- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/ipcunscrnd
- Title:
- Einstein IPC Unscreened Photon Event List
- Short Name:
- IPCUNSCRND
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This database table gives access to the IPC unscreened data set, which includes files in the event list format together with auxiliary files. This data set was generated by the Einstein Data Center and delivered to the HEASARC on CD-ROM. The Einstein Observatory (HEAO-2) operated from November 1978 to April 1981. Einstein carried the first fully imaging X-ray telescope in space and operated in pointing mode. The Imaging Proportional Counter had a bandpass of 0.2-3.5 keV and was one of two detectors onboard used for imaging. During the Einstein lifetime more than 4000 targets were observed with the IPC. This database table was last updated by the HEASARC in August 2005. Galactic coordinates were added and some parameters were renamed to adhere to the HEASARC's current parameter naming conventions. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/ipclxlbol
- Title:
- EinsteinLX&LBLValuesforIPCOStars
- Short Name:
- IPCLXLBOL
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Soft X-ray (0.2 - 3.5 keV) measurements for all normal, massive, o-type stars surveyed with the Einstein Observatory are presented as a catalog containing 89 detections and 176 upper bounds, together with a detailed discussion of the reduction process. Values of L[x]/L[bol] listed for most stars, range from 10e-5.44 to 10e-7.35; l[x] spans more than 3 orders of magnitude, ranging from 1.5 x 10e31 to 2 x 10e34 ergs se-1. It is noted that at least 30% of o-type stars are variable in X-rays, but that there is little evidence for new objects whose X-ray emission might be significantly enhanced by accretion processes onto a neutron star. For further information, please contact the HEASARC. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/mpcraw
- Title:
- Einstein MPC Raw Data
- Short Name:
- MPCRAW
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Einstein Observatory (also known as HEAO-2 or HEAO-B) was operational from 1978 November 13 until 1981 April 25 when the Einstein attitude control system failed. The Monitor Proportional Counter (MPC) was a non-focal plane instrument that monitored the 1 to 20 keV X-ray flux of the source(s) being observed simultaneously by the operational focal plane instrument. The MPC was a collimated proportional counter filled with argon and carbon dioxide. It had a circular field of view, 1.5 degrees in diameter (FWHM), which was co-aligned with the telescope. A 1.5 mil Be window sealed the gas in the detector and shielded the detector from ultraviolet radiation. The active area of the MPC was 667 square cm. The MPC obtained useful data from 1978 November 19 until 1981 April 17, with the exception of a 3-month period from 1980 Aug 27 to 1980 Dec 08 when operation was intermittent, due to Einstein Observatory attitude control problems. The characteristics of the MPC have been described in detail by Gaillardetz et al.(1979) and by Grindlay et al. (1980). One duplicate entry was removed from the HEASARC implementation of this catalog in June 2019. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/eingalclus
- Title:
- Einstein Observatory Clusters of Galaxies Catalog
- Short Name:
- Einstein/Clus
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Einstein Observatory Clusters of Galaxies Catalog presents the X-ray characteristics of a sample of 368 clusters of galaxies with redshifts less than 0.2 which were observed with the Einstein Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC). For each cluster, the authors measured the 0.5 - 4.5 keV counting rate and computed the 0.5 - 4.5 keV source luminosity, as well as the bolometric luminosity within fixed metric radii. They detected 85% of Abell clusters with z < 0.1, demonstrating that the large majority of these optically selected clusters are not the results of chance superpositions. For 163 clusters, they measured their X-ray surface brightness profiles and determined their core radii. For about 230 clusters, they then used either their measured core radii and beta values, or mean values derived for this sample, to measure central gas densities and gas masses. They used estimated or measured cluster gas temperatures, along with the derived gas-density profiles, to estimate total cluster masses, under the assumptions that the gas is isothermal and in hydrostatic equilibrium. This table was created by the HEASARC in June 2005 based on the merger of CDS tables J/ApJ/511/65/table3.dat and table4.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/einstein2e
- Title:
- Einstein Observatory 2E Catalog of IPC X-Ray Sources
- Short Name:
- Einstein2E
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This is the Einstein Observatory 2E Catalog of Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) X-Ray Sources which was created by the HEASARC from the CDS Catalog IX/13. This latter catalog was prepared by the CDS in October 1996 based on the Einline version. It is similar to the HEASARC's IPC source catalog which the HEASARC created in the early 1990s directly based on Einstein Observatory Source Catalog tables obtained from the then-extant Astrophysics Data System distributed data archive. The IPC Catalog contains 6816 entries compared to 5948 entries in this catalog, notice. This catalog contains sources with signal-to-noise values of 3.5 and greater from Einstein IPC observations. Note that a single source may have more than one entry in this catalog. This catalog was created by the HEASARC in November 2000 based on the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/IX/13">CDS Catalog IX/13</a> file 2e.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/sssraw
- Title:
- Einstein SSS and MPC Raw Data
- Short Name:
- SSSRAW
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Einstein Observatory (also known as HEAO-2 or HEAO-B) was operational from 1978 November 13 until 1981 April 25 when the attitude control system failed. The Solid State Spectrometer (SSS) was operated intermittently between 1978 December 1 and 1979 October 22. However, the cryogen cooling for the detector was used up by about 2 weeks prior to the date of this last observation, so that the last reliable observation of the SSS is considered to have occurred on 1979 October 03. The SSSRAW database accesses the raw SSS data (and the associated monitoring proportional counter, MPC, data), restored in FITS format at HEASARC from the original machine dependent format data set. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/sss
