- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/821/115
- Title:
- SDSS-II SN Survey: host-galaxy spectral data
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/821/115
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using the largest single-survey sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to date, we study the relationship between properties of SNe Ia and those of their host galaxies, focusing primarily on correlations with Hubble residuals (HRs). Our sample consists of 345 photometrically classified or spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia discovered as part of the SDSS-II Supernova Survey (SDSS-SNS). This analysis utilizes host-galaxy spectroscopy obtained during the SDSS-I/II spectroscopic survey and from an ancillary program on the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey that obtained spectra for nearly all host galaxies of SDSS-II SN candidates. In addition, we use photometric host-galaxy properties from the SDSS-SNS data release such as host stellar mass and star formation rate. We confirm the well-known relation between HR and host-galaxy mass and find a 3.6{sigma} significance of a nonzero linear slope. We also recover correlations between HR and host-galaxy gas-phase metallicity and specific star formation rate as they are reported in the literature. With our large data set, we examine correlations between HR and multiple host-galaxy properties simultaneously and find no evidence of a significant correlation. We also independently analyze our spectroscopically confirmed and photometrically classified SNe Ia and comment on the significance of similar combined data sets for future surveys.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/763/88
- Title:
- SDSS-II supernovae Ia cosmological analysis
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/763/88
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the cosmological analysis of 752 photometrically classified Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained from the full Sloan Digital Sky Survey II (SDSS-II) Supernova (SN) Survey, supplemented with host-galaxy spectroscopy from the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. Our photometric-classification method is based on the SN classification technique of Sako et al. (2011, Cat. J/ApJ/738/162), aided by host-galaxy redshifts (0.05<z<0.55). SuperNova ANAlysis simulations of our methodology estimate that we have an SN Ia classification efficiency of 70.8%, with only 3.9% contamination from core-collapse (non-Ia) SNe. We demonstrate that this level of contamination has no effect on our cosmological constraints. We quantify and correct for our selection effects (e.g., Malmquist bias) using simulations. When fitting to a flat {Lambda}CDM cosmological model, we find that our photometric sample alone gives {Omega}_m_=0.24^+0.07^_-0.05_ (statistical errors only). If we relax the constraint on flatness, then our sample provides competitive joint statistical constraints on {Omega}_m_ and {Omega}_{Lambda}_, comparable to those derived from the spectroscopically confirmed Three-year Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS3). Using only our data, the statistics-only result favors an accelerating universe at 99.96% confidence. Assuming a constant wCDM cosmological model, and combining with H_0_, cosmic microwave background, and luminous red galaxy data, we obtain w=-0.96^+0.10^_-0.10_, {Omega}_m_=0.29^+0.02^_-0.02_, and {Omega}_k_=0.00^+0.03^_-0.02_ (statistical errors only), which is competitive with similar spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia analyses. Overall this comparison is reassuring, considering the lower redshift leverage of the SDSS-II SN sample (z<0.55) and the lack of spectroscopic confirmation used herein. These results demonstrate the potential of photometrically classified SN Ia samples in improving cosmological constraints.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/592/A121
- Title:
- SDSS-IV eBOSS emission-line galaxy pilot survey
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/592/A121
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (SDSS-IV/eBOSS) will observe 195,000 emission-line galaxies (ELGs) to measure the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation standard ruler (BAO) at redshift 0.9. To test different ELG selection algorithms, based on data from several imaging surveys, 9,000 spectra were observed with the SDSS spectrograph as a pilot survey. First, using visual inspection and redshift quality flags, we find that the automated spectroscopic redshifts assigned by the pipeline meet the quality requirements for a robust BAO measurement. Also, we show the correlations between sky emission, signal-to-noise ratio in the emission lines and redshift error. Then we provide a detailed description of each target selection algorithm tested and compare them with the requirements of the eBOSS experiment. As a result, we provide robust redshift distributions for the different target selection schemes tested. Finally, we infer two optimal target selection algorithms to be applied on DECam photometry that fulfill the eBOSS survey electronic efficiency requirements.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/863/134
