- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/743/125
- Title:
- Likelihood method for QSOs selection
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/743/125
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new method for quasar target selection using photometric fluxes and a Bayesian probabilistic approach. For our purposes, we target quasars using Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry to a magnitude limit of g=22. The efficiency and completeness of this technique are measured using the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) data taken in 2010. This technique was used for the uniformly selected (CORE) sample of targets in BOSS year-one spectroscopy to be realized in the ninth SDSS data release. When targeting at a density of 40 objects deg^-2^ (the BOSS quasar targeting density), the efficiency of this technique in recovering z>2.2 quasars is 40%. The completeness compared to all quasars identified in BOSS data is 65%. This paper also describes possible extensions and improvements for this technique.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/529/A75
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/529/A75
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The degree of complexity of physics due to proximity effects in close binary stars is one of the most important challenges in theoretical stellar physics. The knowledge of how the specific intensity is distributed over the stellar disk is primordial to model the light curves of eclipsing binaries and planetary transits correctly. In order to provide theoretical input for light curve modelling codes, we present new calculations of gravity- and limb darkening coefficients for a wide range of effective temperatures, gravities, metallicities and microturbulent velocities. We have computed limb darkening coefficients for several atmosphere models, covering the transmission curves of the Kepler, CoRoT and Spitzer space missions as well as more widely used passbands (Stroemgren, Johnson-Cousins, Sloan). In addition to these computations, which were computed by adopting the Least-Square Method, we also performed calculations for the bi-parametric approximations by adopting the Flux Conservation Method to provide users with an additional tool to estimate the theoretical error bars. To facilitate the modelling of the effects of tidal and rotational distortions, we computed the GDCs y({lambda}) using the same models of stellar atmospheres as in the case of limb-darkening. Compared to previous work, a more general differential equation was used which now takes into account local gravity variations and the effects of convection. The limb darkening coefficients were computed with a larger numerical resolution (100um points instead of 15 or 17 as is often used in the ATLAS models) and five equations were used to describe the specific intensities (linear, quadratic, root-square, logarithmic and a 4-coefficient law (Equation 5)). Concerning the GDCs, the influence of the local gravity on y({lambda}) is shown as well as the effects of convection, which turn out to be very significant for cool stars. The results are tabulated for log(g)'s ranging from 0.0 to 5.0,-5.0<=log[M/H]<=+1, 2000K<=Teff<=50000K and for 5 values of the microturbulent velocity (0, 2, 4, 6, 8). ATLAS and PHOENIX plane-parallel atmosphere models were used for all the computations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/456/1294
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/456/1294
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present grids of limb-darkening coefficients computed from non-LTE, line-blanketed TLUSTY model atmospheres, covering effective-temperature and surface-gravity ranges of 15-55kK and 4.75dex (cgs) down to the effective Eddington limit, at 2x, 1x, 0.5x (Large Magellanic Cloud), 0.2x (Small Magellanic Cloud), and 0.1x solar. Results are given for the Bessell UBVRI_C_JKHL, Sloan ugriz, Stromgren ubvy, WFCAM ZYJHK , Hipparcos, Kepler, and Tycho passbands, in each case characterized by several different limb-darkening 'laws'. We examine the sensitivity of limb darkening to temperature, gravity, metallicity, microturbulent velocity, and wavelength, and make a comparison with LTE models. The dependence on metallicity is very weak, but limb darkening is a moderately strong function of logg in this temperature regime.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/634/A93
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients for compact stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/634/A93
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The distribution of the specific intensity over the stellar disk is an essential tool for modeling the light curves in eclipsing binaries, planetary transits, and stellar diameters through interferometric techniques, line profiles in rotating stars, gravitational microlensing, etc. However, the available theoretical calculations are mostly restricted to stars on the main sequence or the giant branch, and very few calculations are available for compact stars. The main objective of the present work is to extend these investigations by computing the gravity and limb-darkening coefficients for white dwarf atmosphere models with hydrogen, helium, or mixed compositions (types DA, DB, and DBA). We computed gravity and limb-darkening coefficients for DA, DB, and DBA white dwarfs