- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xmmsscgps
- Title:
- XMM-Newton Survey Science Center Survey of the Galactic Plane
- Short Name:
- XMMSSCGPS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Many different classes of X-ray sources contribute to the Galactic landscape at high energies. Although the nature of the most luminous X-ray emitters is now fairly well understood, the population of low-to-medium X-ray luminosity (L<sub>X</sub> = 10<sup>27</sup> - 10<sup>34</sup> erg/s) sources remains much less studied, our knowledge being mostly based on the observation of local members. The advent of wide-field and high-sensitivity X-ray telescopes such as XMM-Newton now offers the opportunity to observe this low-to-medium L<sub>X</sub> population at large distances. This study reports the results of a Galactic plane survey conducted by the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre (SSC). Beyond its astrophysical goals, this survey aims at gathering a representative sample of identified X-ray sources at low latitude that can be used later on to statistically identify the rest of the serendipitous sources discovered in the Milky Way. The survey is based on 26 XMM-Newton observations, obtained at |b| < 20 degrees, distributed over a large range in Galactic longitudes and covering a summed area of 4 deg<sup>2</sup>. The flux limit of this survey is 2 x 10<sup>-15</sup> erg/cm<sup>2</sup>/s in the soft (0.5 - 2 keV) band and 1 x 10<sup>-14</sup> erg/cm<sup>2</sup>/s in the hard (2 - 1 2keV) band. A total of 1319 individual X-ray sources have been detected. Using optical follow-up observations supplemented by cross-correlation with a large range of multi-wavelength archival catalogs, the authors identify 316 X-ray sources. This constitutes the largest group of spectroscopically identified low-latitude X-ray sources at this flux level. The majority of the identified X-ray sources are active coronae with spectral types in the range A to M at maximum distances of ~1 kpc. The number of identified active stars increases towards late spectral types, reaching a maximum at K. Using infrared colors, the authors classify 18% of the stars as giants. The observed distributions of F<sub>X</sub>/F<sub>V</sub>, X-ray and infrared colors indicates that their sample is dominated by a young (100 Myr) to intermediate (600 Myr) age population with a small contribution of close main-sequence or evolved binaries. The authors find other interesting objects such as cataclysmic variables (d ~ 0.6 - 2 kpc), low-luminosity high-mass stars (likely belonging to the class of Gamma-Cas-like systems, d ~ 1.5 - 7 kpc), T Tauri and Herbig-Ae stars. A handful of extragalactic sources located in the highest Galactic latitude fields could be optically identified. For the 20 fields observed with the EPIC pn camera, the authors have constructed log N(>S) - log S curves in the soft and hard bands. In the soft band, the majority of the sources are positively identified with active coronae and the fraction of stars increases by about one order of magnitude from b = 60 degrees to b = 0 degrees at an X-ray flux of 2 x 10<sup>-14</sup> erg/cm<sup>2</sup>/s. The hard band is dominated by extragalactic sources, but there is a small contribution from a hard Galactic population formed by CVs, HMXB candidates or Gamma-Cas-like systems and by some active coronal stars that are also detected in the soft band. At b = 0 degrees, the surface density of hard sources brighter than 1 x 10<sup>-13</sup> erg/cm<sup>2</sup>/s steeply increases by one order of magnitude from l = 20 degrees to the Galactic center region (l = 0.9 degrees). This HEASARC table contains 739 X-ray sources detected in the 26 different fields observed in this study and listed in Tables 8 - 33, inclusive, of the reference paper. These 739 sources have the best XMM quality, i.e. the summary flag sum_flag which contains information about flags set automatically and manually for a given source is zero, meaning that there are no negative flags for the source detection, have either a 2MASS, USNO, GSC, or SDSS counterpart, whatever the probability of identification is, or have some information via SIMBAD or the authors own imaging or spectroscopic observations. For each X-ray source, its X-ray parameters are summarized, listing the pn count rates, and information on optical and infrared counterparts is provided. The properties of the 26 target fields are given in Table 1 of the reference paper, along with the breakdown of source classes in each field. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2013 based on <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/553/A12">CDS Catalog J/A+A/553/A12</a>, the 26 files table8.dat to table33.dat, inclusive. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xwas