- Title:
- SDSS low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/863/134
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report a method of identifying candidate low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) imaging data, and present 3m Lick Observatory and 10m W.M. Keck Observatory optical spectroscopic observations of 94 new systems that have been discovered with this method. The candidate BCDs are selected from Data Release 12 (DR12) of SDSS on the basis of their photometric colors and morphologies. Using the Kast spectrometer on the 3m telescope, we confirm that the candidate low-metallicity BCDs are emission-line galaxies, and we make metallicity estimates using the empirical R and S calibration methods. Follow-up observations on a subset of the lowest-metallicity systems are made at Keck using the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer, which allow for a direct measurement of the oxygen abundance. We determine that 45 of the reported BCDs are low-metallicity candidates with 12+log(O/H)<=7.65, including six systems which are either confirmed or projected to be among the lowest-metallicity galaxies known, at 1/30 of the solar oxygen abundance, or 12+log(O/H)~7.20.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/769/52
- Title:
- SDSS luminous red galaxies concentrations
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/769/52
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The best gravitational lenses for detecting distant galaxies are those with the largest mass concentrations and the most advantageous configurations of that mass along the line of sight. Our new method for finding such gravitational telescopes uses optical data to identify projected concentrations of luminous red galaxies (LRGs). LRGs are biased tracers of the underlying mass distribution, so lines of sight with the highest total luminosity in LRGs are likely to contain the largest total mass. We apply this selection technique to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and identify the 200 fields with the highest total LRG luminosities projected within a 3.5' radius over the redshift range 0.1<=z<=0.7. The redshift and angular distributions of LRGs in these fields trace the concentrations of non-LRG galaxies. These fields are diverse; 22.5% contain one known galaxy cluster and 56.0% contain multiple known clusters previously identified in the literature. Thus, our results confirm that these LRGs trace massive structures and that our selection technique identifies fields with large total masses. These fields contain two to three times higher total LRG luminosities than most known strong-lensing clusters and will be among the best gravitational lensing fields for the purpose of detecting the highest redshift galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/718/392
- Title:
- SDSS Lyman limit systems at z~3.5
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/718/392
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We perform a semi-automated survey for {tau}_912_>=2 Lyman limit systems (LLSs) in quasar spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Data Release 7. From a starting sample of 2473 quasars with z_em_=3.6-5.0, we analyze 429 spectra meeting strict selection criteria for a total redshift path {Delta}z=93.8 and identify 190 intervening systems at z_LLS_>=3.3. We also perform a survey for proximate LLSs (PLLSs) and find that {l}_PLLS_(z) is systematically lower (~25%) than intervening systems.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/871/57
- Title:
- SDSS & MMT obs. of extremely massive QSOs & gal.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/871/57
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Black hole mass scaling relations suggest that extremely massive black holes (EMBHs) with M_BH_>~10^9.4^M_{sun}_ are found in the most massive galaxies with M_star_>~10^11.6^M_{sun}_, which are commonly found in dense environments, like galaxy clusters. Therefore, one can expect that there is a close connection between active EMBHs and dense environments. Here, we study the environments of 9461 galaxies and 2943 quasars at 0.24<~z<~0.40, among which 52 are extremely massive quasars with log(M_BH_/M_{sun}_)>=~9.4, using Sloan Digital Sky Survey and MMT Hectospec data. We find that, on average, both massive quasars and massive galaxies reside in environments more than ~2 times as dense as those of their less massive counterparts with log(M_BH_/M_{sun}_)<~9.0. However, massive quasars reside in environments about ~2 times less dense than inactive galaxies with log(M_BH_/M_{sun}_)>=9.4, and only about one third of massive quasars are found in galaxy clusters, while about two thirds of massive galaxies reside in such clusters. This indicates that massive galaxies are a much better signpost for galaxy clusters than massive quasars. The prevalence of massive quasars in moderate to low density environments is puzzling, considering that several simulation results show that these quasars appear to prefer dense environments. Several possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed, although further investigation is needed to obtain a definite explanation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/221/7
