- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AN/338/700
- Title:
- Flux densities for 290 blazars
- Short Name:
- J/AN/338/700
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of nine years of the blazar observing programme at the RATAN-600 radio telescope (2005-2014). The data were obtained at six frequency bands (1.1, 2.3, 4.8, 7.7, 11.2, 21.7GHz) for 290 blazars, mostly BL Lacs. In addition, we used data at 37GHz obtained quasi-simultaneously with the Metsahovi radio observatory for some sources. For each source NVSS name (RA (hhmmss) and DEC (ddmmss) for the J2000.0 epoch), and flux densities at seven frequencies are presented (1.1-37GHz).
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/642/A141
- Title:
- Flux-limited sample of HBL blazars, OUSXG
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/642/A141
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have analysed all the X-ray images centred on Gamma Ray Bursts generated by Swift over the last 15 years using automatic tools that do not require any expertise in X-ray astronomy, producing results in excellent agreement with previous findings. This work, besides presenting the largest medium-deep survey of the X-ray sky and a complete sample of blazars, wishes to be a step in the direction of achieving the ultimate goal of the Open Universe Initiative, that is to enable non expert people to fully benet of space science data, possibly extending the potential for scientific discovery, currently conned within a small number of highly specialised teams, to a much larger population. We have used the Swift deepsky Docker container encapsulated pipeline to build the largest existing flux-limited and unbiased sample of serendipitous X-ray sources. Swift deepsky runs on any laptop or desktop computer with a modern operating system. The tool automatically downloads the data and the calibration files from the archives, runs the official Swift analysis software and produces a number of results including images, the list of detected sources, X-ray fluxes, SED data, and spectral slope estimations. We used our source list to build the LogN-LogS of extra-galactic sources, which perfectly matches that estimated by other satellites. Combining our survey with multi-frequency data we selected a complete radio flux-density limited sample of High Energy Peaked (HBL) blazars. The LogN-LogS built with this data-set confirms that previous samples are incomplete below ~20mJy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/825/72
- Title:
- Follow-up study of gal. & AGNs in z>1 clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/825/72
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed, multi-wavelength study of star formation (SF) and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity in 11 near-infrared (IR) selected, spectroscopically confirmed massive (>~10^14^M_{sun}_) galaxy clusters at 1<z<1.75. Using new deep Herschel/PACS imaging, we characterize the optical to far-IR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for IR-luminous cluster galaxies, finding that they can, on average, be well described by field galaxy templates. Identification and decomposition of AGNs through SED fittings allows us to include the contribution to cluster SF from AGN host galaxies. We quantify the star-forming fraction, dust-obscured SF rates (SFRs) and specific SFRs for cluster galaxies as a function of cluster-centric radius and redshift. In good agreement with previous studies, we find that SF in cluster galaxies at z>~1.4 is largely consistent with field galaxies at similar epochs, indicating an era before significant quenching in the cluster cores (r<0.5Mpc). This is followed by a transition to lower SF activity as environmental quenching dominates by z~1. Enhanced SFRs are found in lower mass (10.1<logM_*_/M_{sun}_<10.8) cluster galaxies. We find significant variation in SF from cluster to cluster within our uniformly selected sample, indicating that caution should be taken when evaluating individual clusters. We examine AGNs in clusters from z=0.5-2, finding an excess AGN fraction at z>~1, suggesting environmental triggering of AGNs during this epoch. We argue that our results --a transition from field-like to quenched SF, enhanced SF in lower mass galaxies in the cluster cores, and excess AGNs-- are consistent with a co-evolution between SF and AGNs in clusters and an increased merger rate in massive halos at high redshift.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/892/105
- Title:
- Fourth catalog of Fermi LAT-detected AGNs (4LAC)
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/892/105
- Date:
- 17 Jan 2022 00:31:09
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The fourth catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Large Area Telescope (4LAC) between 2008 August 4 and 2016 August 2 contains 2863 objects located at high Galactic latitudes (|b|>10{deg}). It includes 85% more sources than the previous 3LAC catalog based on 4yr of data. AGNs represent at least 79% of the high-latitude sources in the fourth Fermi-Large Area Telescope Source Catalog (4FGL), which covers the energy range from 50MeV to 1TeV. In addition, 344 gamma-ray AGNs are found at low Galactic latitudes. Most of the 4LAC AGNs are blazars (98%), while the remainder are other types of AGNs. The blazar population consists of 24% Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs), 38% BL Lac-type objects, and 38% blazar candidates of unknown types (BCUs). On average, FSRQs display softer spectra and stronger variability in the gamma-ray band than BL Lacs do, confirming previous findings. All AGNs detected by ground-based atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes are also found in the 4LAC.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/255/22
- Title:
- FRII radio sources dynamical models
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/255/22
- Date:
- 03 Dec 2021 13:25:10
