- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/409/2
- Title:
- 86 Herschel sources SED model parameters
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/409/2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for 86 Herschel sources detected at 5{sigma} at 250, 350 and 500um in the HerMES SWIRE-Lockman field. We explore whether existing models for starbursts, quiescent star-forming galaxies and active galactic nucleus dust tori are able to model the full range of SEDs measured with Herschel. We find that while many galaxies (~56 per cent) are well fitted with the templates used to fit IRAS, Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) and Spitzer sources, for about half the galaxies two new templates are required: quiescent ('cirrus') models with colder (10-20K) dust and a young starburst model with higher optical depth than Arp 220. Predictions of submillimetre fluxes based on model fits to 4.5-24um data agree rather poorly with the observed fluxes, but the agreement is better for fits to 4.5-70um data. Herschel galaxies detected at 500um tend to be those with the highest dust masses.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/887/105
- Title:
- Herschel/SPIRE FTS [CI] lines in KINGFISH gal.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/887/105
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present resolved [CI] line intensities of 18 nearby galaxies observed with the SPIRE FTS spectrometer on the Herschel Space Observatory. We use these data along with resolved CO line intensities from J_up_=1 to 7 to interpret what phase of the interstellar medium the [CI] lines trace within typical local galaxies. A tight, linear relation is found between the intensities of the CO(4-3) and [CI](2-1) lines; we hypothesize this is due to the similar upper level temperature of these two lines. We modeled the [CI] and CO line emission using large-velocity gradient models combined with an empirical template. According to this modeling, the [CI](1-0) line is clearly dominated by the low-excitation component. We determine [CI] to molecular mass conversion factors for both the [CI](1-0) and [CI](2-1) lines, with mean values of {alpha}_[CI](1-0)_=7.3M_{sun}_/K/km.s/pc^2^ and {alpha}_[CI](2-1)_=34M_{sun}_/K/km.s/pc^2^ with logarithmic root-mean-square spreads of 0.20 and 0.32dex, respectively. The similar spread of {alpha}_[CI](1-0)_ to {alpha}_CO_ (derived using the CO(2-1) line) suggests that [CI](1-0) may be just as good a tracer of cold molecular gas as CO(2-1) in galaxies of this type. On the other hand, the wider spread of {alpha}_[CI](2-1)_ and the tight relation found between [CI](2-1) and CO(4-3) suggest that much of the [CI](2-1) emission may originate in warmer molecular gas.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/230/1
- Title:
- Herschel SPIRE/FTS 194-671um survey of GOALS LIRGs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/230/1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We describe a Herschel Space Observatory 194-671{mu}m spectroscopic survey of a sample of 121 local luminous infrared galaxies and report the fluxes of the CO J to J-1 rotational transitions for 4<=J<=13, the [NII] 205{mu}m line, the [CI] lines at 609 and 370{mu}m, as well as additional and usually fainter lines. The CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) presented here are consistent with our earlier work, which was based on a smaller sample, that calls for two distinct molecular gas components in general: (i) a cold component, which emits CO lines primarily at J<~4 and likely represents the same gas phase traced by CO (1-0), and (ii) a warm component, which dominates over the mid-J regime (4<J<~10) and is intimately related to current star formation. We present evidence that the CO line emission associated with an active galactic nucleus is significant only at J>10. The flux ratios of the two [CI] lines imply modest excitation temperatures of 15-30K; the [CI] 370{mu}m line scales more linearly in flux with CO (4-3) than with CO (7-6). These findings suggest that the [CI] emission is predominantly associated with the gas component defined in (i) above. Our analysis of the stacked spectra in different far-infrared (FIR) color bins reveals an evolution of the SLED of the rotational transitions of H_2_O vapor as a function of the FIR color in a direction consistent with infrared photon pumping.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/409/L13
- Title:
- Herschel-SPIRE radio galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/409/L13
