- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASJ/73/313
- Title:
- Radio loudness and classification for radio source
- Short Name:
- J/PASJ/73/313
- Date:
- 03 Dec 2021 00:54:37
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The extragalactic radio sources are divided into two subclasses (radio-loud and radio-quiet sources) in the literature using radio loudness (R), which is defined as the ratio of radio emission to optical emission, but the boundary R-value separating the two classes is different in various sources. In this work, a sample of 2419 objects from the 13th catalog of quasars and active nuclei is used to build a boundary for the two subclasses. To do so, we compiled the radio and optical data, calculated their radio and optical indexes, made K-correction, obtained the radio loudness, and adopted a Bayesian analysis method to the logarithm of radio loudness for classification. We also investigated the correlations of radio loudness with radio/optical luminosities. Our main conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) The distribution of the logarithm of radio loudness (log R) is bimodal, the sources with log R<1.26 are classified as radio-quiet sources, and those with log R>1.26 are classified as radio-loud ones from the Bayesian analysis method. (2) The average radio-optical effective spectral index of radio-quiet sources is <RO>=0.05, while that of radio-loud sources is <{alpha}_RO_>=0.55. (3) There are positive correlations between radio luminosity and radio loudness for both radio-loud sources and radio-quiet sources. (4) A dividing line of separating the distribution of the clusters on the diagram of radio loudness against radio luminosity was obtained statistically to set the boundary between radio-loud sources and radio-quiet sources, with an accuracy of 99.73% based on the classification result from the Bayesian analysis method.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/348/857
- Title:
- Radio-loud QSOs at z~4
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/348/857
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We obtained spectra of 60 red, star-like objects (m_E_<18.8) identified with FIRST radio sources, S_1.4GHz_>1mJy. Eight are quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) with redshift z>3.6. Combined with our earlier pilot search, our sample of 121 candidates yields a total of 18 z>3.6 QSOs (10 of these with z>4.0). 8 per cent of candidates with S_1.4GHz_<10mJy and 37 per cent of candidates with S_1.4GHz_>10mJy are QSOs with z>3.6. The surface density of m_E_<18.8, S_1.4GHz_>1mJy, z>4 QSOs is 0.003deg^-2^. This is currently the only well-defined sample of radio-loud QSOs at z~4 selected independently of radio spectral index. The QSOs are highly luminous in the optical (eight have M_B_<28, q_0_=0.5, H_0_=50km/s/Mpc). The SEDs are as varied as those seen in optical searches for high-redshift QSOs, but the fraction of objects with weak (strongly self-absorbed) Ly emission is marginally higher (3 out of 18) than for high-redshift QSOs from SDSS (5 out of 96).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/449/2818
- Title:
- 87 radio loud quasars (RLS) with 3.6<=z<=4.4
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/449/2818
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We obtain a sample of 87 radio-loud quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) in the redshift range 3.6<=z<=4.4 by cross-correlating sources in the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) radio survey (S_1.4GHz_>1mJy) with star-like objects having r<20.2 in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. Of these 87 QSOs, 80 are spectroscopically classified in previous work (mainly SDSS), and form the training set for a search for additional such sources. We apply our selection to 2916 FIRST-DR7 pairs and find 15 likely candidates. Seven of these are confirmed as high-redshift quasars, bringing the total to 87. The candidates were selected using a neural-network, which yields 97 percent completeness (fraction of actual high-z QSOs selected as such) and an efficiency (fraction of candidates which are high-z QSOs) in the range of 47-60 percent. We use this sample to estimate the binned optical luminosity function (LF) of radio-loud QSOs at z~4, and also the LF of the total QSO population and its comoving density. Our results suggest that the radio-loud fraction at high z is similar to that at low z and that other authors may be underestimating the fraction at high z. Finally, we determine the slope of the optical LF and obtain results consistent with previous studies of radio-loud QSOs and of the whole population of QSOs. The evolution of the LF with redshift was for many years interpreted as a flattening of the bright-end slope, but has recently been re-interpreted as strong evolution of the break luminosity for high-z QSOs, and our results, for the radio-loud population, are consistent with this.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/842/87
- Title:
- Radio luminosity function of FSRQs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/842/87
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the radio luminosity function (LF) of flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQ), using the largest and most complete sample to date. Cross-matching between the FIRST 20cm and GB6 6cm radio surveys, we find 638 flat-spectrum radio sources above 220mJy at 1.4GHz; of these, 327 are classified and verified using optical spectroscopy data, mainly from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12. We also considered flat-spectrum radio sources that lack both literature references and optical spectroscopy, and we identified 12 out of the 43 such sources to potentially be FSRQs, using their WISE colors. From the fully identified sample of 242 FSRQs, we derived the radio LF and cosmic evolution of blazars at 1.4GHz, finding good agreement with previous work at 5GHz. The number density of FSRQs increases dramatically to a redshift of z~2 and then declines for higher redshifts. Furthermore, the redshift at which the quasar density peaks is clearly dependent on luminosity, with more luminous sources peaking at higher redshifts. The approximate best-fit LF for a luminosity-dependent evolutionary model is a broken power-law with slopes ~0.7 and ~1.7 below and above the break luminosity, logL_1.4_~43.8erg/s, respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/130/1358
- Title:
- Radio observations of the HDFS region. I
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/130/1358