- Title:
- XMM-Newton Wide Angle Survey
- Short Name:
- XWAS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains results from the XMM-Newton Wide Angle Survey (XWAS), viz., a new catalog of almost a thousand X-ray sources that have been spectroscopically identified through optical observations. The sources lie in high-galactic latitude (|b| > 20 degrees) XMM-Newton fields mainly in the southern hemisphere. A sample of X-ray sources detected in 68 XMM-Newton pointed observations was selected for optical multi-fiber spectroscopy. Optical counterparts and corresponding photometry of the X-ray sources were obtained from the SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey. Candidates for spectroscopy were initially selected with magnitudes down to R ~ 21, with preference for X-ray sources having a flux F<sub>0.5-4.5keV</sub> >= 10<sup>-14</sup> erg/s/cm<sup>2</sup>. Optical spectroscopic observations were made using the Two Degree Field of the Anglo-Australian Telescope, and the resulting spectra were classified based on optical emission lines. The authors have identified through optical spectroscopy 940 X-ray sources over a solid angle Omega ~ 11.8 deg<sup>2</sup> of the sky. Source populations in their sample can be summarized as 65% broad-line active galactic nuclei (BLAGN), 16% narrow emission-line galaxies (NELGs), 6% absorption-line galaxies (ALGs) and 13% stars. An active nucleus is also likely to be present in the large majority of the X-ray sources spectroscopically classified as NELGs or ALGs. Optical images are available for all of the XWAS fields in the SuperCOSMOS Sky Survey (Hambly et al., 2001, MNRAS, 326, 1279). This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2017 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/557/A123">CDS Catalog J/A+A/557/A123</a> file xwas_cat.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xmmxassist
- Title:
- XMM-Newton XAssist Source List
- Short Name:
- XMM/XAssist
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This database table contains the latest XMM-Newton XAssist source list. XAssist is a NASA-funded project for the automation of X-ray astrophysics, with emphasis on galaxies. It is capable of data reprocessing, source detection, and preliminary spatial, temporal, and spectral analysis for all sources with sufficient counts. The bulk of the system is written in Python, which in turn drives underlying software to process the XMM-Newton data. Pipelines running on XMM-Newton observations of galaxies have generated the source list which comprises this HEASARC table. The pipeline also includes fields requested by users for various projects, most notably observations of a sample of quasars and several deep field observations have been processed. Note that the pipline processing is completely automated; therefore, users should visually inspect the results of any queries. This table was first created by the HEASARC in July 2005 based on the XMM source list available at the XAssist website. In December 2012, the HEASARC switched over to using the "pipeline5" XMM source list. It is updated on a weekly basis when and if the XAssist source list file at <a href="https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/xassist/pipeline5/xmm/master_srclist.csv">https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/xassist/pipeline5/xmm/master_srclist.csv</a> is updated. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xmmssclwbs
- Title:
- XMM-Newton 2XMMi-DR3 Selected Source Classifications Catalog
- Short Name:
- XMMSSCLWBS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The authors have carried out a classification of 4,330 X-ray sources in the 2XMMi-DR3 catalog. The sources were selected under the requirement of being a point source with multiple XMM-Newton observations and at least one detection with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than 20. For about one-third of the sources, the authors are able to obtain reliable source types from the literature. They mostly correspond to various types of stars (611), active galactic nuclei (AGNs, 753), and compact object systems (138) containing white dwarfs, neutron stars, and stellar-mass black holes. The authors find that about 99% of stars can be separated from other source types based on their low X-ray-to-IR flux ratios and frequent X-ray flares. AGNs have remarkably similar X-ray spectra, with the power-law photon index