- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/543/A61
- Title:
- SINFONI data cube of NGC 7552
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/543/A61
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Approximately 20% of all spiral galaxies display starburst activity in nuclear rings of a few hundred parsecs in diameter. It is our main aim to investigate how the starburst ignites and propagates within the ring, leading to the formation of massive stellar clusters. We observed the ring galaxy NGC 7552 with the mid-infrared (MIR) instrument VISIR at an angular resolution of 0.3"-0.4" and with the near-infrared (NIR) integral-field spectrograph SINFONI on the VLT, and complement these observations with data from ISO and Spitzer. The starburst ring is clearly detected at MIR wavelengths at the location of the dust-extincted, dark ring seen in HST observations. This "ring", however, is a rather complex annular region of more than 100 parsec width. We find a large fraction of diffuse [NeII] and PAH emission in the central region that is not associated with the MIR peaks on spatial scales of ~30pc. We do not detect MIR emission from the nucleus of NGC 7552, which is very prominent at optical and NIR continuum wavelengths. However, we have identified nine unresolved MIR peaks within the ring. The average extinction of these peaks is A_V_=7.4 and their total infrared luminosity is L_IR_=2.1x10^10^L_{sun}_. The properties of these peaks are typical for MIR-selected massive clusters found in other galaxies. The ages of the MIR-selected clusters are in the range of 5.9+/-0.3Myr. The age spread among the clusters of 0.8Myr is small compared to the travel time of ~5.6Myr for half an orbit within the starburst ring. We find no strong evidence for a scenario where the continuous inflow of gas leads to the ongoing formation of massive clusters at the contact points between galactic bar and starburst ring. Instead, it appears more likely that the gas density build up more gradually over larger ring segments, and that the local physical conditions govern cluster formation. We note that the fundamental limitation on the accurate derivation of cluster age, mass and initial mass function slope is the lack of higher angular resolution. Resolving the highly embedded, massive clusters requires milli-arcsecond resolution at infrared wavelengths, which will be provided by the next generation of instruments on extremely large telescopes (ELTs).
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/706/1364
- Title:
- SINS survey of high-redshift galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/706/1364
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the Spectroscopic Imaging survey in the near-infrared (near-IR) with SINFONI (SINS) of high-redshift galaxies. With 80 objects observed and 63 detected in at least one rest-frame optical nebular emission line, mainly H{alpha}, SINS represents the largest survey of spatially resolved gas kinematics, morphologies, and physical properties of star-forming galaxies at z~1-3. We describe the selection of the targets, the observations, and the data reduction. We then focus on the "SINS H{alpha} sample," consisting of 62 rest-UV/optically selected sources at 1.3<z<2.6 for which we targeted primarily the H{alpha} and [NII] emission lines. Only ~30% of this sample had previous near-IR spectroscopic observations. The galaxies were drawn from various imaging surveys with different photometric criteria; as a whole, the SINS H{alpha} sample covers a reasonable representation of massive M_*_>~10^10^M_{sun}_ star-forming galaxies at z~1.5-2.5, with some bias toward bluer systems compared to pure K-selected samples due to the requirement of secure optical redshift. The H{alpha} morphologies tend to be irregular and/or clumpy. About one-third of the SINS H{alpha} sample galaxies are rotation-dominated yet turbulent disks, another one-third comprises compact and velocity dispersion-dominated objects, and the remaining galaxies are clear interacting/merging systems; the fraction of rotation-dominated systems increases among the more massive part of the sample.
