- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/249/30
- Title:
- R-Process Alliance: metal-poor star spectroscopy
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/249/30
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This compilation is the fourth data release from the R-Process Alliance (RPA) search for r-process-enhanced stars and the second release based on "snapshot" high-resolution (R~30000) spectra collected with the du Pont 2.5m Telescope. In this data release, we propose a new delineation between the r-I and r-II stellar classes at [Eu/Fe]=+0.7, instead of the empirically chosen [Eu/Fe]=+1.0 level previously in use, based on statistical tests of the complete set of RPA data released to date. We also statistically justify the minimum level of [Eu/Fe] for definition of the r-I stars, [Eu/Fe]>+0.3. Redefining the separation between r-I and r-II stars will aid in the analysis of the possible progenitors of these two classes of stars and determine whether these signatures arise from separate astrophysical sources at all. Applying this redefinition to previous RPA data, the number of identified r-II and r-I stars changes to 51 and 121, respectively, from the initial set of data releases published thus far. In this data release, we identify 21 new r-II, 111 new r-I (plus 3 re-identified), and 7 new (plus 1 re-identified) limited-r stars out of a total of 232 target stars, resulting in a total sample of 72 new r-II stars, 232 new r-I stars, and 42 new limited-r stars identified by the RPA to date.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/868/110
- Title:
- R-Process Alliance: 1st release in Galactic halo
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/868/110
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper presents the detailed abundances and r-process classifications of 125 newly identified metal-poor stars as part of an ongoing collaboration, the R-Process Alliance. The stars were identified as metal-poor candidates from the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) and were followed up at high spectral resolution (R~31500) with the 3.5m telescope at Apache Point Observatory. The atmospheric parameters were determined spectroscopically from FeI lines, taking into account <3D> non-LTE corrections and using differential abundances with respect to a set of standards. Of the 125 new stars, 124 have [Fe/H]{<}-1.5, 105 have [Fe/H]{<}-2.0, and 4 have [Fe/H]{<}-3.0. Nine new carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars have been discovered, three of which are enhanced in r-process elements. Abundances of neutron-capture elements reveal 60 new r-I stars (with +0.3<=[Eu/Fe]<=+1.0 and [Ba/Eu]<0) and 4 new r-II stars (with [Eu/Fe]>+1.0). Nineteen stars are found to exhibit a "limited-r" signature ([Sr/Ba]>+0.5, [Ba/Eu]<0). For the r-II stars, the second- and third-peak main r-process patterns are consistent with the r-process signature in other metal-poor stars and the Sun. The abundances of the light, {alpha}, and Fe-peak elements match those of typical Milky Way (MW) halo stars, except for one r-I star that has high Na and low Mg, characteristic of globular cluster stars. Parallaxes and proper motions from the second Gaia data release yield UVW space velocities for these stars that are consistent with membership in the MW halo. Intriguingly, all r-II and the majority of r-I stars have retrograde orbits, which may indicate an accretion origin.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/170
- Title:
- RRLs in globulars. IV. UBVRI photometry in Omega Cen
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/170
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- New accurate and homogeneous optical UBVRI photometry has been obtained for variable stars in the Galactic globular cluster {omega} Cen (NGC 5139). We secured 8202 CCD images covering a time interval of 24 years and a sky area of 84x48arcmin. The current data were complemented with data available in the literature and provided new, homogeneous pulsation parameters (mean magnitudes, luminosity amplitudes, periods) for 187 candidate {omega} Cen RR Lyrae (RRLs). Among them we have 101 RRc (first overtone) and 85 RRab (fundamental) variables, and a single candidate RRd (double-mode) variable. Candidate Blazhko RRLs show periods and colors that are intermediate between the RRc and RRab variables, suggesting that they are transitional objects. A comparison of the period distribution and the Bailey diagram indicates that RRLs in {omega} Cen show a long-period tail not present in typical Oosterhoff II (OoII) globulars. The RRLs in dwarf spheroidals and in ultra-faint dwarfs have properties between Oosterhoff intermediate and OoII clusters. Metallicity plays a key role in shaping the above evidence. These findings do not support the hypothesis that {omega} Cen is the core remnant of a spoiled dwarf galaxy. Using optical period-Wesenheit relations that are reddening-free and minimally dependent on metallicity we find a mean distance to {omega} Cen of 13.71+/-0.08+/-0.01mag (semi-empirical and theoretical calibrations). Finally, we invert the I-band period-luminosity-metallicity relation to estimate individual RRLs' metal abundances. The metallicity distribution agrees quite well with spectroscopic and photometric metallicity estimates available in the literature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/863/79