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper is the first of a series describing the results of the Australia Telescope Hubble Deep Field-South radio survey. The survey was conducted at four wavelengths, 20, 11, 6, and 3cm, over a 4 year period and achieves an rms sensitivity of about 10{mu}Jy at each wavelength. We describe the observations and data reduction processes and present data on radio sources close to the center of the Hubble Deep Field-South. We discuss in detail the properties of a subset of these sources. The sources include both starburst galaxies and galaxies powered by an active galactic nucleus and range in redshift from 0.1 to 2.2. Some of them are characterized by unusually high radio-to-optical luminosities, presumably caused by dust extinction.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/130/1373
- Title:
- Radio observations of the HDFS region. II
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/130/1373
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper is part of a series describing the results from the Australia Telescope Hubble Deep Field-South (ATHDFS) survey obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. This survey consists of observations at 1.4, 2.5, 5.2, and 8.7GHz, all centered on the Hubble Deep Field-South. Here we present the first results from the extended observing campaign at 1.4GHz. A total of 466 sources have been cataloged to a local sensitivity of 5{sigma} (11{mu}Jy rms). A source extraction technique is developed that (1) successfully excludes spurious sources from the final source catalogs and (2) accounts for the nonuniform noise in our image. A source catalog is presented, and the general properties of the 1.4GHz image are discussed. We also present source counts derived from our ATHDFS 1.4GHz catalog.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/520/A62
- Title:
- Radio-optical scrutiny of compact AGN
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/520/A62
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We study the correlations between the VLBA (Very Long Baseline Array) radio emission at 15GHz, extended emission at 151MHz, and optical nuclear emission at 5100{AA} for a complete sample of 135 compact jets. We use the partial Kendall's tau correlation analysis to check the link between radio properties of parsec-scale jets and optical nuclear luminosities of host active galactic nuclei (AGN).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/555/A4
- Title:
- Radio polarimetry of CSS sources
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/555/A4
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present multi-frequency VLA polarisation observations of compact steep spectrum (CSS) sources. About half of the sources are point-like even at the resolution of about 0.1x0.1 arcseconds. The remaining sources have double or triple structure. Low values for the percentage of polarised emission in CSS sources is confirmed. On the average, quasars are more polarised than galaxies. A wide range of RM values have been measured. There are clear indications of very large RMs up to about 5585rad/m^2^. CSS galaxies are characterized by RM values that are larger than CSS quasars. The majority of the objects show very large values of RM.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/445/62
- Title:
- Radio properties of optically selected quasars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/445/62
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Approximately one-quarter (256 objects) of the Large Bright Quasar Survey (LBQS, Hewett et al., 1995, Cat. <J/AJ/109/1498>) has been observed with the VLA at 8.4GHz, resulting in 44 detections (17%) with a median 3{sigma} noise limit of 0.29mJy. Quasars with radio luminosity detectable at this limit are under-represented at faint absolute blue magnitudes (M_B_>=-24), an effect which cannot be explained by a potential LBQS selection bias against quasars which have large radio luminosities and small optical luminosities. The radio-loud (8GHz luminosity >10^25^W/Hz) fraction is observed to change as a function of redshift and MB, for M_B_<-24, although the causal variable is ambiguous. The description most consistent with the available data is that radio-loud fraction is approximately constant over the range -27.5<M_B_<-24 and increases at brighter absolute magnitudes. The radio-loud fraction as a function of redshift reaches a local maximum at z~1, and, aside from the effects of increased radio-loud fraction at bright M_B_, remains roughly constant to redshifts approaching 5. The log R_8.4_ distribution (radio-to-optical luminosity ratio) of the current LBQS sample may be bimodal, but the results of statistical tests are ambiguous, requiring a larger sample size to become definite.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/466/921
- Title:
- Radio properties of z < 0.3 quasars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/466/921
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- To better constrain the hypotheses proposed to explain why only a few quasars are radio loud (R_L_), we compare the characteristics of 1958 nearby (z<=0.3) SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) quasars, covered by the FIRST (Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty Centimeters) and NVSS (NRAO VLA Sky Survey) radio surveys. Only 22 per cent are R_L_ with log(L_1.4GHz_)>=22.5W/Hz, the majority being compact (C), weak radio sources (WRS), with log(L_1.4GHz_)<24.5W/Hz. 15 per cent of the RL quasars have extended radio morphologies: 3 per cent have a core and a jet (J), 2 per cent have a core with one lobe (L), and 10 per cent have a core with two lobes (T), the majority being powerful radio sources (PRS), with log(L_1.4GHz_)>=24.5W/Hz. In general, RL quasars have higher bolometric luminosities and ionization powers than radio-quiet (RQ) quasars. The WRS have comparable black hole (BH) masses as the RQ quasars, but higher accretion rates or radiative efficiencies. The PRS have higher BH masses than the WRS, but comparable accretion rates or radiative efficiencies. The WRS also have higher FWHM_{[OIII]} than the PRS, consistent with a coupling of the spectral characteristics of the quasars with their radio morphologies. Inspecting the SDSS images and applying a neighbour search algorithm reveal no difference between the RQ and RL quasars of their host galaxies, environments, and interaction. Our results prompt the conjecture that the phenomenon that sparks the RL phase in quasars is transient, intrinsic to the active galactic nuclei, and stochastic, due to the chaotic nature of the accretion process of matter on to the BHs.