3243. SIRTF First-Look Survey
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/125/2411
- Title:
- SIRTF First-Look Survey
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/125/2411
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The First-Look Survey (FLS) of the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) will cover about 5deg^2^ centered on J2000.0 (17:18+59:30) in order to characterize the extragalactic infrared sky 2 orders of magnitude deeper than the IRAS survey. We expect that most of the FLS far-infrared ({lambda} = 160, 70, and 24 {mu}m) sources will be star-forming galaxies obeying the very tight far-infrared/radio correlation and will be continuum radio sources with flux densities S>~100{mu}Jy at {nu}=1.4GHz. Conversely, radio sources stronger than 100{mu}Jy are usually powered by star-forming galaxies, plus some active galactic nuclei, and most should be detectable by the SIRTF FLS. Thus, a sensitive radio survey can be used to select and identify most of the SIRTF FLS source population before launch. We used the B configuration of the VLA to make an image of the FLS area at {nu}=1.4GHz with {sigma}=~23{mu}Jy/beam rms fluctuations, {theta}=5'' resolution, and {sigma}_{alpha}_=~{sigma}_{delta}_=~0.5'' rms uncertainties in right ascension and declination. The resulting radio image and catalog of 3565 radio components with peak flux densities Sp>=5{sigma}=115{mu}Jy/beam have been released via the Web to expedite follow-up optical identification and spectroscopy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/553/A99
- Title:
- Six fossil central galaxies reduced spectra
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/553/A99
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Fossil galaxy groups are speculated to be old and highly evolved systems of galaxies that formed early in the universe and had enough time to deplete their L* galaxies through successive mergers of member galaxies, building up one massive central elliptical, but retaining the group X-ray halo. Considering that fossils are the remnants of mergers in ordinary groups, the merger history of the progenitor group is expected to be imprinted in the fossil central galaxy (FCG). We present for the first time radial gradients of single-stellar population (SSP) ages and metallicities in a sample of FCGs We took deep spectra with the long-slit spectrograph ISIS at the William Herschel Telescope (WHT) for six FCGs.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/510/659
- Title:
- Size and Structure of AGN in NGC 5548
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/510/659
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of 3 yr of ground-based observations of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548, which, combined with previously reported data, yield optical continuum and broad-line H{beta} light curves for a total of 8 yr. The light curves consist of over 800 points, with a typical spacing of a few days between observations. During this 8 yr period, the nuclear continuum has varied by more than a factor of 7, and the H{beta} emission line has varied by a factor of nearly 6. The H{beta} emission line responds to continuum variations with a time delay or lag of {=~}10--20 days, the precise value varying somewhat from year to year. We find some indications that the lag varies with continuum flux in the sense that the lag is larger when the source is brighter.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/142/199
- Title:
- Sizes and luminosities of stellar systems
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/142/199
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We use a combined imaging and spectroscopic survey of the nearby central cluster galaxy, M87, to assemble a sample of 34 confirmed UltraCompact Dwarfs (UCDs) with half-light radii of >=10pc measured from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. This doubles the existing sample in M87, making it the largest such sample for any galaxy, while extending the detection of UCDs to unprecedentedly low luminosities (MV=-9). With this expanded sample, we find no correlation between size and luminosity, in contrast to previous suggestions, and no general correlation between size and galactocentric distance. We explore the relationships between UCDs, less luminous extended clusters (including faint fuzzies), Globular Clusters (GCs), as well as early-type galaxies and their nuclei, assembling an extensive new catalog of sizes and luminosities for stellar systems. Most of the M87 UCDs follow a tight color-magnitude relation, offset from the metal-poor GCs. This, along with kinematical differences, demonstrates that most UCDs are a distinct population from normal GCs, and not simply a continuation to larger sizes and higher luminosities. The UCD color-magnitude trend couples closely with that for Virgo dwarf elliptical nuclei. We conclude that the M87 UCDs are predominantly stripped nuclei. The brightest and reddest UCDs may be the remnant nuclei of more massive galaxies while a subset of the faintest UCDs may be tidally limited and related to more compact star clusters. In the broader context of galaxy assembly, blue UCDs may trace halo build-up by accretion of low-mass satellites, while red UCDs may be markers of metal-rich bulge formation in larger galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/705/639
- Title:
- Sizes of Lyman alpha emitters at z=3.1
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/705/639
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a rest-frame ultraviolet analysis of ~120 z~3.1 Lyman Alpha Emitters (LAEs) in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South. Using Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images taken as part of the Galaxy Evolution From Morphology and SEDS (GEMS) survey, Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), and Hubble Ultradeep Field surveys, we analyze the sizes of LAEs, as well as the spatial distribution of their components, which are defined as distinct clumps of UV-continuum emission. We set an upper limit of ~1kpc (~0.1") on the rms offset between the centroids of the continuum and Ly{alpha} emission. Most of the multi-component LAEs identified in shallow frames become connected in deeper images, suggesting that the majority of the rest-UV "clumps" are individual star-forming regions within a single system.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/851/48
