- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/658/A119
- Title:
- Jet collimation in NGC 1052
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/658/A119
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022 14:52:38
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- With the increased sensitivity and resolution of radio interferometry the study of the collimation and acceleration region of jets in Active Galactic Nuclei(AGN) has come into focus within the last years. Whereas a large fraction of AGN jets reveal a change from parabolic to conical collimation around the Bondi radius, a small number of sources deviate from this standard picture, including the radio galaxy NGC1052. We study the jet width profile, which provides valuable information about the interplay between the central engine and accretion disk system and the collimation and acceleration zone of the jets. We observed the double-sided active galaxy NGC1052 at six frequencies with the VLBA in 2017 and at 22GHz with RadioAstron in 2016. These data are combined with archival 15, 22, and 43GHz multi-epoch VLBA observations. From ridge-line fitting we obtained width measurements along the jet and counter-jet which were fitted with broken power-laws. We find a break in the jet collimation profile at ~10^4^R_s_ (Schwarzschild radii). Downstream of the break the collimation is conical with a power-law index of 1.0-1.2 (cylindrical 0; parabolic 0.5; conical 1). The upstream power-law index of 0.36 for the approaching jet is neither cylindrical nor parabolic and for the receding jet with 0.16 close-to cylindrical. Both jets have an opening angle of ~30 degree at a distance of ~10^3R_S_ and are well collimated with an opening angle of <10 degrees downstream of the break. There are significant differences in the upstream collimation profile between approaching (Eastern) and receding (Western) jet. Absorption or scattering in the surrounding torus as well as an accretion wind may mimic a cylindrical profile. We need to increase the observing frequencies, which do not suffer from absorption to find the true jet collimation profile upstream of 10^4^R_s_.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/647/A67
- Title:
- Jet collimation in NGC 315
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/647/A67
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The collimation of relativistic jets in galaxies is a poorly understood process. Detailed radio studies of the jet collimation region have been performed so far in a few individual objects, providing important constraints for jet formation models. However, the extent of the collimation zone as well as the nature of the external medium possibly confining the jet are still debated. In this article, we present a multifrequency and multiscale analysis of the radio galaxy NGC 315, including the use of mm-VLBI data up to 86GHz, aimed at revealing the evolution of the jet collimation profile. We then consider results from the literature to compare the jet expansion profile in a sample of 27 low-redshift sources, mainly comprising radio galaxies and BL Lacs, which were classified based on the accretion properties as low-excitation (LEG) and high-excitation (HEG) galaxies. We propose that the jet collimation in NGC 315 is completed on sub-parsec scales. A transition from a parabolic to conical jet shape is detected at z_t_=0.58+/-0.28-parsecs or ~5x10^3& Schwarzschild radii (Rs) from the central engine, a distance which is much smaller than the Bondi radius, rB~92pc, estimated based on X-ray data. The jet in this and in a few other LEG in our sample may be initially confined by a thick disk extending out to ~10^3^-10^4^R_{sun}_. A comparison between the mass-scaled jet expansion profiles of all sources indicates that jets in HEG are surrounded by thicker disk-launched sheaths and collimate on larger scales with respect to jets in LEG. These results suggest that disk winds play an important role in the jet collimation mechanism, particularly in high-luminosity sources. The impact of winds on the origin of the FRI and FRII dichotomy in radio galaxies is also discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/298/375
- Title:
- Jet-disk symbiosis II
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/298/375
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the correlation between the accretion disk (UV) luminosity and the radio core emission of a quasar sample, containing all PG quasars, also deriving empirical conversion factors from emission line luminosities to disk luminosities. This method allows us to investigate the radio properties of AGN on the absolute scale set by the accretion power. The tables contain the quasar (and radio galaxy) sample discussed in this paper (including the complete PG quasars sample) and give the derived `disk luminosities' of the UV-bump and 5GHz radio luminosities.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/98/393
- Title:
- 1Jy BL Lac Objects: Observational Data
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/98/393
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Direct imaging and spectroscopic data are reported for the complete sample of 34 BL Lac objects selected from the 1Jy source catalogue (see Cat. <VIII/5>). A short description of each individual object is given along with a general discussion of the features observed in the optical spectra, the optical morphologies, and the environments of the BL Lac objects.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/247/71
- Title:
- Large-scale environment of radio galaxies. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/247/71
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In our previous analysis we investigated the large-scale environment of two samples of radio galaxies (RGs) in the local universe (i.e., with redshifts z_src_<=0.15), classified as FR I and FR II on the basis of their radio morphology. The analysis was carried out using (i) extremely homogeneous catalogs and (ii) a new method, known as cosmological overdensity, to investigate their large-scale environments. We concluded that, independently of the shape of their radio extended structure, RGs inhabit galaxy-rich large-scale environments with similar characteristics and richness. In the present work, we first highlight additional advantages of our procedure, which does not suffer cosmological biases and/or artifacts, and then we carry out an additional statistical test to strengthen our previous results. We also investigate properties of RG environments using those of the cosmological neighbors. We find that large-scale environments of both FR Is and FR IIs are remarkably similar and independent of the properties of central RG. Finally, we highlight the importance of comparing radio sources in the same redshift bins to obtain a complete overview of their large-scale environments.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/317/801
- Title:
- LBDS Hercules sample griJHK photometry
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/317/801