- Title:
- Einstein SSS Spectra and Lightcurves
- Short Name:
- SSS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table is the Einstein Solid State Spectrometer catalog of observations and data products. It incorporates the most recent ice model that is described in the article on the SSS calibration by Christian, Swank, and White that appeared in the HEASARC journal, Legacy, No. 1. Also available as "associated" data products are the quasi-simultaneous observations made by the Einstein Monitor Proportional Counter. There are 634 distinct SSS observations in this database, 95% of which have associated MPC data products. The remaining SSS observations cover time intervals in which all MPC data was flagged as bad by the pCHIP program that was used to generate the MPC spectra and lightcurves. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/einopslgal
- Title:
- Einstein Survey of Optically Selected Galaxies
- Short Name:
- Einstein/OGal
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Einstein Survey of Optically Selected Galaxies contains the results of a complete Einstein Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) X-ray survey of optically-selected galaxies from the Shapley-Ames (S-A) Catalog (CDS Catalog <VII/112>), the Uppsala General Catalog (UGC, <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VII/26">CDS Catalog <VII/26></a>) and the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Catalog (<a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VII/115">CDS Catalog <VII/115></a>). Well-defined optical criteria were used to select the galaxies, and X-ray fluxes were measured at the optically-defined positions. The result is a comprehensive list of X-ray detection and upper limit measurements for 1018 galaxies. Of these, 827 galaxies have either independent distance estimates or radial velocities. Associated optical, redshift, and distance data have been assembled for these galaxies, and their distances come from a combination of directly predicted distances and those predicted from the Faber-Burstein Great Attractor/Virgocentric infall model. The accuracy of the X-ray fluxes has been checked in three different ways; all are consistent with the derived X-ray fluxes being of <= 0.1 dex accuracy. In particular, there is agreement with previously published X-ray fluxes for galaxies in common with a 1991 study by Roberts et al. (1991ApJS...75..751R) and a 1992 study by Fabbiano et al. (1992ApJS...80..531F, also available at the HEASARC as a database table called EINGALCAT). This database was created at the HEASARC in May 2002 based on the ADC/<a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/111/163">CDS Catalog J/ApJS/111/163</a> and is derived from Tables 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, and 14 of the published paper. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/twosigma
- Title:
- Einstein Two-Sigma Catalog
- Short Name:
- Einstein/ETS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The X-ray sources from observations made with the Einstein Observatory (HEAO-2) Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) that have intensities of 2-sigma or more above the background are compiled in this catalog. This catalog covers more sky at fainter flux levels than the Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey. Fields with diffuse emission sources such as bright Abell clusters of galaxies and supernova remnants were excluded. Thus, data within 10 degrees of the galactic plane as well as fields within the boundaries of the Magellanic Clouds were excluded. Regions crowded with galactic sources such as the Orion and Pleiades fiels were also excluded. Excluding redundant fields, this catalog covers 1850 sq. degrees of the sky. The generation of the Einstein Two-Sigma Catalog was described in detail by Moran et al. (1996). Please read this article carefully to ensure responsible use of the Catalog. Detailed scientific and technical questions on the contents and methodology of this catalog should be addressed to the first author, Ed Moran (edhed@igpp.llnl.gov). In particular, it should be noted that, by design, this catalog contains a significant number of spurious sources: only 28%, or about 13,000 sources, out of the 46,000 source in the 2-sigma catalog are `real` astrophysical sources, with the remainder of the sources being spurious ones. Moran et al. show in their paper that performing cross-correlations of 2-sigma sources with other catalogs is an effective way of selecting sources in this catalog that are probably real. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/elaiscxo
- Title:
- ELAIS N1 and N2 Fields Chandra X-Ray Point Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- ELAISCXO
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains the results of an analysis of two deep (75 ks) Chandra observations of the European Large Area Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) Survey (ELAIS) fields N1 and N2 as the first results from the ELAIS deep X-ray survey. This survey is being conducted in well-studied regions with extensive multiwavelength coverage. This table contains the Chandra source catalogs along with an analysis of source counts and hardness ratios. A total of 233 X-ray point sources were detected in addition to two soft extended sources (not included in this table of point sources), which are found to be associated with galaxy clusters. An overdensity of sources is found in N1 with 30 per cent more sources than N2, which the authors attribute to large-scale structure. A similar variance is seen between other deep Chandra surveys. The source count statistics reveal an increasing fraction of hard sources at fainter fluxes. The number of galaxy-like counterparts also increases dramatically towards fainter fluxes, consistent with the emergence of a large population of obscured sources. The ELAIS Deep X-ray Survey (EDXS) is being conducted in the northern ELAIS regions N1 and N2. The Chandra data consist of approximately 75 ks exposures in each field. Region N1 was observed on 2000 August 3-4 (Obs_ID 888) and N2 on 2000 August 2-3 (Obs_ID 887). The nominal aimpoints were 16:10:20.11 +54:33:22.3 for N1, and 16:36:46.99 +41:01:33.7 for N2 in J2000.0 coordinates. The ACIS-I chips were used with the addition of the ACIS-S2 and ACIS-S4 chips. This table was created by the HEASARC in February 2007 based on the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/MNRAS/343/293">CDS catalog J/MNRAS/343/293</a> files table1.dat and table2.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
