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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/NatAs/6.89
- Title:
- Upper Scorpius members
- Short Name:
- J/other/NatAs/6.
- Date:
- 03 Mar 2022 16:55:14
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The nature and origin of free-floating planets (FFPs) are still largely unconstrained because of a lack of large homogeneous samples to enable a statistical analysis of their properties. So far, most FFPs have been discovered using indirect methods; microlensing surveys have proved particularly successful to detect these objects down to a few Earth masses. However, the ephemeral nature of microlensing events prevents any follow-up observations and individual characterization. Several studies have identified FFPs in young stellar clusters and the Galactic field but their samples are small or heterogeneous in age and origin. Here we report the discovery of between 70 and 170 FFPs (depending on the assumed age) in the region encompassing Upper Scorpius and Ophiuchus, the closest young OB association to the Sun. We found an excess of FFPs by a factor of up to seven compared with core-collapse model predictions, demonstrating that other formation mechanisms may be at work. We estimate that ejection from planetary systems might have a contribution comparable to that of core collapse in the formation of FFPs. Therefore, ejections due to dynamical instabilities in giant exoplanet systems must be frequent within the first 10Myr of a system's life.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/333/619
- Title:
- Upper Scorpius OB association Lithium survey
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/333/619
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of an intermediate resolution spectroscopic survey for pre-main sequence (PMS) stars in the Upper Scorpius OB association. In a 160 square-degree area we were able to identify 39 new PMS stars by follow up observations of X-ray selected stars with the multi object spectrograph FLAIR at the UK Schmidt Telescope. We also investigated the completeness of our X-ray selected sample by observing more than 100 stars that were not detected as X-ray sources, but have proper motions indicating membership to Upper Sco. While the new X-ray selected PMS stars with known proper motions have kinematics consistent with membership, none of the X-ray quiet proper motion candidates is a PMS star. We conclude that our X-ray selected sample of PMS stars seems to be rather complete. For stars in the magnitude interval 11.5<~B<~13.5 we derive a conservative lower limit of 75% completeness.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/435/2474
- Title:
- USco ZYJHK1K2 photometry and proper motions
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/435/2474
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a deep ZYJ near-infrared survey of 13.5deg^2^ in the Upper Scorpius (USco) OB association. We photometrically selected ~100 cluster member candidates with masses in the range of 30-5 Jupiters, according to state-of-the-art evolutionary models. We identified 67 ZYJ candidates as bona fide members, based on complementary photometry and astrometry. We also extracted five candidates detected with Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy at YJ only. One is excluded using deep optical z-band imaging, while two are likely non-members, and three remain as potential members. We conclude that the USco mass function is more likely decreasing in the planetary-mass regime (although a flat mass function cannot yet be discarded), consistent with surveys in other regions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/94/519
- Title:
- uvby-beta Photometry of Cep OB3
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/94/519
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- (no description available)
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/139/1338
- Title:
- UV-selected stars in Tau and Upper Sco
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/139/1338
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have carried out a Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) Cycle 1 guest investigator program covering 56deg^2^ near the Taurus T association and 12deg^2^ along the northern edge of the Upper Scorpius OB association. We combined photometry in the GALEX far-ultraviolet and near-ultraviolet bands with data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey to identify candidate young (<~100Myr old) stars as those with an ultraviolet excess relative to older main-sequence stars. Follow-up spectroscopy of a partial sample of these candidates suggests five new members of Taurus, with 8-20 expected from additional observations, and five new members of Upper Scorpius, with three to six expected from additional observations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/731/28
- Title:
- UV star-forming association in spiral galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/731/28
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate recent star formation in the extended ultraviolet (XUV) disks of five nearby galaxies (NGC 0628, NGC 2090, NGC 2841, NGC 3621, and NGC 5055) using a long wavelength baseline comprised of ultraviolet and mid-infrared imaging from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer and the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera. We identify 229 unresolved stellar complexes across targeted portions of their XUV disks and utilize spectral energy distribution fitting to measure their stellar ages and masses through comparison with Starburst99 population synthesis models of instantaneous burst populations. We find that the median age of outer-disk associations in our sample is ~100Myr with a large dispersion that spans the entire range of our models (1Myr to 1Gyr). This relatively evolved state for most associations addresses the observed dearth of H{alpha} emission in some outer disks, as H{alpha} can only be observed in star-forming regions younger than ~10Myr. The large age dispersion is robust against variations in extinction (in the range E(B-V)=0-0.3mag) and variations in the upper end of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). In particular, we demonstrate that the age dispersion is insensitive to steepening of the IMF, up to extreme slopes.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/298/753
- Title:
- Variables in Cygnus OB2
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/298/753
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of the photometric CCD search for B-type variables in the central region of the Cygnus OB2 association. We discover 29 new variables including two Beta Cephei stars. The photometric data in the Cousins I band are given in file photom.dat. In addition, we present BV(RI)c and H_{alpha}_ photometry for stars in the observed field. This is Table 4 of the paper, available only in electronic form.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/194/27
- Title:
- Variable stars in Cygnus OB2
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/194/27
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of photometrically variable stars discovered within two 21.3'x21.3' fields centered on the Cygnus OB2 association (Cyg OB2). There have hitherto been no deep optical variability studies of Cyg OB2, despite it being replete with early-type massive stars, likely due to the high and variable extinction (up to A_V_~20) that permeates much of the region. Here, we provide results of the first variability study with this combination of spatial coverage (~0.5deg) and photometric depth (R~21mag). We find 121 stars to be variable in both R and I bands, 115 of them newly discovered. Of the 121 variables, we identify 27 eclipsing binaries and eclipsing-binary candidates, 52 pulsating variables, and 20 potential Herbig Ae/Be stars. Confirming both the status and the cluster membership of the Herbig Ae/Be stars would address the uncertainty regarding the age and star formation history of Cyg OB2. We match our catalog to known variables and binaries in the region, Two Micron All Sky Survey near-IR data, and Chandra X-ray observations to find counterparts to new variables in other wavelengths.
410. Vela OB2 members
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/621/A115
- Title:
- Vela OB2 members
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/621/A115
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Vela OB2 association is a group of 10Myr stars exhibiting a complex spatial and kinematic substructure. The all-sky Gaia DR2 catalogue contains proper motions, parallaxes (a proxy for distance) and photometry that allow us to separate the various components of Vela OB2. We characterise the distribution of the Vela OB2 stars on a large spatial scale, and study its internal kinematics and dynamic history. We make use of Gaia DR2 astrometry and published Gaia-ESO Survey data. We apply an unsupervised classification algorithm to determine groups of stars with common proper motions and parallaxes. We find that the association is made up of a number of small groups, with a total current mass over 2330M_{sun}_. The three-dimensional distribution of these young stars trace the edge of the gas and dust structure known as the IRAS Vela Shell across 180 pc and shows clear signs of expansion. We propose a common history for Vela OB2 and the IRAS Vela Shell. The event that caused the expansion of the shell happened before the Vela OB2 stars formed, imprinted the expansion in the gas the stars formed from, and most likely triggered star formation.