atmosphere models, covering the transmission curves of the Sloan, UBVRI, Kepler, TESS, and Gaia photometric systems. Specific calculations for the HiPERCAM instrument were also carried out. For all calculations of the limb-darkening coefficients we used the least-squares method. Concerning the effects of tidal and rotational distortions, we also computed for the first time the gravity-darkening coefficients $y(\lambda)$ for white dwarfs using the same models of stellar atmospheres as in the case of limb-darkening. A more general differential equation was introduced to derive these quantities, including the partial derivative <{\partial}lnI_o_(lambda)/{\partial}lng)_Teff_. Six laws were adopted to describe the specific intensity distribution: linear, quadratic, square root, logarithmic, power-2, and a more general one with four coefficients. The computations are presented for the chemical compositions log[H/He]=-10.0 (DB), -2.0 (DBA) and He/H=0 (DA), with logg varying between 5.0 and 9.5 and effective temperatures between 3750K-100000K. For effective temperatures higher than 40000K, the models were also computed adopting nonlocal thermal equilibrium (DA). The adopted mixing-length parameters are ML2/{alpha}= 0.8 (DA case) and 1.25 (DB and DBA). The results are presented in the form of 112 tables. Additional calculations, such as for other photometric systems and/or different values of log[H/He], logg, and Teff can be performed upon request.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/766/3
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients for eclipsing WD*
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/766/3
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present extensive calculations of linear and nonlinear limb-darkening coefficients as well as complete intensity profiles appropriate for modeling the light-curves of eclipsing white dwarfs. We compute limb-darkening coefficients in the Johnson-Kron-Cousins UBVRI photometric system as well as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) ugrizy system using the most up to date model atmospheres available. In all, we provide the coefficients for seven different limb-darkening laws. We describe the variations of these coefficients as a function of the atmospheric parameters, including the effects of convection at low effective temperatures. Finally, we discuss the importance of having readily available limb-darkening coefficients in the context of present and future photometric surveys like the LSST, Palomar Transient Factory, and the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS). The LSST, for example, may find ~10^5^ eclipsing white dwarfs. The limb-darkening calculations presented here will be an essential part of the detailed analysis of all of these systems.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/567/A3
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients for MOST
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/567/A3
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new calculations of limb and gravity-darkening coefficients to be used as input in many fields of stellar physics such as synthetic light curves of double-lined eclipsing binaries and planetary transits, studies of stellar diameters or line profiles in rotating stars. We compute the limb-darkening coefficients specifically for the photometric system of the satellite MOST (Microvariability and Oscillations in STars). All computations were performed by adopting the least-square method, but for completeness we also performed calculations for the linear and bi-parametric approaches by adopting the flux conservation method. The passband gravity-darkening coefficients y({lambda}) were computed by adopting a more general differential equation, which also takes the effects of convection into account. We used two stellar atmosphere models: ATLAS (plane-parallel) and PHOENIX (spherical and quasi-spherical). We adopted six laws to describe the specific intensity distribution: linear, quadratic, square root, logarithmic, exponential, and a more general one with four terms. The covered ranges of T_eff_, log g, metallicities, and microturbulent velocities are [1500-50000K, 0-5.5,-5.0-1.0, 0-8km/s], respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/554/A98
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients for red giants
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/554/A98
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Model stellar atmospheres are fundamental tools for understanding stellar observations from interferometry, microlensing, eclipsing binaries and planetary transits. However, the calculations also include assumptions, such as the geometry of the model. We use intensity profiles computed for both plane-parallel and spherically symmetric model atmospheres to determine fitting coefficients in the BVRIHK, CoRoT and Kepler wavebands for limb darkening using several different fitting laws, for gravity-darkening and for interferometric angular diameter corrections. Comparing predicted variables for each geometry, we find that the spherically symmetric model geometry leads to different predictions for surface gravities logg<3. In particular, the most commonly used limb-darkening laws produce poor fits to the intensity profiles of spherically symmetric model atmospheres, which indicates the need for more sophisticated laws. Angular diameter corrections for spherically symmetric models range from 0.67 to 1, compared to the much smaller range from 0.95 to 1 for plane-parallel models.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/114/247