- Title:
- SLACS. XIII. Galaxy-scale strong lens candidates
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/851/48
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the full sample of 118 galaxy-scale strong-lens candidates in the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey for the Masses (S4TM) Survey, which are spectroscopically selected from the final data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Follow-up Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging observations confirm that 40 candidates are definite strong lenses with multiple lensed images. The foreground-lens galaxies are found to be early-type galaxies (ETGs) at redshifts 0.06-0.44, and background sources are emission-line galaxies at redshifts 0.22-1.29. As an extension of the SLACS Survey, the S4TM Survey is the first attempt to preferentially search for strong-lens systems with relatively lower lens masses than those in the pre-existing strong-lens samples. By fitting HST data with a singular isothermal ellipsoid model, we find that the total projected mass within the Einstein radius of the S4TM strong-lens sample ranges from 3x10^10^M_{sun}_ to 2x10^11^M_{sun}_. In Shu+ (2015ApJ...803...71S), we have derived the total stellar mass of the S4TM lenses to be 5x10^10^M_{sun}_ to 1x10^12^M_{sun}_. Both the total enclosed mass and stellar mass of the S4TM lenses are on average almost a factor of 2 smaller than those of the SLACS lenses, which also represent the typical mass scales of the current strong-lens samples. The extended mass coverage provided by the S4TM sample can enable a direct test, with the aid of strong lensing, for transitions in scaling relations, kinematic properties, mass structure, and dark-matter content trends of ETGs at intermediate-mass scales as noted in previous studies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/777/97
- Title:
- SL2S galaxy-scale lens sample. III.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/777/97
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data and Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) near-infrared ground-based images for the final sample of 56 candidate galaxy-scale lenses uncovered in the CFHT Legacy Survey as part of the Strong Lensing in the Legacy Survey (SL2S) project. The new images are used to perform lens modeling, measure surface photometry, and estimate stellar masses of the deflector early-type galaxies (ETGs). Lens modeling is performed on the HST images (or CFHT when HST is not available) by fitting the spatially extended light distribution of the lensed features assuming a singular isothermal ellipsoid mass profile and by reconstructing the intrinsic source light distribution on a pixelized grid. Based on the analysis of systematic uncertainties and comparison with inference based on different methods, we estimate that our Einstein radii are accurate to ~3%. HST imaging provides a much higher success rate in confirming gravitational lenses and measuring their Einstein radii than CFHT imaging does. Lens modeling with ground-based images, however, when successful, yields Einstein radius measurements that are competitive with space-based images. Information from the lens models is used together with spectroscopic information from companion Paper IV (2013ApJ...777...98S) to classify the systems, resulting in a final sample of 39 confirmed (grade A) lenses and 17 promising candidates (grade B,C).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/785/144
- Title:
- SL2S galaxy-scale sample of lens candidates
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/785/144
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present RINGFINDER, a tool for finding galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses in multi-band imaging data. By construction, the method is sensitive to configurations involving a massive foreground ETG and a faint, background, blue source. RINGFINDER detects the presence of blue residuals embedded in an otherwise smooth red light distribution by difference imaging in two bands. The method is automated for efficient application to current and future surveys, having originally been designed for the 150 deg^2^ Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS). We describe each of the steps of RINGFINDER. We then carry out extensive simulations to assess completeness and purity. For sources with magnification {mu}>4, RINGFINDER reaches 42% (25%) completeness and 29% (86%) purity before (after) visual inspection. The completeness of RINGFINDER is substantially improved in the particular range of Einstein radii 0.8"<=R_Ein_<=2.0" and lensed images brighter than g=22.5, where it can be as high as ~70%. RINGFINDER does not introduce any significant bias in the source or deflector population. We conclude by presenting the final catalog of RINGFINDER CFHTLS galaxy-scale strong lens candidates. Additional information obtained with Hubble Space Telescope and Keck adaptive optics high-resolution imaging, and with Keck and Very Large Telescope spectroscopy, is used to assess the validity of our classification and measure the redshift of the foreground and the background objects. From an initial sample of 640000 ETGs, RINGFINDER returns 2500 candidates, which we further reduce by visual inspection to 330 candidates. We confirm 33 new gravitational lenses from the main sample of candidates, plus an additional 16 systems taken from earlier versions of RINGFINDER. First applications are presented in the Strong Lensing Legacy Survey galaxy-scale lens sample paper series.
