In order to study how the conventional spectroscopic method based on the equivalent widths of the Fe I and Fe II lines effectively applies to determining the atmospheric parameters (Teff, logg, v_t_, [Fe/H]) of RR Lyrae variables and how accurately the abundances can be established from such constructed model atmospheres, we analyzed 15 high-dispersion spectrograms of RR Lyr, DX Del, DH Peg, and VY Ser taken at several different phases by using the HDS spectrograph of the Subaru Telescope, and examined the consistency of the resulting phase-to-phase abundances.
Based on high-resolution spectra we revealed variability of the optical spectrum of the cool star identified with the IR source IRAS 20508+2011. Over the five years of our observations, the radial velocity derived from photospheric absorption lines varied in the interval V_r_=15-30km/s. In the same time, the H(alpha) profile varied from an intense bell-shaped emission line with a small absorption to 2-peaked emission with a central absorption feature below the continuum level. At all but one epoch, the positions of the metallic photospheric lines were systematically shifted relative to the H(alpha) emission: Delta V_r_=V_r_(met)-V_r_(Halpha,emis)~-23km/s. The NaD doublet lines shown a complex profile with broad (half-width about 120km/s) emission and photospheric absorption, as well as an interstellar component. We used model atmospheres to determine the physical parameters and chemical composition of the star's atmosphere: Teff=4800K, logg=1.5, Vt=4.0km/s and metallicity [Fe/H]=-0.36. We detected overabundances of oxygen [O/Fe]=+1.79 (with the ratio [C/O]~-0.9), and alpha-process elements, as well as a deficit of heavy metals. The totality of the parameters suggests that the optical component of IRAS 20508+2011 is an "O-rich" AGB star with luminosity M_v_~-3mag that is close to its evolution transition to the post-AGB stage.
The non-LTE sodium abundances of 100 dwarf, giant and subgiant stars with metallicities -3<[Fe/H]<0.3 are determined using high-dispersion spectra with high signal-to-noise ratios.
An analysis of data on chromospheric activity obtained in the framework of exoplanet-search programs is presented. Observations of 1334 stars showing that the chromospheric activity of the Sun is clearly higher than for the vast majority of stars in the solar vicinity are used. A comparison of chromospheric and coronal activity led to the identification of a significant group of stars with a low level of chromospheric activity, whose coronal radiation spans wide ranges.
The high resolution spectra of hydrogen-deficient binary {upsilon} Sgr are analyzed. The atmospheric parameters are T_eff_= 12300+/-200K, logg=2.5+/-0.5 and {xi}_t_=5-15km/s depending on the element.
