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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/345/419
- Title:
- Star formation in early-type galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/345/419
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We analyze the star formation properties of a sample of 21 shell galaxies and 30 early-type galaxies members of interacting pairs, located in low density environments (Longhetti et al., 1998, Cat. <J/A+AS/130/251>, 1998A&AS..130..267L). The study is based on new models developed to interpret the information coming from `blue' H{delta}FeI, H+K(CaII) and D4000 line-strength indices proposed by Rose (1984AJ.....89.1238R; 1985AJ.....90.1927R) and Hamilton (1985ApJ...297..371H). We find that the last star forming event that occurred in the nuclear region of shell galaxies is statistically old (from 0.1 up to several Gyr) with respect to the corresponding one in the sub-sample of pair galaxies (<0.1Gyr or even ongoing star formation). If the stellar activity is somehow related to the formation of shells, as predicted by several dynamical models of galaxy interaction, shells have to be considered long lasting structures. Since pair members show evidence of very recent star formation, we suggest that either large reservoirs of gas have to be present to maintain active star formation, if these galaxies are on periodic orbits, or most of the pair members in the present sample are experiencing unbound encounters.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/288/713
- Title:
- Star formation in galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/288/713
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Evolutionary models of disk galaxies are presented (table3), and are confronted with a sample of late type galaxies from the Tully (Nearby Galaxies, see Cat. <VII/145>) and the de Vaucouleurs (RC3, see Cat. <VII/155>) catalogues.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/661/L143
- Title:
- Star formation rate in Seyfert galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/661/L143
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Feedback from black hole activity is widely believed to play a key role in regulating star formation and black hole growth. A long-standing issue is the relation between star formation and the fueling of the supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We compile a sample of 57 Seyfert galaxies to tackle this issue. We estimate the surface densities of gas and star formation rates in circumnuclear regions (CNRs). Comparing them with the well-known Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) law, we find that the star formation rates (SFRs) in the CNRs of most Seyfert galaxies are suppressed in this sample. Feedback is suggested to explain the suppressed SFRs.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/765/126
- Title:
- Star spot models for M-dwarfs in NGC 2516
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/765/126
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- By combining rotation periods with spectroscopic determinations of projected rotation velocity, Jackson et al. (2009MNRAS.399L..89J) have found that the mean radii for low-mass M-dwarfs in the young, open cluster NGC 2516 are larger than model predictions at a given absolute I magnitude or I-K color and also larger than measured radii of magnetically inactive M-dwarfs. The relative radius difference is correlated with magnitude, increasing from a few percent at M_I_=7 to greater than 50% for the lowest luminosity stars in their sample at M_I_~9.5. Jackson et al. have suggested that a two-temperature star spot model is capable of explaining the observations, but their model requires spot coverage fractions of at least 50% in rapidly rotating M-dwarfs. Here we examine these results in terms of stellar models that include the inhibiting effects of magnetic fields on convective energy transport, with and without the effects of star spots. We find that a pure spot model is inconsistent with the color-magnitude diagram. The observations of radii versus color and radii versus absolute magnitude in NGC 2516 are consistent with models which include only magnetic inhibition or a combination of magnetic inhibition and spots. At a given mass we find a large dispersion in the strength of the vertical component of the magnetic field in the stellar photosphere but the general trend is that the vertical field increases with decreasing mass from a few hundred Gauss at 0.65M_{sun}_ to 600-900G, depending on spot coverage, in the lowest mass stars in the sample at 0.25M_{sun}_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/786/19
- Title:
- Statistical analysis of solar active regions
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/786/19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The subsurface properties of active regions (ARs) prior to their appearance at the solar surface may shed light on the process of AR formation. Helioseismic holography has been applied to samples taken from two populations of regions on the Sun (pre-emergence and without emergence), each sample having over 100 members, that were selected to minimize systematic bias, as described in Paper I (Leka et al. 2013ApJ...762..130L). Paper II (Birch et al. 2013ApJ...762..131B) showed that there are statistically significant signatures in the average helioseismic properties that precede the formation of an AR. This paper describes a more detailed analysis of the samples of pre-emergence regions and regions without emergence based on discriminant analysis. The property that is best able to distinguish the populations is found to be the surface magnetic field, even a day before the emergence time. However, after accounting for the correlations between the surface field and the quantities derived from helioseismology, there is still evidence of a helioseismic precursor to AR emergence that is present for at least a day prior to emergence, although the analysis presented cannot definitively determine the subsurface properties prior to emergence due to the small sample sizes.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/587/A31
- Title:
- Statistical test on binary stars non-coevality
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/587/A31
