- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/566/A146
- Title:
- Pair-instability supernovae models
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/566/A146
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Both recent observations and stellar evolution models suggest that pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) could occur in the local Universe, at metallicities below Z_{sun}_/3. Previous PISN models were mostly produced at very low metallicities in the context of the early Universe. We present new PISNe models at a metallicity of Z=0.001, which are relevant for the local Universe. We take the self-consistent stellar evolutionary models of pair-instability progenitors with initial masses of 150 and 250 solar masses at metallicity of Z=0.001 by Langer et al. (2007A&A...475L..19L) and follow the evolution of these models through the supernova explosions, using a hydrodynamics stellar evolution code with an extensive nuclear network including 200 isotopes. Both models explode as PISNe without leaving a compact stellar remnant. Our models produce a nucleosynthetic pattern that is generally similar to that of Population III PISN models, which is mainly characterized by the production of large amounts of elements and a strong deficiency of the odd-charged elements. However, the odd-even effect in our models is significantly weaker than that found in Population III models. The comparison with the nucleosynthetic yields from core-collapse supernovae at a similar metallicity (Z=0.002) indicates that PISNe could have strongly influenced the chemical evolution below Z=0.002, assuming a standard initial mass function. The odd-even effect is predicted to be most prominent for the intermediate mass elements between silicon and calcium. With future observations of chemical abundances in Population II stars, our result can be used to constrain the number of PISNe that occurred during the past evolution of our Galaxy.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/525/A124
- Title:
- Pal1-I elemental equivalent widths and abundances
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/525/A124
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Palomar 1 is a peculiar globular cluster (GC). It is the youngest Galactic GC and it has been tentatively associated to several of the substructures recently discovered in the Milky Way (MW), including the Canis Major (CMa) overdensity and the Galactic Anticenter Stellar Structure (GASS). In order to provide further insights into its origin, we present the first high resolution chemical abundance analysis for one red giant in Pal 1. We obtained high resolution (R=30000) spectra for one red giant star in Pal 1 using the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) mounted at the SUBARU telescope. We used ATLAS-9 model atmospheres coupled with the SYNTHE and WIDTH calculation codes to derive chemical abundances from the measured line equivalent widths of 18 among alpha, Iron-peak, light and heavy elements. The Palomar 1 chemical pattern is broadly compatible to that of the MW open clusters population and similar to disk stars. It is, instead, remarkably different from that of the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf spheroidal galaxy. If Pal 1 association with either CMa or GASS will be confirmed, this will imply that these systems had a chemical evolution similar to that of the Galactic disk.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/601/A41
- Title:
- Palomar 5 abundance analysis
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/601/A41
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a chemical abundance analysis of the tidally disrupted globular cluster (GC) Palomar 5. By co-adding high-resolution spectra of 15 member stars from the cluster's main body, taken at low signal-to-noise with the Keck/HIRES spectrograph, we were able to measure integrated abundance ratios of 24 species of 20 elements including all major nucleosynthetic channels (namely the light element Na; {alpha}-elements Mg, Si, Ca, Ti; Fe-peak and heavy elements Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn; and the neutron-capture elements Y, Zr, Ba, La, Nd, Sm, Eu). The mean metallicity of -1.56+/-0.02+/-0.06dex (statistical and systematic errors) agrees well with the values from individual, low-resolution measurements of individual stars, but it is lower than previous high-resolution results of a small number of stars in the literature. Comparison with Galactic halo stars and other disrupted and unperturbed GCs renders Pal 5 a typical representative of the Milky Way halo population, as has been noted before, emphasizing that the early chemical evolution of such clusters is decoupled from their later dynamical history. We also performed a test as to the detectability of light element variations in this co-added abundance analysis technique and found that this approach is not sensitive even in the presence of a broad range in sodium of ~0.6dex, a value typically found in the old halo GCs. Thus, while methods of determining the global abundance patterns of such objects are well suited to study their overall enrichment histories, chemical distinctions of their multiple stellar populations is still best obtained from measurements of individual stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/19
- Title:
- Pan-Pacific Planet Search (PPPS). V. 164 stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present spectroscopic stellar parameters for the complete target list of 164 evolved stars from the Pan-Pacific Planet Search, a five-year radial velocity campaign using the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope. For 87 of these bright giants, our work represents the first determination of their fundamental parameters. Our results carry typical uncertainties of 100K, 0.15dex, and 0.1dex in T_eff_, logg, and [Fe/H] and are consistent with literature values where available. The derived stellar masses have a mean of 1.31_-0.25_^+0.28^M_{Sun}_, with a tail extending to ~2M_{Sun}_, consistent with the interpretation of these targets as "retired" A-F type stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/159/174
- Title:
- Parameters & abundances for Hyades/Field G-K dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/159/174
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It has been suggested that Fe abundances of K dwarfs derived from FeI and FeII lines show considerable discrepancies, and oxygen abundances determined from high-excitation OI-7771-5 triplet lines are appreciably overestimated (the problem becoming more serious toward lower Teff), which, however, has not yet been widely confirmed. With the aim of clarifying this issue, we spectroscopically determined the atmospheric parameters of 148 G-K dwarfs (Hyades cluster stars and field stars) by assuming the classical FeI/FeII ionization equilibrium as usual, and determined their oxygen abundances by applying the non-local thermal equilibrium spectrum fitting analysis to OI-7771-5 lines. It turned out that the resulting parameters did not show any significant inconsistency with those determined by other methods (for example, the mean differences in Teff and logg from the well-determined solutions of Hyades dwarfs are mostly <~100K and <~0.1dex). Likewise, the oxygen abundances of Hyades stars are around [O/H]~+0.2dex (consistent with the metallicity of this cluster) without exhibiting any systematic Teff-dependence. Accordingly, we conclude that parameters can be spectroscopically evaluated to a sufficient precision in the conventional manner (based on the Saha-Boltzmann equation for FeI/FeII) and oxygen abundances can be reliably determined from the OI-7771-5 triplet for K dwarfs as far as stars of Teff>~4500K are concerned. We suspect that previously reported strongly Teff-dependent discrepancies may have stemmed mainly from overestimation of weak-line strengths and/or improper Teff scale.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/133/2464