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the first study of the far-infrared (FIR) properties of high-redshift, radio-selected ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) using deep observations obtained with the Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) from the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES). These galaxies span a large range of 850-um fluxes from submillimetre-luminous ~10mJy sources (SCUBA galaxies) to ~1.5mJy from stacked SCUBA non-detections, thus likely representing a complete distribution of ULIRG spectral energy distributions (SEDs). From Keck spectroscopic surveys in the Lockman-North field we identified a sample of 31 submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) and 37 submillimetre-faint, optically faint radio galaxies (OFRGs), all with radio-inferred IR luminosities >10^12^L_{sun}_. These galaxies were cross-identified with SPIRE 250-, 350- and 500-um catalogues based on fluxes extracted at 24-um positions in the SWIRE survey, yielding a sample of more than half of the galaxies well detected in at least two of the SPIRE bandpasses.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/568/A90
- Title:
- Herschel/SPIRE spectra in Arp 299
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/568/A90
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- (Ultra) luminous infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) are nearby laboratories that allow us to study similar processes to those occurring in high redshift submillimeter galaxies. Understanding the heating and cooling mechanisms in these galaxies can give us insight into the driving mechanisms in their more distant counterparts. Molecular emission lines play a crucial role in cooling excited gas, and recently, with Herschel Space Observatory we have been able to observe the rich molecular spectrum. Carbon monoxide (CO) is the most abundant and one of the brightest molecules in the Herschel wavelength range. CO transitions from J=4-3 to 13-12 are observed with Herschel, and together, these lines trace the excitation of CO. We study Arp 299, a colliding galaxy group, with one component (A) harboring an active galactic nucleus and two more (B and C) undergoing intense star formation. For Arp 299 A, we present PACS spectrometer observations of high-J CO lines up to J=20-19 and JCMT observations of ^13^CO and HCN to discern between UV heating and alternative heating mechanisms.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/210/22
- Title:
- Herschel Stripe 82 survey (HerS) first catalog
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/210/22
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the first set of maps and band-merged catalog from the Herschel Stripe 82 Survey (HerS). Observations at 250, 350, and 500{mu}m were taken with the Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) instrument aboard the Herschel Space Observatory. HerS covers 79deg^2^ along the SDSS Stripe 82 to an average depth of 13.0, 12.9, and 14.8mJy/beam (including confusion) at 250, 350, and 500{mu}m, respectively. HerS was designed to measure correlations with external tracers of the dark matter density field --either point-like (i.e., galaxies selected from radio to X-ray) or extended (i.e., clusters and gravitational lensing)-- in order to measure the bias and redshift distribution of intensities of infrared-emitting dusty star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei. By locating HerS in Stripe 82, we maximize the overlap with available and upcoming cosmological surveys. The band-merged catalog contains 3.3x10^4^ sources detected at a significance of >~3{sigma} (including confusion noise).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/572/A90
- Title:
- Herschel-VVDS-CFHTLS-D1 detections
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/572/A90
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate of the properties of ~2000 Herschel/SPIRE far-infrared-selected galaxies from 0<z<4 in the CFHTLS-D1 field. Using a combination of extensive spectroscopy from the VVDS and ORELSE surveys, deep multiwavelength imaging from CFHT, VLA, Spitzer, XMM-Newton, and Herschel, and well-calibrated spectral energy distribution fitting, Herschel-bright galaxies are compared to optically-selected galaxies at a variety of redshifts. Herschel-selected galaxies are observed to span a range of stellar masses, colors, and absolute magnitudes equivalent to galaxies undetected in SPIRE. Though many Herschel galaxies appear to be in transition, such galaxies are largely consistent with normal star-forming galaxies when rest-frame colors are utilized. The nature of the star-forming "main sequence" is studied and we warn against adopting this framework unless the main sequence is determined precisely. Herschel galaxies at different total infrared luminosities (L_TIR_) are compared. Bluer optical colors, larger nebular extinctions, and larger contributions from younger stellar populations are observed for galaxies with larger L_TIR_, suggesting that low-L_TIR_ galaxies are undergoing rejuvenated starbursts while galaxies with higher L_TIR_ are forming a larger percentage of their stellar mass. A variety of methods are used to select powerful active galactic nuclei (AGN). Galaxies hosting all types of AGN are observed to be undergoing starbursts more commonly and vigorously than a matched sample of galaxies without powerful AGN and, additionally, the fraction of galaxies with an AGN increases with increasing SFR at all redshifts. At all redshifts (0<z<4) the most prodigious star-forming galaxies are found to contain the highest fraction of powerful AGN. For redshift bins that allow a comparison (z>0.5), the highest L_TIR_ galaxies in a given redshift bin are unobserved by SPIRE at subsequently lower redshifts, a trend linked to downsizing. In conjunction with other results, this evidence is used to argue for prevalent AGN-driven quenching in starburst galaxies across cosmic time.