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We develop a statistical test on the expected difference in age estimates of two coeval stars in detached double-lined eclipsing binary systems that are only caused by observational uncertainties. We focus on stars in the mass range [0.8; 1.6] Msun, with an initial metallicity [Fe/H] from -0.55 to 0.55dex, and on stars in the main-sequence phase. The ages were obtained by means of the SCEPtER technique, a maximum-likelihood procedure relying on a pre-computed grid of stellar models. The observational constraints used in the recovery procedure are stellar mass, radius, effective temperature, and metallicity [Fe/H]. To check the effect of the uncertainties affecting observations on the (non-)coevality assessment, the chosen observational constraints were subjected to a Gaussian perturbation before applying the SCEPtER code. We defined the statistic W computed as the ratio of the absolute difference of estimated ages for the two stars over the age of the older one. We determined the critical values of this statistics above which coevality can be rejected in dependence on the mass of the two stars, on the initial metallicity [Fe/H], and on the evolutionary stage of the primary star. The median expected difference in the reconstructed age between the coeval stars of a binary system - caused alone by the observational uncertainties - shows a strong dependence on the evolutionary stage. This ranges from about 20% for an evolved primary star to about 75% for a near ZAMS primary. The median difference also shows an increase with the mass of the primary star from 20% for 0.8M_{sun}_ stars to about 50% for 1.6M_{sun}_ stars. The reliability of these results was checked by repeating the process with a grid of stellar models computed by a different evolutionary code; the median difference in the critical values was only 0.01. We show that the W test is much more sensible to age differences in the binary system components than the alternative approach of comparing the confidence interval of the age of the two stars. We also found that the distribution of W is, for almost all the examined cases, well approximated by beta distributions. The proposed method improves upon the techniques that are commonly adopted for judging the coevality of an observed system. It also provides a result founded on reliable statistics that simultaneously accounts for all the observational uncertainties.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/374/664
- Title:
- Stellar atmospheric parameters in MILES library
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/374/664
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a homogeneous set of stellar atmospheric parameters (Teff, logg, [Fe/H]) for MILES, a new spectral stellar library covering the range {lambda}{lambda}3525-7500{AA} at 2.3{AA} (FWHM) spectral resolution. The library consists of 985 stars spanning a large range in atmospheric parameters, from super-metal-rich, cool stars to hot, metal-poor stars. The spectral resolution, spectral type coverage and number of stars represent a substantial improvement over previous libraries used in population synthesis models. The atmospheric parameters that we present here are the result of a previous, extensive compilation from the literature. In order to construct a homogeneous data set of atmospheric parameters we have taken the sample of stars of Soubiran, Katz & Cayrel (1998, Cat. <J/A+AS/133/221>, which has very well determined fundamental parameters, as the standard reference system for our field stars, and have calibrated and bootstrapped the data from other papers against it. The atmospheric parameters for our cluster stars have also been revised and updated according to recent metallicity scales, colour-temperature relations and improved set of isochrones.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/575/A12
- Title:
- Stellar CharactEristics Pisa Estimation gRid
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/575/A12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Stellar age determination by means of grid-based techniques that adopt asteroseismic constraints is a well established method nowadays. However some theoretical aspects of the systematic and statistical errors affecting these age estimates still have to be investigated. We study the impact on stellar age determination of the uncertainty in the radiative opacity, in the initial helium abundance, in the mixing-length value, in the convective core overshooting, and in the microscopic diffusion efficiency adopted in stellar model computations. We extended our SCEPtER grid to include stars with mass in the range [0.8; 1.6]M_{sun}_ and evolutionary stages from the zero-age main sequence to the central hydrogen depletion. For the age estimation we adopted the same maximum likelihood technique as described in our previous work. To quantify the systematic errors arising from the current uncertainty in model computations, many synthetic grids of stellar models with perturbed input were adopted. We found that the current typical uncertainty in the observations accounts for 1{sigma} statistical relative error in age determination, which on average ranges from about -35% to +42%, depending on the mass. However, owing to the strong dependence on the evolutionary phase, the age's relative error can be higher than 120% for stars near the zero-age main sequence, while it is typically of the order of 20% or lower in the advanced main-sequence phase. The systematic bias on age determination due to a variation of +/-1 in the helium-to-metal enrichment ratio {Delta}Y/{Delta}Z is about one-fourth of the statistical error in the first 30% of the evolution, while it is negligible for more evolved stages. The maximum bias due to the presence of the convective core overshooting is -7% and -13% for mild and strong overshooting scenarios. For all the examined models, the impact of a variation of +/-5% in the radiative opacity was found to be negligible. The most important source of bias is the uncertainty in the mixing-length value {alpha}_ml_ and the neglect of microscopic diffusion. Each of these effects accounts for a bias that is nearly equal to the random error uncertainty. Comparison of the results of our technique with other grid techniques on a set of common stars showed general agreement. However, the adoption of a different grid can account for a variation in the mean estimated age up to 1Gyr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/310/210
- Title:
- Stellar composition of CMa R1
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/310/210
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This directory contains movies in mpeg format which show models for the time evolution of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of a very young open cluster between 0 and 30Myr. Four different star formation scenario's are considered, (a) instantaneous star formation, (b) constant rate of star formation with time, (c) increasing rate of star formation, and (d) decreasing rate of star formation. For the latter three scenario's, models for a duration of the star formation episode {delta}t of 0.1, 1.0 and 10Myr are computed.
