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Start Over Subject subdwarf stars Publisher CDS Validation Level 2
1. Astrometry&photometry for late-type dwarfs&subdwarfs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/154/147
Title:
Astrometry&photometry for late-type dwarfs&subdwarfs
Short Name:
J/AJ/154/147
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
New, updated, and/or revised CCD parallaxes determined with the Strand Astrometric Reflector at the Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station are presented. Included are results for 309 late-type dwarf and subdwarf stars observed over the 30+ years that the program operated. For 124 of the stars, parallax determinations from other investigators have already appeared in the literature and we compare the different results. Also included here are new or updated VI photometry on the Johnson-Kron-Cousins system for all but a few of the faintest targets. Together with 2MASS JHK_s_ near-infrared photometry, a sample of absolute magnitude versus color and color versus color diagrams are constructed. Because large proper motion was a prime criterion for targeting the stars, the majority turn out to be either M-type subdwarfs or late M-type dwarfs. The sample also includes 50 dwarf or subdwarf L-type stars, and four T dwarfs. Possible halo subdwarfs are identified in the sample based on tangential velocity, subluminosity, and spectral type. Residuals from the solutions for parallax and proper motion for several stars show evidence of astrometric perturbations.
2. Bright white dwarfs for high-speed photometry
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/472/4173
Title:
Bright white dwarfs for high-speed photometry
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/472/4173
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The upcoming NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will obtain space-based uninterrupted light curves for a large sample of bright white dwarfs distributed across the entire sky, providing a very rich resource for asteroseismological studies and the search for transits from planetary debris. We have compiled an all-sky catalogue of ultraviolet, optical and infrared photometry as well as proper motions, which we propose as an essential tool for the preliminary identification and characterization of potential targets. We present data for 1864 known white dwarfs and 305 high-probability white dwarf candidates brighter than 17mag. We describe the spectroscopic follow-up of 135 stars, of which 82 are white dwarfs and 25 are hot subdwarfs. The new confirmed stars include six pulsating white dwarf candidates (ZZ Cetis), and nine white dwarf binaries with a cool main- sequence companion. We identify one star with a spectroscopic distance of only 25pc from the Sun. Around the time TESS is launched, we foresee that all white dwarfs in this sample will have trigonometric parallaxes measured by the ESA Gaia mission next year.
3. BVRI photometry of candidate subdwarfs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/134/778
Title:
BVRI photometry of candidate subdwarfs
Short Name:
J/AJ/134/778
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Optical (BVRI) photometric measurements of a sample of 564 candidate cool subdwarfs in the nearby halo are presented. The stars generally span the color range 0.4<(B-V)<1.8; hence, the sample is composed of early F- through early M-type stars on the subdwarf sequence. The sample is selected from the revised NLTT catalog of Gould and Salim and Salim and Gould via a reduced proper motion diagram. The photometry is precise and accurate; in particular, for stars with 9<V<13.5 the photometry is accurate to 0.013, 0.015, 0.012, and 0.013mag in V, B-V, V-R, and V-I, respectively. For stars with 13.5<V<16 the photometry is accurate to 0.022, 0.018, 0.013, and 0.018mag in the same bands.
4. Candidate halo dark matter
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/Sci/292.698
Title:
Candidate halo dark matter
Short Name:
J/other/Sci/292.
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The Milky Way galaxy contains a large, spherical component which is believed to harbor a substantial amount of unseen matter. Recent observations indirectly suggest that as much as half of this "dark matter" may be in the form of old, very cool white dwarfs, the remnants of an ancient population of stars as old as the galaxy itself. We conducted a survey to find faint, cool white dwarfs with large space velocities, indicative of their membership in the galaxy's spherical halo component. The survey reveals a substantial, directly observed population of old white dwarfs, too faint to be seen in previous surveys. This newly discovered population accounts for at least 2 percent of the halo dark matter. It provides a natural explanation for the indirect observations, and represents a direct detection of galactic halo dark matter.
5. Candidate halo wide binaries
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/790/158
Title:
Candidate halo wide binaries
Short Name:
J/ApJ/790/158
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present an improved catalog of halo wide binaries compiled from an extensive literature search. Most of our binaries stem from the common proper motion binary catalogs by Allen et al. (2000, J/A+A/356/529) and Chaname & Gould (2004ApJ...601..289C), but we have also included binaries from the lists of Ryan (1992AJ....104.1144R) and Zapatero-Osorio & Martin (2004, J/A+A/419/167). All binaries were carefully checked and their distances and systemic radial velocities are included when available. Probable membership to the halo population was tested by means of reduced proper motion diagrams for 251 candidate halo binaries. After eliminating obvious disk binaries, we ended up with 211 probable halo binaries, 150 of which have radial velocities available. We compute galactic orbits for these 150 binaries and calculate the time they spend within the galactic disk. Considering the full sample of 251 candidate halo binaries as well as several subsamples, we find that the distribution of angular separations (or expected major semiaxes) follows a power law f(a) ~ a.^-1^ (Oepik's relation) up to different limits. For the 50 most disk-like binaries, those that spend their entire lives within z = +/-500 pc, this limit is found to be 19,000 AU (0.09 pc), while for the 50 most halo-like binaries, those that spend on average only 18% of their lives within z = +/-500 pc, the limit is 63,000 AU (0.31 pc). In a companion paper, we employ this catalog to establish limits on the masses of the halo massive perturbers (massive compact halo objects).
