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991. Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) revisited
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/837/120
Title:
Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) revisited
Short Name:
J/ApJ/837/120
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Most types of supernovae (SNe) have yet to be connected with their progenitor stellar systems. Here, we reanalyze the 10-year SN sample collected during 1998-2008 by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS; see Leaman+, 2011, J/MNRAS/412/1419) in order to constrain the progenitors of SNe Ia and stripped-envelope SNe (SE SNe, i.e., SNe IIb, Ib, Ic, and broad-lined Ic). We matched the LOSS galaxy sample with spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and measured SN rates as a function of galaxy stellar mass, specific star formation rate, and oxygen abundance (metallicity). We find significant correlations between the SN rates and all three galaxy properties. The SN Ia correlations are consistent with other measurements, as well as with our previous explanation of these measurements in the form of a combination of the SN Ia delay-time distribution and the correlation between galaxy mass and age. The ratio between the SE SN and SN II rates declines significantly in low-mass galaxies. This rules out single stars as SE SN progenitors, and is consistent with predictions from binary-system progenitor models. Using well-known galaxy scaling relations, any correlation between the rates and one of the galaxy properties examined here can be expressed as a correlation with the other two. These redundant correlations preclude us from establishing causality-that is, from ascertaining which of the galaxy properties (or their combination) is the physical driver for the difference between the SE SN and SN II rates. We outline several methods that have the potential to overcome this problem in future works.
992. Lightcurves of 12 NEAs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/511/A49
Title:
Lightcurves of 12 NEAs
Short Name:
J/A+A/511/A49
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Very small asteroids (VSAs) are thought to be the building blocks of larger asteroids and, as such, are interesting to study. Many of these monolithic or deeply fractured objects display rapid rotations with periods as short as several minutes. Observations of such asteroids can reveal their spin limits, which can be related to the tensile strength of their interiors. The evolution of the spins of these objects is primarily shaped by the YORP effect, the theory of which needs comparison with observations. With the 10m SALT telescope, we observed VSAs belonging to near-Earth asteroids. The obtained lightcurves were used to derive synodical periods of rotation, amplitudes, and elongations of these bodies. Results for 14 rapidly rotating asteroids were reported in the first paper in this series. Here we show lightcurves of 2 fast rotators, 9 objects with periods >=1h, and a possible non-principal axis rotator. We also list negative detections that most probably indicate asteroids with long periods and/or low amplitudes. Combining our results with the data from the literature, we obtain a set of 79 near-Earth VSAs with a median period of 0.25h (15min). By adjusting the spin limits predicted by theory to those observations, we find tentative evidence that the tensile strengths of VSAs, after scaling them to the same size, are of the same order as the minimum tensile strengths of stony meteoroids that undergo fragmentation under the atmospheric load.
993. Lightcurves of 14 NEAs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/509/A94
Title:
Lightcurves of 14 NEAs
Short Name:
J/A+A/509/A94
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We report first results from our extensive survey of the very small (H>21.5mag) near-Earth asteroids. Our aim was to obtain photometric lightcurves for these faint, fast moving objects and to measure their rotation periods and amplitudes of light variations. These parameters can be used to make statistical analysis of the still little known population of the smallest asteroids, test present theories of the YORP effect as well as to study their spin limits, which are connected with their internal structure. Due to the faintness of the targets and the expected short periods of rotation, observations were performed with the large, 10-m SALT telescope in SAAO (South Africa). For most asteroids, V filter images with exposure times of 5-60 seconds were obtained with the instrument's SALTICAM's CCD camera. Even though the non-sidereal tracking was not available, the SALTICAM's relatively large field-of-view of 8'x8' helped to perform the relative photometry of the fast-moving targets. The presented asteroids have synodic periods ranging from 77s to 44min, effective diameters from 21 to 94m, and significantly elongated shapes.
994. Likelihood method for QSOs selection
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/743/125
Title:
Likelihood method for QSOs selection
Short Name:
J/ApJ/743/125
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present a new method for quasar target selection using photometric fluxes and a Bayesian probabilistic approach. For our purposes, we target quasars using Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry to a magnitude limit of g=22. The efficiency and completeness of this technique are measured using the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) data taken in 2010. This technique was used for the uniformly selected (CORE) sample of targets in BOSS year-one spectroscopy to be realized in the ninth SDSS data release. When targeting at a density of 40 objects deg^-2^ (the BOSS quasar targeting density), the efficiency of this technique in recovering z>2.2 quasars is 40%. The completeness compared to all quasars identified in BOSS data is 65%. This paper also describes possible extensions and improvements for this technique.