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/736/31
- Title:
- HETDEX pilot survey. II. 1.9<z<3.8 LAEs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/736/31
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We study the escape of Ly{alpha} photons from Ly{alpha} emitting galaxies (LAEs) and the overall galaxy population using a sample of 99 LAEs at 1.9<z<3.8 detected through integral-field spectroscopy of blank fields by The Hobby Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment Pilot Survey. For 89 LAEs with broadband counterparts we measure ultraviolet (UV) luminosities and UV slopes, and estimate E(B-V) under the assumption of a constant intrinsic UV slope for LAEs. These quantities are used to estimate dust-corrected star formation rates (SFRs). Comparison between the observed Ly{alpha} luminosity and that predicted by the dust-corrected SFR yields the Ly{alpha} escape fraction. We also measure the Ly{alpha} luminosity function and luminosity density ({rho}_Ly{alpha}_) at 2<z<4. Using this and other measurements from the literature at 0.3<z<7.7 we trace the redshift evolution of {rho}_Ly{alpha}_. We compare it to the expectations from the star formation history of the universe and characterize the evolution of the Ly{alpha} escape fraction of galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/218/10
- Title:
- HET Massive Galaxy Survey (HETMGS)
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/218/10
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have conducted an optical long-slit spectroscopic survey of 1022 galaxies using the 10m Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) at McDonald Observatory. The main goal of the HET Massive Galaxy Survey (HETMGS) is to find nearby galaxies that are suitable for black hole mass measurements. In order to measure accurately the black hole mass, one should kinematically resolve the region where the black hole dominates the gravitational potential. For most galaxies, this region is much less than an arcsecond. Thus, black hole masses are best measured in nearby galaxies with telescopes that obtain high spatial resolution. The HETMGS focuses on those galaxies predicted to have the largest sphere-of-influence, based on published stellar velocity dispersions or the galaxy fundamental plane. To ensure coverage over galaxy types, the survey targets those galaxies across a face-on projection of the fundamental plane. We present the sample selection and resulting data products from the long-slit observations, including central stellar kinematics and emission line ratios. The full data set, including spectra and resolved kinematics, is available online. Additionally, we show that the current crop of black hole masses are highly biased toward dense galaxies and that especially large disks and low dispersion galaxies are under-represented. This survey provides the necessary groundwork for future systematic black hole mass measurement campaigns.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/573/A129
- Title:
- HeViCS. SPIRE point-source catalogs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/573/A129
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present three independent catalogs of point-sources extracted from SPIRE images at 250, 350, and 500 micron, acquired with the Herschel Space Observatory as a part of the Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey (HeViCS). The catalogs have been cross-correlated to consistently extract the photometry at SPIRE wavelengths for each object. Sources have been detected using an iterative loop. The source positions are determined by estimating the likelihood to be a real source for each peak on the maps, according to the criterion defined in the sourceExtractorSussextractor task. The flux densities are estimated using the sourceExtractorTimeline, a timeline-based point source fitter that also determines the fitting procedure with the width of the Gaussian that best reproduces the source considered. Afterwards, each source is subtracted from the maps, removing a Gaussian function in every position with the full width half maximum equal to that estimated in sourceExtractorTimeline.
