Images of the Kuiper Belt object (126719) 2002 CC_249_ obtained in 2016 and 2017 using the 6.5 m Magellan-Baade Telescope and the 4.3 m Discovery Channel Telescope are presented. A light curve with a periodicity of 11.87+/-0.01 hr and a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.79+/-0.04 mag is reported. This high amplitude double-peaked light curve can be due to a single elongated body, but it is best explained by a contact binary system from its U-/V-shaped light curve. We present a simple full-width-at-half-maximum test that can be used to determine if an object is likely a contact binary or an elongated object based on its light curve. Considering that 2002 CC_249_ is in hydrostatic equilibrium, a system with a mass ratio q_min_=0.6, and a density {rho}_min_=1 g/cm^3^, or less plausible a system with q_max_=1, and {rho}_max_=5 g/cm^3^ can interpret the light curve. Assuming a single Jacobi ellipsoid in hydrostatic equilibrium and an equatorial view, we estimate {rho}>=0.34 g/cm^3^, and a/b=2.07. Finally, we report a new color study showing that 2002 CC_249_ displays an ultra red surface characteristic of a dynamically Cold Classical trans-Neptunian object.
On its journey to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, the International Rosetta Mission (ESA) was planned to fly-by two asteroids: (2867) Steins and (21) Lutetia. Although classified as an M-type asteroid because of its high albedo, its reflectance spectrum in the near and mid-infrared region, suggests a primitive composition, more typical of C-type asteroids. Results from ground-based observations are indicative of compositional variegation and of at least one significantly large crater on the surface of this asteroid. We analyse photometric and spectroscopic data of the asteroid, obtained from ground-based observations, to support the data taken by the spacecraft.
It is known that the Yarkovsky effect moves small asteroids to larger/smaller semimajor axes depending on their prograde/retrograde spins. The YORP effect influences asteroid spin periods and spin axis orientations so that they evolve in time. The alignment of the spin vectors and correlations of the spin rates, now known as Slivan states and observed among members of the Koronis family, are interpreted in terms of the YORP effect and spin-orbit resonances. Splitting asteroid families into prograde and retrograde groups has recently been proposed as a result of the Yarkovsky effect. Prograde and retrograde asteroids drift in different directions, and this has never been observed directly. The influence of the Yarkovsky and YORP effects should be observable among objects in asteroid families, especially in the Flora family, which lies close to the Sun and consists of many small objects. The Flora family asteroids were modelled using the lightcurve inversion technique. As a result the orientation of spin vectors, shapes, and sidereal periods of rotation were obtained.
The set of more than 100 asteroids, for which spin parameters have been modelled using an amplitude, magnitude or epoch methods, showed a pronounced gap in the distribution of the asteroid spin axes. These spin axes are rarely aligned with the ecliptic plane. The number of asteroids with known spin parameters should be increased to allow for statistical investigations. We gathered extensive photometric datasets on four selected main-belt asteroids to model their spin and shape parameters using the lightcurve inversion method. Our only criterion of selection was their observability for small telescopes.
We present a set of new photometric observations of three main belt asteroids: 160 Una, 747 Winchester, and 849 Ara. This, combined with the available data, allowed us to construct their physical models. The lightcurve inversion method was used to obtain their spins and shapes. We have resolved problems with the rotation period of 160 Una, and found it to be 11.033176+/-0.000011h, almost twice the value given in the literature.
The shapes and spin states of asteroids observed with photometric techniques can be reconstructed using the lightcurve inversion method. The resultant models can then be confirmed or exploited further by other techniques, such as adaptive optics, radar, thermal infrared, stellar occultations, or space probe imaging. During our ongoing work to increase the set of asteroids with known spin and shape parameters, there appeared a need for displaying the model plane-of-sky orientations for specific epochs to compare models from different techniques. It would also be instructive to be able to track how the complex lightcurves are produced by various asteroid shapes.
We analyze photometric observations of the three main-belt asteroids 350 Ornamenta, 771 Libera, and 984 Gretia, conducted over a twelve-year interval. Our data and those of other authors allow us to determine pole and shape models using the lightcurve inversion technique.
The goal of this work is the study of 2005FY_9's short term variability in order to determine the amplitude of the lightcurve, which can be linked to the degree of elongation of the body or to the degree of albedo heterogeneity on the surface. Besides, the rotation period can be determined. CCD photometric observations of the transneptunian object 2005FY_9 in R band on 21 nights spanning several months have been carried out using the 1.5m telescope at Sierra Nevada Observatory and the 2.2m telescope at Calar Alto Observatory. The time series analysis results in confident detection of short-term variability. The most significant periodicities are 11.24+/-0.01h and its double, but other possibilities cannot be ruled out. The 22.48h double peaked rotational phase curve is slightly preferred from our analysis. As for the amplitude of the lightcurve, we get a peak to peak variability of 0.03+/-0.01mag. This result is compatible with a nearly spherical body that has a very homogeneous surface. There is also the possibility that the body is rotating nearly pole on, but we believe this is less likely. Very weak constraints are obtained for the density and internal strength based on the rotational properties derived from the photometry.
We present astrometric positions of Pluto, consistent with the International Celestial Reference System, from 4412 CCD frames observed over 120 nights with three telescopes at the Observatorio do Pico dos Dias in Brazil, covering a time span from 1995 to 2013, and also 145 frames observed over 11 nights in 2007 and 2009 with the ESO/MPG 2.2m telescope equipped with the Wide Field Imager (WFI). Our aim is to contribute to the study and improvement of the orbit of Pluto with new astrometric methods and positions.
Because of Pluto's distance from the Sun, the Pluto system has not yet completed a revolution since its discovery, hence an uncertain heliocentric distance. In this paper, we present the fitting of our dynamical model ODIN (Orbite, Dynamique et Integration Numerique) to observations. The small satellites P4 and P5 are not taken into account. We fitted our model to the measured absolute coordinates (RA, DEC) of Pluto, and to the measured positions of the satellites relative to Pluto.