- Title:
- RR Lyrae cand. in the Galactic Center
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/863/79
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Deep near-IR images from the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) Survey were used to search for RR Lyrae stars within 100 arcmin from the Galactic Center. A large sample of 960 RR Lyrae of type ab (RRab) stars were discovered. A catalog is presented featuring the positions, magnitudes, colors, periods, and amplitudes for the sample, in addition to estimated reddenings, distances, and metallicities, and measured individual relative proper motions. We use the reddening-corrected Wesenheit magnitudes, defined as W_Ks_=Ks-0.428x(J-Ks), in order to isolate bona fide RRL belonging to the Galaxy Center, finding that 30 RRab are foreground/background objects. We measure a range of extinctions from A_Ks_=0.19 to 1.75mag for the RRab in this region, finding that large extinction is the main cause of the sample incompleteness. The mean period is P=0.5446+/-0.0025d, yielding a mean metallicity of [Fe/H]=-1.30+/-0.01 ({sigma}=0.33)dex for the RRab sample in the Galactic Center region. The median distance for the sample is D=8.05+/-0.02kpc. We measure the RRab surface density using the less reddened region sampled here, finding a density of 1000 RRab/sq deg at a projected Galactocentric distance R_G_=1.6deg. Under simple assumptions, this implies a large total mass (M>10^9^M_{sun}_) for the old and metal-poor population contained inside RG. We also measure accurate relative proper motions, from which we derive tangential velocity dispersions of {sigma}V_l_=125.0 and {sigma}V_b_=124.1km/s along the Galactic longitude and latitude coordinates, respectively. The fact that these quantities are similar indicate that the bulk rotation of the RRab population is negligible, and implies that this population is supported by velocity dispersion. In summary, there are two main conclusions of this study. First, the population as a whole is no different from the outer bulge RRab, predominantly a metal-poor component that is shifted with respect to the Oosterhoff type I population defined by the globular clusters in the halo. Second, the RRab sample, as representative of the old and metal-poor stellar population in the region, has high velocity dispersions and zero rotation, suggesting a formation via dissipational collapse.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/132/1202
- Title:
- RR Lyrae in Northern Sky Variability Survey
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/132/1202
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We use data from the Northern Sky Variability Survey (NSVS), obtained from the first-generation Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (ROTSE-I), to identify and study RR Lyrae variable stars in the solar neighborhood. We initially identified 1197 RRab (RR0) candidate stars brighter than the ROTSE median magnitude V=14. Periods, amplitudes, and mean V magnitudes are determined for a subset of 1188 RRab stars with well-defined light curves. Metallicities are determined for 589 stars by the Fourier parameter method and by the relationship between period, amplitude, and [Fe/H]. We comment on the difficulties of clearly classifying RRc (RR1) variables in the NSVS data set. Distances to the RRab stars are calculated using an adopted luminosity-metallicity relation with corrections for interstellar extinction. The 589 RRab stars in our final sample are used to study the properties of the RRab population within 5kpc of the Sun. The Bailey diagram of period versus amplitude shows that the largest component of this sample belongs to Oosterhoff type I. Metal-rich ([Fe/H]>-1) RRab stars appear to be associated with the Galactic disk. Our metal-rich RRab sample may include a thin-disk, as well as a thick-disk population, although the uncertainties are too large to establish this. There is some evidence among the metal-rich RRab stars for a decline in scale height with increasing [Fe/H], as was found by Layden. The distribution of RRab stars with -1<[Fe/H]<-1.25 indicates that within this metallicity range the RRab stars are a mixture of stars belonging to halo and disk populations.