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The results are presented of an extensive programme of optical and infrared imaging of radio sources in a complete subsample of the Leiden-Berkeley Deep Survey. The LBDS Hercules sample consists of 72 sources observed at 1.4GHz, with flux densities S_1.4_>=1.0mJy, in a 1.2deg^2^ region of Hercules. This sample is almost completely identified in the g, r, i and K bands, with some additional data available at J and H. The magnitude distributions peak at r~22mag, K~6mag and extend down to r~26mag, K~21mag. The K-band magnitude distributions for the radio galaxies and quasars are compared with those of other radio surveys. At S_1.4GHz_<~1Jy, the K-band distribution does not change significantly with radio flux density. The sources span a broad range of colours, with several being extremely red (r-K>~6). Though small, this is the most optically complete sample of mJy radio sources available at 1.4GHz, and is ideally suited for studying the evolution of the radio luminosity function out to high redshifts.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/405/436
- Title:
- LBDS-Lynx region GMRT 150-MHz obs.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/405/436
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It has been known for nearly three decades that high-redshift radio galaxies exhibit steep radio spectra, and hence ultrasteep spectrum radio sources provide candidates for high-redshift radio galaxies. Nearly all radio galaxies with z>3 have been found using this redshift-spectral index correlation. We have started a programme with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) to exploit this correlation at flux density levels about 10 to 100 times deeper than the known high-redshift radio galaxies which were identified primarily using the already available radio catalogues. In our programme, we have obtained deep, high-resolution radio observations at 150MHz with GMRT for several "deep" fields which are well studied at higher radio frequencies and in other bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, with an aim to detect candidate high-redshift radio galaxies. In this paper we present results from the deep 150-MHz observations of the LBDS-Lynx field (Leiden-Berkeley Deep Survey), which has been already imaged at 327, 610 and 1412MHz with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and at 1400 and 4860MHz with the Very Large Array.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/435/3376
- Title:
- L_FIR_ and L_CO_ for 247 extragalactic systems
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/435/3376
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- An analysis of 44GHz Very Large Array observations of the z=1.574 radio-loud quasar 3C 318 has revealed emission from the redshifted J=1-->0 transition of the CO molecule and spatially resolved the 6.3kpc radio jet associated with the quasar at 115GHz rest frame. The continuum-subtracted line emitter is spatially offset from the quasar nucleus by 0.33arcsec (2.82kpc in projection). This spatial offset has a significance of >8{sigma} and, together with a previously published -400km/s velocity offset measured in the J=2-->1 CO line relative to the systemic redshift of the quasar, rules out a circumnuclear starburst or molecular gas ring and suggests that the quasar host galaxy is either undergoing a major merger with a gas-rich galaxy or is otherwise a highly disrupted system. If the merger scenario is correct, then the event may be in its early stages, acting as the trigger for both the young radio jets in the quasar and a starburst in the merging galaxy. The total molecular gas mass in the spatially offset line emitter as measured from the ground-state CO line MH_2_=3.7(+/-0.4)x10^10^ ({alpha}CO/0.8)M_{sun}_. Assuming that the line emitter can be modelled as a rotating disc, an inclination-dependent upper limit is derived for its dynamical mass M_dyn_sin^2^(i)<3.2x10^9^M_{sun}_, suggesting that for MH2 to remain less than M_dyn_ the inclination angle must be i<16{deg}. The far-infrared and CO luminosities of 246 extragalactic systems are collated from the literature for comparison. The high molecular gas content of 3C 318 is consistent with that of the general population of high-redshift quasars and submillimetre galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/462/81
- Title:
- L_IR_-T_dust_ relation in galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/462/81
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- IRAS observations show the existence of a correlation between the infrared luminosity L_IR_ and dust temperature T_d_ in star-forming galaxies, in which larger L_IR_ leads to higher dust temperature. The L_IR_-T_d_ relation is commonly seen as reflecting the increase in dust temperature in galaxies with higher star formation rate (SFR). Even though the correlation shows a significant amount of dispersion, a unique relation has been commonly used to construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies in distant universe studies, such as source number counting or photometric redshift determination. In this work, we introduce a new parameter, namely the size of the star-forming region r_IR_ and lay out the empirical and modelled relation between the global parameters L_IR_, T_d_ and r_IR_ of IR-bright non-AGN galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/438/796
- Title:
- Local radio-galaxy population at 20GHz
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/438/796
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have made the first detailed study of the high-frequency radio-source population in the local Universe, using a sample of 202 radio sources from the Australia Telescope 20GHz (AT20G) survey identified with galaxies from the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS). The AT20G-6dFGS galaxies have a median redshift of z=0.058 and span a wide range in radio luminosity, allowing us to make the first measurement of the local radio luminosity function at 20GHz. Our sample includes some classical Fanaroff-Riley type I (FR I) and FR II radio galaxies, but most of the AT20G-6dFGS galaxies host compact (FR 0) radio active galactic nuclei which appear to lack extended radio emission even at lower frequencies. Most of these FR 0 sources show no evidence for relativistic beaming, and the FR 0 class appears to be a mixed population which includes young compact steep-spectrum and gigahertz peaked-spectrum radio galaxies. We see a strong dichotomy in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mid-infrared colours of the host galaxies of FR I and FR II radio sources, with the FR I systems found almost exclusively in WISE 'early-type' galaxies and the FR II radio sources in WISE 'late-type' galaxies. The host galaxies of the flat- and steep-spectrum radio sources have a similar distribution in both K-band luminosity and WISE colours, though galaxies with flat-spectrum sources are more likely to show weak emission lines in their optical spectra. We conclude that these flat-spectrum and steep-spectrum radio sources mainly represent different stages in radio-galaxy evolution, rather than beamed and unbeamed radio-source populations.