centered around 1.91 +/- 0.31, and their 0.2-4.5 keV flux long-term variation factors have a median of 1.48, with 98.5% being less than 10. In contrast, 70% of compact object systems can be very soft or hard, highly variable in X-rays, and/or have very large X-ray-to-IR flux ratios, separating them from AGNs. Using these results, the authors derive a source type classification scheme to classify the other sources and find 644 candidate stars, 1,376 candidate AGNs, and 202 candidate compact object systems, whose false identification probabilities are estimated to be about 1%, 3%, and 18%, respectively. There are still 320 sources associated with nearby galaxies and 151 in the Galactic plane, which the authors expect to be mostly compact object systems or background AGNs. There are also 100 candidate ultraluminous X-ray sources. They are found to be much less variable than other accreting compact objects. This table was created by the HEASARC in October 2012 based on an electronic version of Table 4 from the reference paper which was obtained from the ApJ web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xmmssclwbd
- Title:
- XMM-Newton 2XMMi-DR3 Selected Source Detections Catalog
- Short Name:
- XMMSSCLWBD
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The authors have carried out a classification of 4,330 X-ray sources in the 2XMMi-DR3 catalog. The sources were selected under the requirement of being a point source with multiple XMM-Newton observations and at least one detection with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than 20. For about one-third of the sources, the authors are able to obtain reliable source types from the literature. They mostly correspond to various types of stars (611), active galactic nuclei (AGNs, 753), and compact object systems (138) containing white dwarfs, neutron stars, and stellar-mass black holes. The authors find that about 99% of stars can be separated from other source types based on their low X-ray-to-IR flux ratios and frequent X-ray flares. AGNs have remarkably similar X-ray spectra, with the power-law photon index centered around 1.91 +/- 0.31, and their 0.2-4.5 keV flux long-term variation factors have a median of 1.48, with 98.5% being less than 10. In contrast, 70% of compact object systems can be very soft or hard, highly variable in X-rays, and/or have very large X-ray-to-IR flux ratios, separating them from AGNs. Using these results, the authors derive a source type classification scheme to classify the other sources and find 644 candidate stars, 1,376 candidate AGNs, and 202 candidate compact object systems, whose false identification probabilities are estimated to be about 1%, 3%, and 18%, respectively. There are still 320 sources associated with nearby galaxies and 151 in the Galactic plane, which the authors expect to be mostly compact object systems or background AGNs. There are also 100 candidate ultraluminous X-ray sources. They are found to be much less variable than other accreting compact objects. This table contains the list of 19,637 detections of the 4,330 unique X-ray sources which comprise the authors' sample. The list of 4,330 unique X-ray sources and their classifications is also available as the HEASARC XMMSSCLWBS table. This table was created by the HEASARC in October 2012 based on an electronic version of Table 3 from the reference paper which was obtained from the ApJ web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
1006. X-Ray Binaries Catalog
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xrbcat
- Title:
- X-Ray Binaries Catalog
- Short Name:
- XRBs
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- XRBCAT is a catalog of X-ray binaries, based on the van Paradijs (1996) compilation, and updated by Nick White to include all the new (mostly transient) systems discovered since then up until the last update (see below). The information in XRBCAT is basic and does not attempt to be complete. It includes the name of the source, the position, the pulse or orbital period (if one is known), the object class, a flux (a maximum and, if available, a minimum), and an optical V magnitude (if available). To reference XRBCAT, please use the following acknowledgment: "This paper utilized the HEASARC XRBCAT X-ray Binary catalog". Since it is a very time consuming task to keep track of all the new sources and discoveries, there may be incomplete or missing sources. This catalog was last updated on April 22, 1998. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/hcgxrbs
- Title:
- X-Ray Observations of Compact Group Galaxies
- Short Name:
- HCGXRBS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This catalog presents the study of a sample of 15 compact groups (CGs) observed with Chandra/ACIS, Swift/UVOT and Spitzer/IRAC-MIPS for which archival data exist, allowing the authors to obtain SFRs, stellar masses, sSFRs and X-ray fluxes and luminosities for individual, off-nuclear point sources, which they summed to obtain total X-ray luminosities originating in off-nuclear point sources in a galaxy. Details on the Swift and Spitzer observations and data for systems in this sample can be found in Tzanavaris et al. (2010ApJ...716..556T) and Lenkic et al. (2016MNRAS.459.2948L). For Chandra/ACIS observations, see Tzanavaris et al. (2014ApJS..212....9T) and Desjardins et al. (2013ApJ...763..121D; 2014ApJ...790..132D). The authors obtained total galaxy X-ray luminosities, L<sub>X</sub>, originating from individually detected point sources in a sample of 47 galaxies in 15 compact groups of galaxies (CGs). For the great majority of the galaxies, they found that the detected point sources most likely are local to their associated galaxy, and are thus extragalactic X-ray binaries (XRBs) or nuclear active galactic nuclei (AGNs). For spiral and irregular galaxies, they found that, after accounting for AGNs and nuclear sources, most CG galaxies are either within the +/- 1 sigma scatter of the Mineo et al. L<sub>X</sub>-star formation rate (SFR) correlation or have higher L<sub>X</sub> than predicted by this correlation for their SFR. These "excesses" may be due to low metallicities and high interaction levels. For elliptical and S0 galaxies, after accounting for AGNs and nuclear sources, most CG galaxies were found to be consistent with the Boroson et al. L<sub>X</sub>-stellar mass correlation for low-mass XRBs, with larger scatter, likely due to residual effects such as AGN activity or hot gas. Assuming non-nuclear sources are low- or high-mass XRBs, the authors used appropriate XRB luminosity functions to estimate the probability that stochastic effects can lead to such extreme L<sub>X</sub> values. They found that, although stochastic effects do not in general appear to be important, for some galaxies there is a significant probability that high L<sub>X</sub> values can be observed due to strong XRB variability. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2019 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJ/817/95">CDS Catalog J/ApJ/817/95</a> file table3.dat This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xrayselbll
- Title:
- X-Ray Selected BL Lac Objects Catalog
- Short Name:
- XRAYSELBLL
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a catalog of 312 X-ray selected BL Lacertae objects (XBLs), optically identified through the end of 2011. It contains the names from different surveys, equatorial coordinates, redshifts, multi-frequency flux values, and luminosities for each source. In the reference, the different characteristics of these XBLs are statistically investigated (redshift, radio/optical/X-ray luminosities, central black hole (BH) mass, synchrotron peak frequency, broadband spectral indices, optical flux variability). Their values were collected through an extensive bibliographic and database search or calculated by the author. The redshifts range from 0.031 to 0.702 with a maximum of the distribution at z = 0.223. The 1.4-GHz luminosities of XBLs log (nu * L<sub>nu</sub>) ~ 39 - 42 (in units of erg s<sup>-1</sup>), while the optical V and X-ray (0.1-2.4 keV) bands show log (nu * L<sub>nu</sub>) ~ 43 - 46 (same units). The XBL hosts are elliptical galaxies with effective radii r<sub>eff</sub> = 3.26 - 25.40 kpc and ellipticities e = 0.04 - 0.52. Their R-band absolute magnitudes M<sub>R</sub> range from -21.11 mag to -24.86 mag with a mean value of -22.83 mag. The V - R indices of the hosts range from 0.61 to 1.52 and reveal a fourth-degree polynomial relationship with z that enabled the author to evaluate the redshifts of five sources whose V - R indices were determined from the observations, but whose redshifts values are either not found or not confirmed. The XBL nuclei show a wider range of 7.31 mag for M<sub>R</sub>, with the highest luminosity corresponding to M<sub>R</sub> = -27.24 mag. The masses of the central BHs are found in the interval log M<sub>BH</sub> = 7.39 - 9.30 (in units of solar masses), with the maximum of the distribution at log M<sub>BH</sub>/M<sub>sun</sub> = 8.30. The synchrotron peak frequencies are spread over the range log nu<sub>peak</sub> = 14.56 - 19.18 Hz, with a peak of the distribution at log nu<sub>peak</sub> = 16.60 Hz. The broad-band radio-to-optical (alpha<sub>ro</sub>), optical-to-X-ray (alpha<sub>ox</sub>), and radio-to-X-ray (alpha<sub>rx</sub>) spectral indices are distributed in the intervals (0.17, 0.59), (0.56, 1.48), and (0.41, 0.75), respectively. In the optical energy range, the overall flux variability increases, on average, towards shorter wavelengths: Delta(m) = 1.22, 1.50, and 1.82 through the R, V, B bands of the Johnson-Cousins system, respectively. XBLs seem be optically less variable at intranight timescales compared to radio-selected BL Lacs (RBLs). This table was created by the HEASARC in June 2013 based on an electronic version of Table 2 from the reference paper which was obtained form the AJ web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xshzagncxo
- Title:
- X-Ray Selected High-z AGN Catalog
- Short Name:
- XSHZAGNCXO
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains the results from an analysis of the largest high-redshift (z > 3) X-ray-selected active galactic nucleus (AGN) sample to date, combining the Chandra Cosmological Evolution Survey and Chandra Multi-wavelength Project surveys and doubling the previous samples. The sample comprises 209 X-ray-detected AGNs, over a wide range of rest-frame 2-10 keV luminosities log L<sub>X</sub> = 43.3 - 46.0 erg/s. X-ray hardness ratios show that ~39 per cent of the sources are highly obscured, N<sub>H</sub> > 10<sup>22</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>, in agreement with the ~37 per cent of type-2 AGNs found in this sample based on their optical classification. For ~26 per cent of objects, there are mismatched optical and X-ray classifications. Utilizing the 1/V<sub>max</sub> method, the authors confirm that the comoving space density of all luminosity ranges of AGNs decreases with redshift above z > 3 and up to z ~ 7. With a significant sample of AGNs (N = 27) at z > 4, it is found that both source number counts in the 0.5-2 keV band and comoving space density are consistent with the expectation of a luminosity-dependent density evolution (LDDE) model at all redshifts, while they exclude the luminosity and density evolution (LADE) model. The measured comoving space density of type-1 and type-2 AGNs shows a constant ratio between the two types at z > 3. These results for both AGN types at these redshifts are consistent with the expectations of LDDE model. The high-redshift AGN sample used in this work has been selected from the C-COSMOS X-ray catalog, combining the spectroscopic and photometric information available from the identification catalogue of X-ray C-COSMOS sources (Civano et al. 2011, ApJ, 741, 91; 2012, ApJS, 201, 30) and the ChaMP (Chandra Multi-wavelength Project) X-ray catalog using only the 323 ChaMP ObsIDs overlapping with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS; Richards et al. 2006, AJ, 131, 2766) DR5 imaging. This table was created by the HEASARC in March 2016 based on the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/MNRAS/445/1430">CDS catalog J/MNRAS/445/1430</a> file tablea1.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
1010. XRISM Master Catalog
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/xrismmastr
- Title:
- XRISM Master Catalog
- Short Name:
- XRISMMASTR
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) is an international mission led by Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). XRISM was launched on 2023 September 6 (UT) into a near-circular orbit with an apogee of ~575 km, an inclination of ~31 degrees, and an orbital period of about 96 minutes. During the performance verification (PV) phase, targets selected by the XRISM science team are being observed. Subsequently, it will become a general observatory with annual call for proposals open to all astronomers. XRISM has two co-aligned instruments that are used concurrently: Resolve, a soft X-ray spectrometer, and Xtend, a wide field-of-view imager. Resolve uses an X-ray microcalorimeter with ~5 eV spectral resolution withs a 3x3 arcmin field of view. It is currently operating with the Gate Valve closed, which limits its effective bandpass to 1.7-12 keV. Xtend is an X-ray CCD instrument with a 38 x 38 arcmin<sup>2</sup> field of view. This table contains a list of observations that have taken place as well as those that have been accepted and planned. The latter includes pre-approved targets for TOO observations and priority C targets whose observations are not guaranteed. This database table is based on information supplied by the XRISM Science Data Center at NASA/GSFC. It is updated automatically on a regular basis. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