1456. RR Lyrae Metallicities
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/III/176
- Title:
- RR Lyrae Metallicities
- Short Name:
- III/176
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This catalog presents metal abundance, distance and radial velocity data on a sample of 302 ab-type RR Lyrae variables within about 2.5 kpc of the Sun. The metal abundance information was obtained from low-medium resolution spectra, using the pseudo-equivalent widths of the Ca II K line and the the H-delta, H-gamma and H-beta lines. The technique employed was similar to Preston's (1959ApJ...130..507P) {Delta}-S method, though significant differences exist; see the source reference for details. The data were calibrated to the Zinn & West (1984ApJS...55...45Z) globular cluster abundance scale. The photometry employed in the distance determinations was primarily taken from the General Catalog of Variable Stars (1985, hereafter GCVS4). Exceptions are noted in column 29; the letters match the footnotes in Table 10 of Layden (1994AJ....108.1016L). The minimum and maximum light photometry, and rise-time were combined following Barnes & Hawley (1986ApJ...307L...9B) to give an estimate of the intensity- averaged magnitude, i.e. the magnitude the star would have if it were not variable. When the GCVS4 quoted magnitudes in passbands other than V, the GCVS4 magnitudes were transformed to the V passband using the relations established in Layden (1994AJ....108.1016L). The interstellar absorption estimates are from Burstein & Heiles (1982AJ.....87.1165B), modified by a simple dust-distribution model. The distances were computed assuming the Mv(RR)-[Fe/H] relation of Carney, Storm & Jones (1992ApJ...386..663C). Radial velocities were measured from the spectra via cross-correlation with secondary velocity standards. The velocities from the individual spectra were fit with a standard radial velocity curve in the (phase, velocity) plane, to give an estimate of the systemic (center of mass) velocity of each star. The error in this value was estimated from the scatter about the best-fit velocity curve, and the quality of the spectra employed. Other methods were used to combine the individual velocities when the situation demanded (cm = 2,3 in column 70; see Layden (1994AJ....108.1016L) for details). The observed velocities were combined with values from the literature to produce a final, best estimate of the systemic radial velocity of each star, and its error.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/330/515
- Title:
- RR Lyrae parallaxes & proper motions
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/330/515
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have used HIPPARCOS proper motions and the method of Statistical Parallax to estimate the absolute magnitude of RR Lyrae stars. In addition we used the HIPPARCOS parallax of RR Lyrae itself to determine it's absolute magnitude. These two results are in excellent agreement with each other and give a zero-point for the RR Lyrae M_v_,[Fe/H] relation of 0.77+/-0.15 at [Fe/H]=-1.53. This zero-point is in good agreement with that obtained recently by several groups using Baade-Wesselink methods which, averaged over the results from the different groups, gives M_v_=0.73+/-0.14 at [Fe/H]=-1.53. Taking the HIPPARCOS based zero-point and a value of 0.18+/-0.03 for the slope of the M_v_,[Fe/H] relation from the literature we find firstly, the distance modulus of the LMC is 18.26+/-0.15 and secondly, the mean age of the Globular Clusters is 17.4+/-3.0 GYrs. These values are compared with recent estimates based on other "standard candles" that have also been calibrated with HIPPARCOS data. It is clear that, in addition to astrophysical problems, there are also problems in the application of HIPPARCOS data that are not yet fully understood.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/125/313
- Title:
- RR Lyrae radial velocities and [Fe/H] I.
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/125/313
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present systemic velocities and iron abundances for 56 RR Lyraes, the majority of which have been observed by the HIPPARCOS satellite. Comparison between our systemic velocities and previous values identifies several binary candidates only one of which, TU UMa, was previously suspected of being a binary. However, spectra of the unusual RR Lyrae BB Vir show no evidence of line doubling and hence do not support the recent claims that this star may have a Blue Horizontal Branch companion. Comparison between our abundances and previous determinations shows reasonable agreement except with the recent work of Layden (1994, Cat. <J/AJ/108/1016>) where we find systematic differences. Several of the stars included on the HIPPARCOS observing list as RR Lyraes are shown to be mis-classified. Of particular interest are the stars V363 Cas and AT And which, by analogy with XZ Cet, may be anomalous Cepheids.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/125/321
- Title:
- RR Lyrae radial velocities and [Fe/H] II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/125/321
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This is the second of the papers devoted to derive radial velocities and iron abundances of field RR Lyraes observed by HIPPARCOS. Our abundances show good agreement with those in the literature obtained both from photometric ({DELTA}S index) and spectroscopic methods. Binary candidates and stars misclassified as RR Lyraes in the original HIPPARCOS list have been also identified.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/246/8
- Title:
- RR Lyrae star candidates from SDSS-DR15
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/246/8
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- With the increase of known RR Lyrae stars, it is reliable to create classifiers of RR Lyrae stars based on their photometric data or combined photometric and spectroscopic data. Nevertheless the total number of known RR Lyrae stars is still too small compared with the large survey databases. So classification of RR Lyrae stars and other sources belongs to imbalanced learning. Based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometric and spectroscopic data, we apply cost-sensitive Random Forests fit for imbalanced learning to preselect RR Lyrae star candidates. Only with photometric data, u-g,g-r,r-i,i-z is the best input pattern. While also considering physical parameters (Teff, [Fe/H], log(g)), the optimal input pattern is Teff, [Fe/H], log(g), u-g,g-r,r-i,i-z, at this moment for cost-sensitive Random Forests, the performance metrics of completeness, contamination, and Matthews correlation coefficient are 0.975, 0.019, and 0.975, respectively. It indicates that adding stellar physical parameters is helpful for identifying RR Lyrae stars from other stars. We apply the best classifiers on the SDSS photometric data and combined photometric data with physical parameters to select RR Lyrae star candidates. Finally 11,041 photometric candidates with spectral type A and F are obtained, and then 304 candidates with physical parameters are selected out. Among the 304 candidates, a small part are HB stars, BS stars, RGB stars, and peculiar stars, and the rest are unknown in the Simbad database. These candidates may be used as the input catalog for time-series follow-up observations.