- Title:
- Parameters and abundances of nearby giants
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/133/2464
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present parameter and abundance data for a sample of 298 nearby giants. The spectroscopic data for this work have a resolution of R~60000S/N>150, and spectral coverage from 475 to 685nm. Overall trends in the Z>10 abundances are dominated by Galactic chemical evolution, while the light-element abundances are influenced by stellar evolution, as well as Galactic evolution. We find several super-Li stars in our sample and confirm that Li abundances in the first giant branch are related to mixing depths.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/159/254
- Title:
- Parameters for 453 metal-poor stars in NGC5139
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/159/254
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The most massive and complex globular clusters in the Galaxy are thought to have originated as the nuclear cores of now tidally disrupted dwarf galaxies, but the connection between globular clusters and dwarf galaxies is tenuous with the M54/Sagittarius system representing the only unambiguous link. The globular cluster Omega Centauri ({omega}Cen) is more massive and chemically diverse than M54, and is thought to have been the nuclear star cluster of either the Sequoia or Gaia-Enceladus galaxy. Local Group dwarf galaxies with masses equivalent to these systems often host significant populations of very metal-poor stars ([Fe/H]<-2.5), and one might expect to find such objects in {omega}Cen. Using high-resolution spectra from Magellan-M2FS, we detected 11 stars in a targeted sample of 395 that have [Fe/H] ranging from -2.30 to -2.52. These are the most metal-poor stars discovered in the cluster, and are five times more metal-poor than {omega}Cen's dominant population. However, these stars are not so metal-poor as to be unambiguously linked to a dwarf galaxy origin. The cluster's metal-poor tail appears to contain two populations near [Fe/H]~-2.1 and -2.4, which are very centrally concentrated but do not exhibit any peculiar kinematic signatures. Several possible origins for these stars are discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/6
- Title:
- Parameters of Kepler stars using LAMOST & seismic data
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/6
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Asteroseismology is a powerful tool to precisely determine the evolutionary status and fundamental properties of stars. With the unprecedented precision and nearly continuous photometric data acquired by the NASA Kepler mission, parameters of more than 10^4^ stars have been determined nearly consistently. However, most studies still use photometric effective temperatures (Teff) and metallicities ([Fe/H]) as inputs, which are not sufficiently accurate as suggested by previous studies. We adopted the spectroscopic Teff and [Fe/H] values based on the LAMOST low-resolution spectra (R~1,800), and combined them with the global oscillation parameters to derive the physical parameters of a large sample of stars. Clear trends were found between {Delta}logg(LAMOST-seismic) and spectroscopic Teff as well as logg, which may result in an overestimation of up to 0.5dex for the logg of giants in the LAMOST catalog. We established empirical calibration relations for the logg values of dwarfs and giants. These results can be used for determining the precise distances to these stars based on their spectroscopic parameters.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/791/107
- Title:
- Parameters of NGC 5139 SGBs stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/791/107
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- {omega} Centauri is a peculiar globular cluster formed by a complex stellar population. To investigate it, we studied 172 stars belonging to the five SGBs that we can identify in our photometry, in order to measure their [Fe/H] content as well as estimate their age dispersion and the age-metallicity relation. The first important result is that all of these SGBs have a distribution in metallicity with a spread that exceeds the observational errors and typically displays several peaks that indicate the presence of several subpopulations. We were able to identify at least six of them based on their mean [Fe/H] content. These metallicity-based subpopulations are seen to varying extents in each of the five SGBs. Taking advantage of the age sensitivity of the SGB, we showed that, first of all, at least half of the subpopulations have an age spread of at least 2 Gyr. Then, we obtained an age-metallicity relation that is the most complete to date for this cluster. Interpretation of the age-metallicity relation is not straightforward, but it is possible that the cluster (or what we can call its progenitor) was initially composed of two populations with different metallicities. Because of their age, it is very unlikely that the most metal-rich derives from the most metal-poor by some kind of chemical evolution process, so they can be assumed to be two independent primordial objects, or perhaps two separate parts of a single larger object, that merged in the past to form the present-day cluster.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/446/1020
- Title:
- Parent stars of extrasolar planets. XIV.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/446/1020
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the results of our analysis of new high-resolution spectra of 30 late-F to early-G dwarf field stars for the purpose of deriving their Li abundances. They were selected from the subsample of stars in the Valenti and Fischer compilation that are lacking detected planets. These new data serve to expand our comparison sample used to test whether stars with Doppler-detected giant planets display Li abundance anomalies. Our results continue to show that Li is deficient among stars with planets when compared to very similar stars that lack such planets. This conclusion is strengthened when we add literature data to ours in a consistent way. We present a table of stars with planets paired with very similar stars lacking planets, extending the recent similar results of Delgado Mena et al. (2014A&A...562A..92D, Cat. J/A+A/562/A92).