995. LINEAR. II. Catalog of RR Lyrae stars
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/146/21
Title:
LINEAR. II. Catalog of RR Lyrae stars
Short Name:
J/AJ/146/21
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present a sample of ~5000 RR Lyrae stars selected from the recalibrated LINEAR data set and detected at heliocentric distances between 5kpc and 30kpc over ~8000 deg^2^ of sky. The coordinates and light curve properties, such as period and Oosterhoff type, are made publicly available. We analyze in detail the light curve properties and Galactic distribution of the subset of ~4000 type ab RR Lyrae (RRab) stars, including a search for new halo substructures and the number density distribution as a function of Oosterhoff type. We find evidence for the Oosterhoff dichotomy among field RR Lyrae stars, with the ratio of the type II and I subsamples of about 1:4, but with a weaker separation than for globular cluster stars. The wide sky coverage and depth of this sample allow unique constraints for the number density distribution of halo RRab stars as a function of galactocentric distance: it can be described as an oblate ellipsoid with an axis ratio q=0.63 and with either a single or a double power law with a power-law index in the range -2 to -3. Consistent with previous studies, we find that the Oosterhoff type II subsample has a steeper number density profile than the Oosterhoff type I subsample. Using the group-finding algorithm EnLink, we detected seven candidate halo groups, only one of which is statistically spurious. Three of these groups are near globular clusters (M53/NGC 5053, M3, M13), and one is near a known halo substructure (Virgo Stellar Stream); the remaining three groups do not seem to be near any known halo substructures or globular clusters and seem to have a higher ratio of Oosterhoff type II to Oosterhoff type I RRab stars than what is found in the halo. The extended morphology and the position (outside the tidal radius) of some of the groups near globular clusters are suggestive of tidal streams possibly originating from globular clusters. Spectroscopic follow-up of detected halo groups is encouraged.
996. LINEAR. III. Catalog of periodic variables
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/146/101
Title:
LINEAR. III. Catalog of periodic variables
Short Name:
J/AJ/146/101
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We describe the construction of a highly reliable sample of ~7000 optically faint periodic variable stars with light curves obtained by the asteroid survey LINEAR across 10000deg^2^ of the northern sky. The majority of these variables have not been cataloged yet. The sample flux limit is several magnitudes fainter than most other wide-angle surveys; the photometric errors range from ~0.03mag at r=15 to ~0.20mag at r=18. Light curves include on average 250 data points, collected over about a decade. Using Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) based photometric recalibration of the LINEAR data for about 25 million objects, we selected ~200000 most probable candidate variables with r<17 and visually confirmed and classified ~7000 periodic variables using phased light curves. The reliability and uniformity of visual classification across eight human classifiers was calibrated and tested using a catalog of variable stars from the SDSS Stripe 82 region and verified using an unsupervised machine learning approach. The resulting sample of periodic LINEAR variables is dominated by 3900 RR Lyrae stars and 2700 eclipsing binary stars of all subtypes and includes small fractions of relatively rare populations such as asymptotic giant branch stars and SX Phoenicis stars. We discuss the distribution of these mostly uncataloged variables in various diagrams constructed with optical-to-infrared SDSS, Two Micron All Sky Survey, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer photometry, and with LINEAR light-curve features. We find that the combination of light-curve features and colors enables classification schemes much more powerful than when colors or light curves are each used separately. An interesting side result is a robust and precise quantitative description of a strong correlation between the light-curve period and color/spectral type for close and contact eclipsing binary stars ({beta} Lyrae and W UMa): as the color-based spectral type varies from K4 to F5, the median period increases from 5.9hr to 8.8hr. These large samples of robustly classified variable stars will enable detailed statistical studies of the Galactic structure and physics of binary and other stars and we make these samples publicly available.
997. Line ratios in z~2-3 galaxies from KBSS-MOSFIRE
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/795/165
Title:
Line ratios in z~2-3 galaxies from KBSS-MOSFIRE
Short Name:
J/ApJ/795/165
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present initial results of a deep near-IR spectroscopic survey covering the 15 fields of the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey using the recently commissioned MOSFIRE spectrometer on the Keck 1 telescope. We focus on a sample of 251 galaxies with redshifts 2.0<z<2.6, star formation rates (SFRs) 2<~SFR<~200 M_{sun}_/yr, and stellar masses 8.6<log(M_*_/M_{sun}_)<11.4, with high-quality spectra in both H- and K-band atmospheric windows. We show unambiguously that the locus of z~2.3 galaxies in the "BPT" nebular diagnostic diagram exhibits an almost entirely disjointed, yet similarly tight, relationship between the line ratios [N II] {lambda}6585/H{alpha} and [O III]/H{beta} as compared to local galaxies. Using photoionization models, we argue that the offset of the z~2.3 BPT locus relative to that at z~0 is caused by a combination of harder stellar ionizing radiation field, higher ionization parameter, and higher N/O at a given O/H compared to most local galaxies, and that the position of a galaxy along the z~2.3 star-forming BPT locus is surprisingly insensitive to gas-phase oxygen abundance. The observed nebular emission line ratios are most easily reproduced by models in which the net stellar ionizing radiation field resembles a blackbody with effective temperature T_eff_=50000-60000 K, the gas-phase oxygen abundances lie in the range 0.2<Z/Z_{sun}_<1.0, and the ratio of gas-phase N/O is close to the solar value. We critically assess the applicability at high redshift of commonly used strong line indices for estimating gas-phase metallicity, and consider the implications of the small intrinsic scatter of the empirical relationship between excitation-sensitive line indices and M_*_(i.e., the "mass-metallicity" relation) at z=~2.3.