6. Candidate subdwarfs and white dwarfs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/413/1581
Title:
Candidate subdwarfs and white dwarfs
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/413/1581
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Photometry from the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), United States Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC3) and SuperCosmos catalogues, together with proper motions from the Tycho-2, Kharkiv Proper Motions (XPM) and UCAC3 catalogues, is used to select all-sky samples of 28 candidate white dwarfs, 1826 evolved and 7641 unevolved subdwarfs for R from 9-17mag. The samples are separated from main-sequence stars with an admixture of less than 10 per cent, owing to an analysis of the distribution of the stars in colour index versus reduced proper-motion diagrams for various latitudes using related Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that the XPM and UCAC3 catalogues have the same level of proper-motion accuracy. Most of the selected stars have at least six-band photometry. This allows us to eliminate some admixtures and reveal some binaries. Empirical calibrations of absolute magnitude versus colour index and reduced proper motion for Hipparcos stars give us distances and a three-dimensional (3D) distribution for all the selected stars. It is shown that the subdwarf samples are almost complete for the Tycho-2 stars, i.e. to 11mag or 150pc from the Sun. For fainter stars from the XPM and UCAC3 catalogues, the subdwarf samples are complete only to 20-60 per cent because of the selection method and incompleteness of the catalogues.
7. Catalog of hot subdwarf stars
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/600/A50
Title:
Catalog of hot subdwarf stars
Short Name:
J/A+A/600/A50
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
In preparation for the upcoming all-sky data releases of the Gaia mission we compiled a catalog of known hot subdwarf stars and candidates drawn from the literature and yet unpublished databases. By matching this catalog with astrometric and photometric data from the Gaia mission, we will develop selection criteria to construct a homogeneous, magnitude-limited all-sky catalog of hot subdwarf stars based on Gaia data.
8. Catalogue of hot subdwarf stars DR2
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/635/A193
Title:
Catalogue of hot subdwarf stars DR2
Short Name:
J/A+A/635/A193
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
In light of substantial new discoveries of hot subdwarfs by ongoing spectroscopic surveys and the availability of new all-sky data from ground-based photometric surveys and the Gaia mission Data Release 2, we compiled an updated catalogue of the known hot subdwarf stars.
9. Co-added spectra of HD127493 and HZ44
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/630/A130
Title:
Co-added spectra of HD127493 and HZ44
Short Name:
J/A+A/630/A130
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Hot subluminous stars can be spectroscopically classified as subdwarf B (sdB) and O (sdO) stars. While the latter are predominantly hydrogen deficient, the former are mostly helium deficient. The atmospheres of most sdOs are almost devoid of hydrogen, whereas a small group of hot subdwarf stars of mixed H/He composition exists, showing extreme metal abundance anomalies. Whether such intermediate helium-rich (iHe) subdwarf stars provide an evolutionary link between the dominant classes is an open question. The presence of strong Ge, Sn, and Pb lines in the UV spectrum of HZ44 suggests a strong enrichment of heavy elements in this iHe-sdO star and calls for a detailed quantitative spectral analysis focusing on trans-iron elements. Non-LTE model atmospheres and synthetic spectra calculated with TLUSTY/SYNSPEC were combined with high-quality optical, ultraviolet (UV), and far-UV (FUV) spectra of HZ44 and its hotter sibling HD127493 to determine their atmospheric parameters and metal abundance patterns. By collecting atomic data from the literature we succeeded in determining the abundances of 29 metals in HZ44, including the trans-iron elements Ga, Ge, As, Se, Zr, Sn, and Pb and providing upper limits for ten other metals. This makes it the best-described hot subdwarf in terms of chemical composition. For HD127493 the abundance of 15 metals, including Ga, Ge, and Pb and upper limits for another 16 metals were derived. Heavy elements turn out to be overabundant by one to four orders of magnitude with respect to the Sun. Zr and Pb are among the most enriched elements. The C, N, and O abundance for both stars can be explained by the nucleosynthesis of hydrogen burning in the CNO cycle along with the stars' helium enrichment. On the other hand, the heavy-element anomalies are unlikely to be caused by nucleosynthesis. Instead diffusion processes are evoked, with radiative levitation overcoming gravitational settlement of the heavy elements.
10. Discoveries from the NEOWISE proper motion survey
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/182
Title:
Discoveries from the NEOWISE proper motion survey
Short Name:
J/AJ/158/182
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present low-resolution near-infrared spectra of discoveries from an all-sky proper motion search conducted using multi-epoch data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Using the data from NEOWISE, along with the AllWISE catalog, Schneider et al. (2016, J/ApJ/817/112) conducted an all-sky proper motion survey to search for nearby objects with high proper motions. Here, we present a follow-up spectroscopic survey of 65 of their discoveries, which focused primarily on potentially nearby objects (d<25 pc), candidate late-type brown dwarfs (>=L7), and subdwarf candidates. We found 31 new M dwarfs, 18 new L dwarfs, and 11 new T dwarfs. Of these, 13 are subdwarfs, including one new sdL1 and two new sdL7s. Eleven of these discoveries, with spectral types ranging from M7 to T7 (including one subdwarf) are predicted to be within 25 pc, adding to the number of known objects in the solar neighborhood. We also discovered three new early-type T subdwarf candidates, one sdT1, one sdT2, and one sdT3, which would increase the number of known early-type T subdwarfs from two to five.