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients for R I J H K
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/114/247
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have computed limb-darkening coefficients for five commonly used near infrared photometric bands, namely R, I, J, H, and K, using the stellar atmosphere models by Kurucz (1993). Since the behaviour of the specific intensities is very dependent on the range of effective temperatures considered, we have adopted three analytical approximations to the limb darkening: linear, quadratic and square root. The least-squares method has been adopted for the fit of the limb-darkening coefficients to the model atmospheres.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/335/647
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients for ubvyUBVRIJHK
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/335/647
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Linear and non-linear limb-darkening coefficients for the photometric bands u v b y U B V R I J H K are computed for very low effective temperatures stars. The atmosphere models used (PHOENIX-NextGen) do not include the effects of dust formation and dust opacities. These calculations are presented for the first time . The calculations extend the range of effective temperatures (2000K-50000K) covered by our previous papers. These data are important in order to deal with stars in the lower part of Main-Sequence like M or brown dwarfs. The non-linear behavior of the limb-darkening laws, particularly in this effective temperature range, is emphasized and we urge users to take it into account.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/641/A157
- Title:
- Limb-darkening coefficients for white dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/641/A157
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Systematic theoretical calculations of Doppler beaming factors are very scarce in the literature, mainly in the case of white dwarfs. Additionally, there are no specific calculations for the limb-darkening coefficients of 3D white dwarf models. The objective of this research is to provide the astronomical community with Doppler beaming calculations for a wide range of effective temperatures, local gravities and hydrogen/metal content for white dwarfs as well as stars on both the main sequence and the giant branch. In addition, for the first time we also present the theoretical calculations of the limb-darkening coefficients for 3D white dwarfs models. We computed Doppler beaming factors for DA, DB and DBA white dwarf models, as well as for main sequence and giant stars covering the transmission curves of the Sloan, UBVRI, HiPERCAM, Kepler, TESS, and Gaia photometric systems. The calculations of the limb-darkening coefficients for 3D models were carried out using the least-squares method for the same mentioned photometric systems. The input physics of the white dwarf models for which we have computed the Doppler beaming factors are: chemical compositions log[H/He]=-10.0 (DB), -2.0 (DBA) and He/H=0 (DA), with logg varying between 5.0 and 9.5 and effective temperatures in the range 3750-100000K. The beaming factors were also calculated assuming non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) for the case of DA white dwarfs with T_eff_>40000K. For the mixing-length parameters we adopted ML2/{alpha}=0.8 (DA case) and 1.25 (DB and DBA). The Doppler beaming factors for main sequence and giant stars were computed using the ATLAS9 version, characterized by metallicities ranging from [-2.5, 0.2] solar abundances, with logg varying between 0 and 5.0 and effective temperatures between 3500-50000K. The adopted microturbulent velocity for these models was 2.0km/s. The limb-darkening coefficients were computed for 3D DA and DB white dwarf models calculated with the CO^5^BOLD radiation-hydrodynamics code. The parameter range covered by 3D DA models spans logg values between 7.0 and 9.0, Teff between 6000 and 15000K and He/H=0. The 3D DB models cover a similar parameter range of logg between 7.5 and 9.0, Teff between 12000 and 34000K and logH/He=-10.0. We adopted six laws for the computation of the limb-darkening coefficients: linear, quadratic, square root, logarithmic, power-2, and a general one with four coefficients. The beaming factor calculations which use realistic models of stellar atmospheres show that the black body approximation is not accurate, mainly for the filters u, u', U, g, g' and B. The black body approach is only valid for high effective temperatures and/or long effective wavelengths. Therefore, for more accurate analyses of light curves, we recommend the use of the beaming factors presented in this paper. Concerning limb-darkening, the distribution of specific intensities for 3D models indicates that in general these models are less bright towards the limb than their 1D counterparts, which implies steeper profiles. To describe these intensities better, we recommend the use of the four-terms law (also for 1D models) given the level of precision that is being achieved with Earth-based instruments, as well as space missions such as Kepler, TESS or PLATO in the future.