998. List of SEGUE plate pairs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/137/4377
Title:
List of SEGUE plate pairs
Short Name:
J/AJ/137/4377
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (SEGUE) Survey obtained ~240000 moderate-resolution (R~1800) spectra from 3900{AA} to 9000{AA} of fainter Milky Way stars (14.0<g<20.3) of a wide variety of spectral types, both main-sequence and evolved objects, with the goal of studying the kinematics and populations of our Galaxy and its halo. The spectra are clustered in 212 regions spaced over three quarters of the sky. Radial velocity accuracies for stars are {sigma}(RV)~4km/s at g<18, degrading to {sigma}(RV)~15km/s at g~20. For stars with signal-to-noise ratio >10 per resolution element, stellar atmospheric parameters are estimated, including metallicity, surface gravity, and effective temperature. SEGUE obtained 3500deg^2^ of additional ugriz imaging (primarily at low Galactic latitudes) providing precise multicolor photometry ({sigma}(g,r,i) ~2%), ({sigma}(u,z)~3%) and astrometry (~0.1") for spectroscopic target selection. The stellar spectra, imaging data, and derived parameter catalogs for this survey are publicly available as part of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. Individual images of spectra in this data set may be examined by fetching from the DAS, with a link like wget http://das.sdss.org/spectro/1d_26/1880/gif/spPlot-53262-1880-014.gif A FITS data file of the calibrated 1D spectrum is available from wget http://das.sdss.org/spectro/1d_26/1880/1d/spSpec-53262-1880-014.fit
999. List of Telescope Array events with E > 57EeV
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/790/L21
Title:
List of Telescope Array events with E > 57EeV
Short Name:
J/ApJ/790/L21
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We have searched for intermediate-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with energies above 57 EeV in the northern sky using data collected over a 5 yr period by the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment. We report on a cluster of events that we call the hotspot, found by oversampling using 20{deg} radius circles. The hotspot has a Li-Ma statistical significance of 5.1{sigma}, and is centered at RA = 146.{deg}7, DE = 43.{deg}2. The position of the hotspot is about 19{deg} off of the supergalactic plane. The probability of a cluster of events of 5.1{sigma} significance, appearing by chance in an isotropic cosmic-ray sky, is estimated to be 3.7x10^-4^ (3.4{sigma}).
1000. Lists of arm and interarm supernovae
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/459/3130
Title:
Lists of arm and interarm supernovae
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/459/3130
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Using a sample of 215 supernovae (SNe), we analyse their positions relative to the spiral arms of their host galaxies, distinguishing grand-design (GD) spirals from non-GD (NGD) galaxies. We find that: (1) in GD galaxies, an offset exists between the positions of Ia and core-collapse (CC) SNe relative to the peaks of arms, while in NGD galaxies the positions show no such shifts; (2) in GD galaxies, the positions of CC SNe relative to the peaks of arms are correlated with the radial distance from the galaxy nucleus. Inside (outside) the corotation radius, CC SNe are found closer to the inner (outer) edge. No such correlation is observed for SNe in NGD galaxies nor for SNe Ia in either galaxy class; (3) in GD galaxies, SNe Ibc occur closer to the leading edges of the arms than do SNe II, while in NGD galaxies they are more concentrated towards the peaks of arms. In both samples of hosts, the distributions of SNe Ia relative to the arms have broader wings. These observations suggest that shocks in spiral arms of GD galaxies trigger star formation in the leading edges of arms affecting the distributions of CC SNe (known to have short-lived progenitors). The closer locations of SNe Ibc versus SNe II relative to the leading edges of the arms supports the belief that SNe Ibc have more massive progenitors. SNe Ia having less massive and older progenitors, have more time to drift away from the leading edge of the spiral arms.