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631. AGN data and absorption-line measurements
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/607/A48
Title:
AGN data and absorption-line measurements
Short Name:
J/A+A/607/A48
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The Milky Way is surrounded by large amounts of diffuse gaseous matter that connects the stellar body of our Galaxy with its large-scale Local Group (LG) environment. To characterize the absorption properties of this circumgalactic medium (CGM) and its relation to the LG we present the so-far largest survey of metal absorption in Galactic high-velocity clouds (HVCs) using archival ultraviolet (UV) spectra of extragalactic background sources. The UV data are obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and are supplemented by 21cm radio observations of neutral hydrogen. Along 270 sightlines we measure metal absorption in the lines of SiII, SiIII, CII, and CIV and associated HI 21cm emission in HVCs in the velocity range |v_LSR_|=100-500km/s. With this unprecedented large HVC sample we were able to improve the statistics on HVC covering fractions, ionization conditions, small-scale structure, CGM mass, and inflow rate. For the first time, we determine robustly the angular two point correlation function of the high-velocity absorbers, systematically analyze antipodal sightlines on the celestial sphere, and compare the HVC absorption characteristics with that of Damped Lyman alpha absorbers (DLAs) and constrained cosmological simulations of the LG (CLUES project). The overall sky-covering fraction of high-velocity absorption is 77+/-6 percent for the most sensitive ion in our survey, SiIII, and for column densities log N(SiIII)>12.1. This value is 4-5 times higher than the covering fraction of 21 cm neutral hydrogen emission at log N(HI)>18.7 along the same lines of sight, demonstrating that the Milky Way's CGM is multi-phase and predominantly ionized. The measured equivalent-width ratios of SiII, SiIII, CII, and CIV are inhomogeneously distributed on large and small angular scales, suggesting a complex spatial distribution of multi-phase gas that surrounds the neutral 21cm HVCs. We estimate that the total mass and accretion rate of the neutral and ionized CGM traced by HVCs is M_HVC_>3.0x10^9^M_{sun}_ and dM_HVC_/dt>6.1M_{sun}_/yr, where the Magellanic Stream (MS) contributes with more than 90 percent to this mass/mass-flow. If seen from an external vantage point, the Milky Way disk plus CGM would appear as a DLA that would exhibit for most viewing angles an extraordinary large velocity spread of dv=400-800km/s, a result of the complex kinematics of the Milky Way CGM that is dominated by the presence of the MS. We detect a velocity dipole of high-velocity absorption at low/high galactic latitudes that we associate with LG gas that streams to the LG barycenter. This scenario is supported by the gas kinematics predicted from the LG simulations. Our study confirms previous results, indicating that the Milky Way CGM contains sufficient gaseous material to feed the Milky Way disk over the next Gyr at a rate of a few solar masses per year, if the CGM gas can actually reach the MW disk. We demonstrate that the CGM is composed of discrete gaseous structures that exhibit a large-scale kinematics together with small-scale variations in physical conditions. The MS clearly dominates both the cross section and mass flow of high-velocity gas in the Milky Way's CGM. The possible presence of high-velocity LG gas underlines the important role of the local cosmological environment in the large-scale gas-circulation processes in and around the Milky Way.
632. AGN data and absorption-line measurements
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/590/A68
Title:
AGN data and absorption-line measurements
Short Name:
J/A+A/590/A68
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Doubly ionized silicon (SiIII) is a powerful tracer of diffuse ionized gas inside and outside of galaxies.It can be observed in the local Universe in ultraviolet (UV) absorption against bright extragalactic background sources. We here present an extensive study of intervening SiIII-selected absorbers and study the properties of the warm circumgalactic medium (CGM) around low-redshift (z<0.1) galaxies. We analyzed the UV absorption spectra of 303 extragalactic background sources, as obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) on-board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We developed a geometrical model for the absorption-cross section of the CGM around the local galaxy population and compared the observed SiIII absorption statistics with predictions provided by the model. We also compared redshifts and positions of the absorbers with those of ~64,000 galaxies using archival galaxy-survey data to investigate the relation between intervening SiIII absorbers and the CGM. Along a total redshift path of {Delta}z~24, we identify 69 intervening SiIII systems that all show associated absorption from other low and high ions (e.g., HI, SiII, SiIV, CII, CIV). We derive a bias-corrected number density of dN/dz(SiIII)=2.5+/-0.4 for absorbers with column densities log N(SiIII)>12.2, which is ~3 times the number density of strong MgII systems at z=0. This number density matches the expected cross section of a SiIII absorbing CGM around the local galaxy population with a mean covering fraction of <f_c_>=0.69. For the majority (~60 percent) of the absorbers, we identify possible host galaxies within 300km/s of the absorbers and derive impact parameters {rho}<200kpc, demonstrating that the spatial distributions of SiIII absorbers and galaxies are highly correlated. Our study indicates that the majority of SiIII-selected absorbers in our sample trace the CGM of nearby galaxies within their virial radii at a typical covering fraction of ~70 percent. We estimate that diffuse gas in the CGM around galaxies, as traced by SiIII contains substantially more (more than twice as much) baryonic mass than their neutral interstellar medium.
