- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/519/L3
- Title:
- Lithium content of {omega} Cen
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/519/L3
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A discrepancy has emerged between the cosmic lithium abundance inferred by the WMAP satellite measurement coupled with the prediction of the standard big-bang nucleosynthesis theory, and the constant Li abundance measured in metal-poor halo dwarf stars (the so-called Spite plateau). Several models are being proposed to explain this discrepancy, involving either new physics, in situ depletion, or the efficient depletion of Li in the pristine Galaxy by a generation of massive first stars. The realm of possibilities may be narrowed considerably by observing stellar populations in different galaxies, which have experienced different evolutionary histories. The omega Centauri stellar system is commonly considered as the remnant of a dwarf galaxy accreted by the Milky Way. We investigate the lithium content of a conspicuous sample of unevolved stars in this object.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/442/961
- Title:
- Lithium content of the Galactic Halo stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/442/961
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Thanks to the accurate determination of the baryon density of the universe by the recent cosmic microwave background experiments, updated predictions of the standard model of Big Bang nucleosynthesis now yield the initial abundance of the primordial light elements with unprecedented precision. In the case of ^7^Li, the CMB+SBBN value is significantly higher than the generally reported abundances for Pop II stars along the so-called Spite plateau. In view of the crucial importance of this disagreement, which has cosmological, galactic and stellar implications, we decided to tackle the most critical issues of the problem by revisiting a large sample of literature Li data in halo stars that we assembled following some strict selection criteria on the quality of the original analyses. We dissect our sample in search of new constraints on Li depletion in halo stars. By means of the Hipparcos parallaxes, we derive the evolutionary status of each of our sample stars, and re-discuss our derived Li abundances.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/326/780
- Title:
- Lithium depletion in CABs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/326/780
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We included 2 tables containing photometric data, together equivalent width of LiI6708 A, for a sample of dwarf components of Chromospherically Active Binaries (CABs).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/541/A150
- Title:
- Lithium in M67 and Hyades
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/541/A150
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Lithium abundances in open clusters are a very effective probe of mixing processes, and their study can help to understand the large depletion of lithium in the Sun. Due to its age and metallicity, the open cluster M67 is especially interesting on this regard. Many studies on lithium abundances in M67 have already been performed, but a homogeneous global analysis of lithium in stars from subsolar up to the most massive members, was never accomplished for a large sample based on high-quality spectra. We tested our non-standard models, which were calibrated using the Sun with observational data. We collected literature data to follow, for the first time in a homogeneous way, NLTE lithium abundances of all observed single stars in M67 more massive than about 0.9 solar masses.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/653/A13
- Title:
- Lithium in NGC 2243 and NGC 104
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/653/A13
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We aim to determine the initial Li content of two clusters of similar metallicity but very different age, the old open cluster NGC 2243 and the metal-rich globular cluster NGC 104. We compare the lithium abundances derived for a large sample of stars (from the turn-off to the red giant branch) in each cluster. For NGC 2243, the Li abundances are taken from the catalogues released by the Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey, while for NGC 104 we measured the Li abundance using FLAMES/GIRAFFE spectra, which include both archival data and new observations.
1036. Lithium in Praesepe
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/106/1080
- Title:
- Lithium in Praesepe
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/106/1080
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Echelle observations are presented of lithium in 63 F and G dwarfs of the Praesepe cluster. For stars earlier than about G0V, Praesepe follows the same trends seen in the Hyades, which has approximately the same age and composition. Stars in Praesepe later than about G5V have more Li than their Hyades counterparts, possibly because Praesepe is slightly younger than the Hyades or has slightly lower metallicity. Significant differences in the abundance of Li are seen among stars of the same color, and, as in the Hyades, there is a tendency for the deviant stars to be binaries to the extent that duplicity in Praesepe is known. There are also stars with much less Li than most cluster members yet which appear to be true members of Praesepe. The close binary KW 181 has a normal Li abundance, despite the fact that similar close binaries in the Hyades are Li rich.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/633/A34
- Title:
- Lithium in red giant stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/633/A34
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Lithium is extensively known to be a good tracer of non-standard mixing processes occurring in stellar interiors. We present the results of a new large Lithium survey in red giant stars and combine it with surveys from the literature to probe the impact of rotation-induced mixing and thermohaline double-diffusive instability along stellar evolution. We determined the surface Li abundance for a sample of 829 giant stars with accurate Gaia parallaxes for a large subsample (810 stars) complemented with accurate Hipparcos parallaxes (19 stars). The spectra of our sample of northern and southern giant stars were obtained in three ground-based observatories (Observatoire de Haute-Provence, ESO-La Silla, and the Mc Donald Observatory). We determined the atmospheric parameters (Teff, log(g) and [Fe/H]), and the Li abundance. We used Gaia parallaxes and photometry to determine the luminosity of our objects and we estimated the mass and evolution status of each sample star with a maximum-likelihood technique using stellar evolution models computed with the STAREVOL code. We compared the observed Li behaviour with predictions from stellar models, including rotation and thermohaline mixing. The same approach was used for stars from selected Li surveys from the literature. Rotation-induced mixing accounts nicely for the lithium behaviour in stars warmer than about 4200K, independently of the mass domain. For stars with masses lower than 2M_{sun}_ thermohaline mixing leads to further Li depletion below the Teff of the RGB bump (about 4000K), and on the early AGB, as observed. Depending on the definition we adopt, we find between 0.8 and 2.2% of Li-rich giants in our new sample. Gaia puts a new spin on the understanding of mixing processes in stars, and our study confirms the importance of rotation-induced processes and of thermohaline mixing. However asteroseismology is required to definitively pinpoint the actual evolution status of Li-rich giants.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/657/A33
- Title:
- Lithium in the LRGB of 5 globular clusters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/657/A33
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Lithium is one of the few elements produced during the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in the early universe. Moreover, its fragility makes it useful as a proxy for stellar environmental conditions. As such, the lithium abundance in old systems is at the core of different astrophysical problems. Stars in the lower red giant branch allow studying globular clusters where main sequence stars are too faint to be observed. We use these stars to analyze the initial Li content of the clusters and compare it to cosmological predictions, to measure spreads in Li between different stellar populations, and to study signs of extra depletion in these giants.