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Dynamical evolution models of 361 extragalactic Fanaroff-Riley type II radio sources selected from the Cambridge 3CRR, 6CE, 5C6, and 5C7 Sky Surveys, as well as the Bologna B2, Green Bank GB, and GB2 Surveys, are presented. Their spectra, compiled mostly from the recent catalogs of radio sources and the available NASA/IPAC and Astrophysical Catalogs Support System databases, along with morphological characteristics of the sources determined from their radio maps, have been modeled using the DYNAGE algorithm and/or its extension (KDA EXT) for the hypothetical case of further evolution after the jet's termination. The best-fit models provide estimates of a number of important physical parameters of the sources, as (i) the jet power, (ii) the density distribution of the external gaseous medium surrounding the radio core and the jet propagating through it, (iii) the initial energy distribution of the relativistic particles accelerated at the shock fronts, and (iv) the age of the observed radio structure. Additionally, estimates of some derivative parameters are provided, e.g., the radio lobes' pressure, their longitudinal expansion velocity, the magnetic field strength, and the total energy deposited in the lobes. The observed spectra and their best-fit models are included. Finally, one of the useful applications of the above models is presented, namely a strong correlation between the ambient medium density and the rest-frame two-point spectral index available directly from the observed spectra.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/648/A102
- Title:
- FR-type radio sources at 3GHz VLA-COSMOS
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/648/A102
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Radio active galactic nuclei (AGN) are traditionally separated into two Fanaro-Riley (FR) type classes, edge-brightened FRII sources or edge-darkened FRI sources. With the discovery of a plethora of radio AGN of different radio shapes, this dichotomy is becoming too simplistic in linking the radio structure to the physical properties of radio AGN, their hosts, and their environment. We probe the physical properties and large-scale environment of radio AGN in the faintest FR population to date, and link them to their radio structure. We use the VLA-COSMOS Large Project at 3GHz (3GHz VLA-COSMOS), with a resolution and sensitivity of 0.75" and 2.3Jy/beam to explore the FR dichotomy down to Jy levels. We classified objects as FRIs, FRIIs, or hybrid FRI/FRII based on the surface-brightness distribution along their radio structure. Our control sample was the jet-less/compact radio AGN objects (COM AGN), which show excess radio emission at 3GHz VLA-COSMOS exceeding what is coming from star-formation alone; this sample excludes FRs. The largest angular projected sizes of FR objects were measured by a machine-learning algorithm and also by hand, following a parametric approach to the FR classification. Eddington ratios were calculated using scaling relations from the X-rays, and we included the jet power by using radio luminosity as a probe. Furthermore, we investigated their host properties (star-formation ratio, stellar mass, morphology), and we explore their incidence within X-ray galaxy groups in COSMOS, and in the density fields and cosmic-web probes in COSMOS. Our sample is composed of 59 FRIIs, 32 FRI/FRIIs, 39 FRIs, and 1818 COM AGN at 0.03<=z<=6. On average, FR objects have similar radio luminosities (L_3GHz_~10^23^W/Hz/sr), spanning a range of 10^21-26^W/Hz/sr, and they lie at a median redshift of z~1. The median linear projected size of FRIIs is 106.6^238.2^_36.9_kpc, larger than that of FRI/FRIIs and FRIs by a factor of 2-3. The COM AGN have sizes smaller than 30kpc, with a median value of 1.7^4.7^_1.5_kpc. The median Eddington ratio of FRIIs is 0.006^0.007^_0.005_, a factor of 2.5 less than in FRIs and a factor of 2 higher than in FRI/FRII. When the jet power is included, the median Eddington ratios of FRII and FRI/FRII increase by a factor of 12 and 15, respectively. FRs reside in their majority in massive quenched hosts (M*>10^10.5^M_{sun}_), with older episodes of star-formation linked to lower X-ray galaxy group temperatures, suggesting radio-mode AGN quenching. Regardless of their radio structure, FRs and COM AGN are found in all types and density environments (group or cluster, filaments, field). By relating the radio structure to radio luminosity, size, Eddington ratio, and large-scale environment, we find a broad distribution and overlap of FR and COM AGN populations. We discuss the need for a different classification scheme, that expands the classic FR classification by taking into consideration the physical properties of the objects rather than their projected radio structure which is frequency-, sensitivity- and resolution-dependent. This point is crucial in the advent of current and future all-sky radio surveys.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/627/A140
- Title:
- FSRQ PKS 0346-27 light curves
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/627/A140
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper, we characterize the first-ray flaring episode of the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 034-27 (z=0.991), as revealed by Fermi-LAT monitoring data, and the concurrent multi-wavelength variability observed from radio through X-rays. We studied the long- and short-term flux and spectral variability from PKS 0346-27 by producing-ray light curves with different time binning. We complement theFermi-LAT data with multi-wavelength observations from the Atacama Large MillimeterArray (radio mm-band), the Rapid Eye Mount telescope (near-infrared) and Swift (optical-UV and X-rays). This quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength coverage allowed us to construct time-resolved spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of PKS 0346-27 and compare the broadband spectral properties of the source between different activity states using a one-zone leptonic emission model. PKS 0346-27 entered an elevated-ray activity state starting from the beginning of 2018. The high-state continued through-out the year, displaying the highest fluxes in May 2018. We find evidence of short-time scale variability down to approximately 1.5 hours, which constrains the-ray emission region to be compact. The extended flaring period