633. AGN-driven winds through IR emission. II.
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/486/4290
Title:
AGN-driven winds through IR emission. II.
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/486/4290
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The global influence of AGN-driven outflows remains uncertain, due to a lack of large samples with accurately-determined outflow properties. In the second paper of this series, we determine the mass and energetics of ionized outflows is 234 type II AGN, the largest such sample to date, by combining the infrared emission of the dust in the wind (Paper I, Baron & Netzer, 2019MNRAS.482.3915B) with the emission line properties. We provide new general expressions for the properties of the outflowing gas, which depend on the ionization state of the gas. We also present a novel method to estimate the electron density in the outflow, based on optical line ratios and on the known location of the wind. The inferred electron densities, n_e_~10^4.5^cm^^-3^, are two orders of magnitude larger than typically assumed in most other cases of ionized outflows. We argue that the discrepancy is due to the fact that the commonly-used [SII]-based method underestimates the true density by a large factor. As a result, the inferred mass outflow rates and kinetic coupling efficiencies are dM/dt_out_~10^-2^(dM_{sun}_/yr) and epsilon=dE/dt_kin_/L_bol_~10^-5^ respectively, 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than previous estimates. Our analysis suggests the existence of a significant amount of neutral atomic gas at the back of the outflowing ionized gas clouds, with mass that is a factor of a few larger than the observed ionized gas mass. This has significant implications for the estimated mass and energetics of such flows.
634. AGN effect on cold gas in distant SFGs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/654/A165
Title:
AGN effect on cold gas in distant SFGs
Short Name:
J/A+A/654/A165
Date:
22 Feb 2022
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
In the framework of a systematic study with the ALMA interferometer of infrared (IR)-selected main sequence and starburst galaxies at z~1-1.7 at typical ~1" resolution, we report on the effects of mid-IR and X-ray detected active galactic nuclei (AGN) on the reservoirs and excitation of molecular gas in a sample of 55 objects. We find widespread detectable nuclear activity in ~30% of the sample. The presence of dusty tori influences the IR spectral energy distribution of galaxies, as highlighted by the strong correlation among the AGN contribution to the total IR luminosity budget (fAGN=LIR_AGN_/LIR), its hard X-ray emission, and the Rayleigh-Jeans to mid-IR (S_1.2mm_/S_24um_) observed color with evident consequences on the ensuing empirical star formation rate estimates. Nevertheless, we find only marginal effects of the presence and strength of AGN on the carbon monoxide CO (J=2,4,5,7) or neutral carbon ([CI](3P1-3P0), [CI](3P2-3P1)) line luminosities and on the derived molecular gas excitation as gauged by line ratios and the full spectral line energy distributions. The [CI] and CO emission up to J=5,7 thus primarily traces the properties of the host in typical IR luminous galaxies. However, our analysis highlights the existence of a large variety of line luminosities and ratios despite the homogeneous selection. In particular, we find a sparse group of AGN-dominated sources with the highest LIR_AGN_/LIR_SFR_>=3 ratios that are more luminous in CO(5-4) than what predicted by the L_CO(5-4)_-LIR_SFR_ relation, which might be the result of the nuclear activity. For the general population, our findings translate into AGN having minimal effects on quantities such as gas and dust fractions and star formation efficiencies. If anything, we find hints of a marginal tendency of AGN hosts to be compact at far-IR wavelengths and to display 1.8x larger dust optical depths. In general, this is consistent with a marginal impact of the nuclear activity on the gas reservoirs and star formation in average star-forming AGN hosts with LIR>5x10^11^L_{sun}_, typically under-represented in surveys of quasars and sub-millimeter galaxies.