1039. Lithium in the Pleiades
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/106/1059
- Title:
- Lithium in the Pleiades
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/106/1059
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report new measurements of lithium in more than 100 Pleiades F, G, and K dwarfs. Abundances were determined from spectrum synthesis fits to the data as well as from use of new curves of growth for the Li 6708 A feature (presented in an Appendix). We confirm the intrinsic spread in lithium abundance within the Pleiades seen by Duncan & Jones (1983ApJ...271..663D), but we establish more observational constraints on Li in this cluster: First, for stars near 1.0M_sun_ [about 0.60 to 0.75 in (B-V)0], the scatter in the relation between log N(Li) (defined as N(Li)) and T(eff) is consistent with our observational uncertainty. That means that most late-F and early-G dwarfs in the Pleiades are consistent with the tight N(Li) versus mass relation seen in the Hyades in the same mass range. Second, at (B-V)0~0.8 (M~0.9M_sun_), large and real star-to-star differences in N(Li) appear. The range in N(Li) at (B-V)0~0.8 is about 1dex, and grows to as much as 1.5dex for less massive stars. Third, the most Li-rich stars have abundances at or near the primordial level for Population I (N(Li)~3.2), and none exceed that level by a significant amount. Fourth, at any given color the stars that rotate fastest have the most Li and have the strongest chromospheric activity. We consider the ways in which an apparent spread in N(Li) could arise from an intrinsically tight N(Li)-mass relation and conclude that the spread is probably real and is not an artifact of line formation conditions or inhomogeneous atmospheres on the stars. It is possible to produce large apparent changes in N(Li) by covering a significant fraction of a star's surface with cooler regions ("spots"), but doing so has other ramifications that conflict with the observations. Some current models lead to a spread in N(Li) in which the fastest rotators (those that have lost the least angular momentum) have the most Li, and that mechanism may account for what is seen. A comparison of the Pleiades to the Alpha Persei cluster shows that most Alpha Persei stars have Li abundances comparable to their Pleiades counterparts, but there is a significant fraction (about 30%) of Alpha Persei stars that lie below the Pleiades in N(Li) by 1dex or more. Some of these anomalous stars have even less Li than Hyades stars of the same T(eff). If these stars are bona fide Alpha Persei members (and they probably are), their Li abundances strain our understanding of Li depletion. The Pleiades, considered together with Alpha Persei and the Hyades, shows that stars with [Fe/H]>=0.0 and which are more massive than about 1.25M_sun_ do not deplete Li prior to reaching main the sequence. Moreover, solar-abundance stars ([Fe/H]~0.0) with M>~1.1M_sun_ do not experience pre-main-sequence depletion either. Pleiades dwarfs near T(eff)=6700K show evidence of being depleted in Li, indicating that an incipient Li "chasm" is present even at an age of 70Myr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/819/135
- Title:
- Lithium-rich giants in globular clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/819/135
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Although red giants deplete lithium on their surfaces, some giants are Li-rich. Intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars can generate Li through the Cameron-Fowler conveyor, but the existence of Li-rich, low-mass red giant branch (RGB) stars is puzzling. Globular clusters are the best sites to examine this phenomenon because it is straightforward to determine membership in the cluster and to identify the evolutionary state of each star. In 72 hours of Keck/DEIMOS exposures in 25 clusters, we found four Li-rich RGB and two Li-rich AGB stars. There were 1696 RGB and 125 AGB stars with measurements or upper limits consistent with normal abundances of Li. Hence, the frequency of Li-richness in globular clusters is (0.2+/-0.1)% for the RGB, (1.6+/-1.1)% for the AGB, and (0.3+/-0.1)% for all giants. Because the Li-rich RGB stars are on the lower RGB, Li self-generation mechanisms proposed to occur at the luminosity function bump or He core flash cannot explain these four lower RGB stars. We propose the following origin for Li enrichment: (1) All luminous giants experience a brief phase of Li enrichment at the He core flash. (2) All post-RGB stars with binary companions on the lower RGB will engage in mass transfer. This scenario predicts that 0.1% of lower RGB stars will appear Li-rich due to mass transfer from a recently Li-enhanced companion. This frequency is at the lower end of our confidence interval.