- Title:
- SDSS QSOs at z<0.8. II. New spectroscopic obs.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/221/7
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new spectroscopic observations that are part of our continuing monitoring campaign of 88 quasars at z<0.7 whose broad H{beta} lines are offset from their systemic redshifts by a few thousand km/s. These quasars have been considered as candidates for hosting supermassive black hole binaries (SBHBs) by analogy with single-lined spectroscopic binary stars. We present the data and describe our improved analysis techniques, which include an extensive evaluation of uncertainties. We also present a variety of measurements from the spectra that are of general interest and will be useful in later stages of our analysis. Additionally, we take this opportunity to study the variability of the optical continuum and integrated flux of the broad H{beta} line. We compare the variability properties of the SBHB candidates to those of a sample of typical quasars with similar redshifts and luminosities observed multiple times during the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We find that the variability properties of the two samples are similar (variability amplitudes of 10%-30% on timescales of approximately 1-7 years) and that their structure functions can be described by a common model with parameters characteristic of typical quasars. These results suggest that the broad-line regions of SBHB candidates have a similar extent as those of typical quasars. We discuss the implications of this result for the SBHB scenario and the ensuing constraints on the orbital parameters.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/123/567
- Title:
- SDSS quasar catalog, I: Early Data Release
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/123/567
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the first edition of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar Catalog. The catalog consists of the 3814 objects (3000 discovered by the SDSS) in the initial SDSS public data release that have at least one emission line with a full width at half-maximum larger than 1000 km/s, luminosities brighter than M_I*_=-23, and highly reliable redshifts. The area covered by the catalog is 494{deg}^2^ ; the majority of the objects were found in SDSS commissioning data using a multicolor selection technique. The quasar redshifts range from 0.15 to 5.03. For each object the catalog presents positions accurate to better than 0.2" rms per coordinate, five-band (ugriz) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.05 mag, radio and X-ray emission properties, and information on the morphology and selection method. Calibrated spectra of all objects in the catalog, covering the wavelength region 3800-9200{AA} at a spectral resolution of 1800-2100, are also available. Since the quasars were selected during the commissioning period, a time when the quasar selection algorithm was undergoing frequent revisions, the sample is not homogeneous and is not intended for statistical analysis.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/126/2579
- Title:
- SDSS quasar catalog. II. First data release
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/126/2579
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the second edition of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar Catalog. The catalog consists of the 16,713 objects in the SDSS First Data Release that have luminosities larger than M_i_=-22 (in a cosmology with H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, {Omega}_M_=0.3, and {Omega}_{Lambda}_=0.7), have at least one emission line with FWHM larger than 1000km/s, and have highly reliable redshifts. The area covered by the catalog is 1360{deg}^2^. The quasar redshifts range from 0.08 to 5.41, with a median value of 1.43. For each object, the catalog presents positions accurate to better than 0.2" rms per coordinate, five-band (ugriz) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03mag, and information on the morphology and selection method. The catalog also contains some radio, near-infrared, and X-ray emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. Calibrated digital spectra of all objects in the catalog, covering the wavelength region 3800-9200{AA} at a spectral resolution of 1800-2100, are available. This publication supersedes the first SDSS Quasar Catalog (2002, Cat. <J/AJ/123/567>), which was based on material from the SDSS Early Data Release. A summary of corrections to current quasar databases is also provided. The majority of the objects were found in SDSS commissioning data using a multicolor selection technique. Since the quasar selection algorithm was undergoing testing during the entire observational period covered by this catalog, care must be taken when assembling samples from the catalog for use in statistical studies. A total of 15786 objects (94%) in the catalog were discovered by the SDSS; 12173 of the SDSS discoveries are reported here for the first time. Included in the new discoveries are five quasars brighter than i=16.0 and 17 quasars with redshifts larger than 4.5.