635. AGN emission line properties
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/143/257
Title:
AGN emission line properties
Short Name:
J/ApJS/143/257
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present measurements of the UV/optical emission line parameters in a sample of 158 active galactic nuclei observed with the Faint Object Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), prior to the installation of COSTAR. We use an automated technique that accounts for galactic reddening, includes iron emission blends, galactic and intrinsic absorption lines, and performs multicomponent fits to the emission line profiles. We present measured line parameters (equivalent width and FWHM) for a large number (28) of different UV/optical lines, including upper limits for undetected lines.
636. AGN feedback
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/471/28
Title:
AGN feedback
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/471/28
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Several studies support the existence of a link between the active galactic nucleus (AGN) and star formation activity. Radio jets have been argued to be an ideal mechanism for direct interaction between the AGN and the host galaxy. A drawback of previous surveys of AGN is that they are fundamentally limited by the degeneracy between redshift and luminosity in flux-density limited samples. To overcome this limitation, we present far-infrared Herschel observations of 74 radio-loud quasars (RLQs), 72 radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) and 27 radio galaxies (RGs), selected at 0.9<z<1.1, which span over two decades in optical luminosity. By decoupling luminosity from evolutionary effects, we investigate how the star formation rate (SFR) depends on AGN luminosity, radio-loudness and orientation. We find that (1) the SFR shows a weak correlation with the bolometric luminosity for all AGN sub-samples, (2) the RLQs show an SFR excess of about a factor of 1.4 compared to the RQQs, matched in terms of black hole mass and bolometric luminosity, suggesting that either positive radio-jet feedback or radio AGN triggering is linked to star formation triggering, and (3) RGs have lower SFRs by a factor of 2.5 than the RLQ sub-sample with the same BH mass and bolometric luminosity. We suggest that there is some jet power threshold at which radio-jet feedback switches from enhancing star formation (by compressing gas) to suppressing it (by ejecting gas). This threshold depends on both galaxy mass and jet power.
637. AGN feedback from CO observations
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/562/A21
Title:
AGN feedback from CO observations
Short Name:
J/A+A/562/A21
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We study the properties of massive, galactic-scale outflows of molecular gas and investigate their impact on galaxy evolution. We present new IRAM PdBI CO(1-0) observations of local ULIRGs and QSO hosts: clear signature of massive and energetic molecular outflows, extending on kpc scales, is found in the CO(1-0) kinematics of four out of seven sources, with measured outflow rates of several 100M_{sun}_/yr. We combine these new observations with data from the literature, and explore the nature and origin of massive molecular outflows within an extended sample of 19 local galaxies.
638. AGN Fermi/LAT {gamma}-ray and 37GHz fluxes
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/535/A69
Title:
AGN Fermi/LAT {gamma}-ray and 37GHz fluxes
Short Name:
J/A+A/535/A69
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Although the Fermi mission has increased our knowledge of {gamma}-ray AGN, many questions remain, such as the site of {gamma}-ray production, the emission mechanism, and the factors that govern the strength of the emission. Using data from a high radio band, 37GHz, uncontaminated by other radiation components besides the jet emission, we study these questions with averaged flux densities over the the first year of Fermi operations. We look for possible correlations between the 100MeV-100GeV band used by the Fermi satellite and 37GHz radio band observed at the Aalto University Metsahovi Radio Telescope, as well as for differences between the {gamma}-ray emission of different AGN subsamples. We use data averaged over the 1FGL period. Our sample includes 249 northern AGN, including a complete sample of 68 northern AGN with a measured average flux density exceeding 1Jy.
639. AGN from RASS and SDSS DR5
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/133/313
Title:
AGN from RASS and SDSS DR5
Short Name:
J/AJ/133/313
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We describe further results of a program aimed at yielding ~104 fully characterized optical identifications of ROSAT X-ray sources. Our program employs X-ray data from the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) and both optical imaging and spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). RASS/SDSS data from 5740deg^2^ of sky spectroscopically covered in SDSS Data Release 5 provide an expanded catalog of 7000 confirmed quasars and other active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that are probable RASS identifications. Again, in our expanded catalog the identifications as X-ray sources are statistically secure, with only a few percent of the SDSS AGNs likely to be randomly superposed on unrelated RASS X-ray sources.
640. AGN from the RASS
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/110/469
Title:
AGN from the RASS
Short Name:
J/A+AS/110/469
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
This paper presents long slit CCD spectroscopy and X-ray data of 283 AGN detected in the ROSAT-All Sky Survey (RASS). Basis of the sample is the pre-identification of 4651 RASS sources on 134 sky fields (covering in total ~3500sq.deg.). The 283 presented AGN were selected from 1253 AGN candidates resulting from the pre-identification work.