was characterized by a persistently harder spectrum with respect to the quiescent state, indicating changes in the broadband spectral properties of the source. This was confirmed by the multi-wavelength observations, which show a shift in the position of the two SED peaks by approximately two orders of magnitude in energy and peak flux value. As a result, the non-thermal jet emission completely outshines the thermal contribution from the dust torus and accretion disk during the high state. The broadband SED of PKS 0346-27 transitions from a typical low-Synchrotron-Peaked (LSP) to the Intermediate-Synchrotron-Peaked (ISP) class, a behavior previously observed in other flaring-ray sources. Our one-zone leptonic emission model of the high-state SEDs constrains the gamma-ray emission region to have a lower magnetic field, larger radius, and higher maximum electron Lorentz factors with respect to the quiescent SED. Finally, we note that the bright and hard-ray spectrum observed during the peak of flaring activity in May 2018 implies that PKS 0346-27 could be a promising target for future ground-based Cherenkov observatories such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). The CTA could detect such a flare in the low-energy tail of its energy range during a high state such as the one observed in May 2018.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/609/A68
- Title:
- Full-Stokes polarimetry of 5 radio sources
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/609/A68
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an analysis pipeline that enables the recovery of reliable information for all four Stokes parameters with high accuracy. Its novelty relies on the effective treatment of the instrumental effects even before the computation of the Stokes parameters, contrary to conventionally used methods such as that based on the Mueller matrix. For instance, instrumental linear polarization is corrected across the whole telescope beam and significant Stokes Q and U can be recovered even when the recorded signals are severely corrupted by instrumental effects. The accuracy we reach in terms of polarization degree is of the order of 0.1-0.2%. The polarization angles are determined with an accuracy of almost 1{def}. The presented methodology was applied to recover the linear and circular polarization of around 150 active galactic nuclei, which were monitored between July 2010 and April 2016 with the Effelsberg 100-m telescope at 4.85GHz and 8.35GHz with a median cadence of 1.2 months. The polarized emission of the Moon was used to calibrate the polarization angle measurements. Our analysis showed a small system-induced rotation of about 1{deg} at both observing frequencies. Over the examined period, five sources have significant and stable linear polarization; three sources remain constantly linearly unpolarized; and a total of 11 sources have stable circular polarization degree m_c_, four of them with non-zero m_c_. We also identify eight sources that maintain a stable polarization angle. All this is provided to the community for future polarization observations reference. We finally show that our analysis method is conceptually different from those traditionally used and performs better than the Mueller matrix method. Although it has been developed for a system equipped with circularly polarized feeds, it can easily be generalized to systems with linearly polarized feeds as well.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/481/307
- Title:
- Gaia Nuclear Transient (GNT) cand.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/481/307
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The high spatial resolution and precise astrometry and photometry of the Gaia mission should make it particularly apt at discovering and resolving transients occurring in, or near, the centres of galaxies. Indeed, some nuclear transients are reported by the Gaia Science Alerts (GSA) team, but not a single confirmed tidal disruption event (TDE) has been published. In order to explore the sensitivity of GSA, we performed an independent and systematic search for nuclear transients using Gaia observations. Our transient search is driven from an input galaxy catalogue (derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Release 12). We present a candidate detection metric that is independent from the existing GSA methodology, to see if Gaia Alerts are biased against the discovery of nuclear transients, and in particular which steps may have an impact. Our technique does require significant manual vetting of candidates, making implementation in the GSA system impractical for daily operations, although it could be run weekly, which for month-to-year long transients would make a scientifically valuable addition. Our search yielded 480 nuclear transients, 5 of which were alerted and published by GSA. The list of (in some cases ongoing) transients includes candidates for events related to enhanced accretion on to a super-massive black hole and TDEs. An implementation of the detection methodology and criteria used in this paper as an extension of GSA could open up the possibility for Gaia to fulfil the role as a main tool to find transient nuclear activity as predicted in the literature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/105/369
- Title:
- Galactic H I column densities
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/105/369
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have determined accurate values of the Galactic neutral hydrogen column density, N_H_, toward 220 quasars and active galactic nuclei from 21cm H I measurements made on the 130 Foot Telescope (42.7m). Accurate values of N_H_ have now been obtained for the whole PG bright quasar sample and most quasars that have been observed by ROSAT and the Hubble Space Telescope through mid-1993. The spectra were corrected for stray 21cm radiation yielding values of N_H_ with a typical uncertainty of 1x10^19cm^-2 for high Galactic latitude directions. The H I column densities will be useful for correcting for interstellar opacity at UV and soft X-ray wavelengths, and for estimating the reddening and extinction toward these objects.
