- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/809/25
- Title:
- Stellar and planet properties for K2 candidates
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/809/25
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The extended Kepler mission, K2, is now providing photometry of new fields every three months in a search for transiting planets. In a recent study, Foreman-Mackey and collaborators presented a list of 36 planet candidates orbiting 31 stars in K2 Campaign 1. In this contribution, we present stellar and planetary properties for all systems. We combine ground-based seeing-limited survey data and adaptive optics imaging with an automated transit analysis scheme to validate 21 candidates as planets, 17 for the first time, and identify 6 candidates as likely false positives. Of particular interest is K2-18 (EPIC 201912552), a bright (K=8.9) M2.8 dwarf hosting a 2.23+/-0.25 R_{earth}_ planet with T_eq_=272+/-15 K and an orbital period of 33 days. We also present two new open-source software packages which enable this analysis. The first, isochrones, is a flexible tool for fitting theoretical stellar models to observational data to determine stellar properties using a nested sampling scheme to capture the multimodal nature of the posterior distributions of the physical parameters of stars that may plausibly be evolved. The second is vespa, a new general-purpose procedure to calculate false positive probabilities and statistically validate transiting exoplanets.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/374/664
- Title:
- Stellar atmospheric parameters in MILES library
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/374/664
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a homogeneous set of stellar atmospheric parameters (Teff, logg, [Fe/H]) for MILES, a new spectral stellar library covering the range {lambda}{lambda}3525-7500{AA} at 2.3{AA} (FWHM) spectral resolution. The library consists of 985 stars spanning a large range in atmospheric parameters, from super-metal-rich, cool stars to hot, metal-poor stars. The spectral resolution, spectral type coverage and number of stars represent a substantial improvement over previous libraries used in population synthesis models. The atmospheric parameters that we present here are the result of a previous, extensive compilation from the literature. In order to construct a homogeneous data set of atmospheric parameters we have taken the sample of stars of Soubiran, Katz & Cayrel (1998, Cat. <J/A+AS/133/221>, which has very well determined fundamental parameters, as the standard reference system for our field stars, and have calibrated and bootstrapped the data from other papers against it. The atmospheric parameters for our cluster stars have also been revised and updated according to recent metallicity scales, colour-temperature relations and improved set of isochrones.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/557/A128
- Title:
- Stellar [Fe/H] and [Na/H] in NGC6752
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/557/A128
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new method to estimate the fraction of stars with chemical composition of first and second(s) generation(s) currently hosted in Galactic globular clusters (GCs). We compare cluster and field stars of similar metallicity in the [Fe/H]-[Na/H] plane. Since the phenomenon of multiple populations is only restricted to the cluster environment, the number of GC stars whose location coincides with that of field stars provides the fraction of first generation stars in that cluster. By exclusion, the fraction of second generation stars is derived. We assembled a dataset of 1891 field stars of the thin disk, thick disk, and halo of the Milky Way in the metallicity range -3.15<=[Fe/H]<=+0.48dex and with Na abundance from high resolution spectra. They are mostly dwarfs, but include also giants. Considering only the range in metallicity spanned by most GCs extensively studied for the Na-O anticorrelation (-2.36<=[Fe/H]<=-0.33dex), we have 804 stars. The total sample is homogeneized by offsets in [Fe/H] and [Na/H] with respect to a reference sample using the same line list and NLTE correction for Na adopted in a recent extensive survey of GC stars. This fully accounts for offsets among analyses due to different temperature scales, line lists, adopted (or neglected) corrections for departures from LTE. We illustrate our method estimating the fraction of first and second generation stars in the well studied GC NGC 6752. As a by-product, the comparison of [Na/H] values in GC and field stars suggests that at least two classes of old stellar systems probably contributed to the halo assembly: one group with characteristics similar to the currently existing GCs, and the other more similar to the present-day dwarf satellite galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/856/15
- Title:
- Stellar mass-metallicity relation. I.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/856/15
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the stellar mass-stellar metallicity relationship (MZR) in the galaxy cluster Cl0024+1654 at z~0.4 using full-spectrum stellar population synthesis modeling of individual quiescent galaxies. The lower limit of our stellar mass range is M*=10^9.7^M_{sun}_, the lowest galaxy mass at which individual stellar metallicity has been measured beyond the local universe. We report a detection of an evolution of the stellar MZR with observed redshift at 0.037+/-0.007dex per Gyr, consistent with the predictions from hydrodynamical simulations. Additionally, we find that the evolution of the stellar MZR with observed redshift can be explained by an evolution of the stellar MZR with the formation time of galaxies, i.e., when the single stellar population (SSP)-equivalent ages of galaxies are taken into account. This behavior is consistent with stars forming out of gas that also has an MZR with a normalization that decreases with redshift. Lastly, we find that over the observed mass range, the MZR can be described by a linear function with a shallow slope ([Fe/H]{propto}(0.16+/-0.03)logM*). The slope suggests that galaxy feedback, in terms of mass-loading factor, might be mass-independent over the observed mass and redshift range.
1625. Stellar models VI.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/115/339
- Title:
- Stellar models VI.
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/115/339
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- New grids of models covering the evolution of low mass stars (0.8 to 1.7M{sun}) with metallicities Z=0.020 and 0.001 from the zero age main sequence up to the end of the early asymptotic giant branch are presented. The evolutionary tracks have been calculated with the new OPAL radiative opacities by Iglesias & Rogers (1992ApJ...397..717I) and Kurucz (1991). They complete the base of extensive grids of stellar models computed by the Geneva Group with up-to-date input physics (Schaller et al. 1992, Cat. J/A+AS/115/339; Schaerer et al. 1992, Cat. J/A+AS/98/523; Charbonnel et al. 1993, Cat. J/A+AS/101/415; Schaerer et al. 1993, Cat. J/A+AS/102/339; Meynet et al. 1994, Cat. J/A+AS/103/97).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/627/A24
- Title:
- Stellar models with rotation. 1.7<M<120, Z=0.0004
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/627/A24
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The effects of rotation on stellar evolution are particularly important at low metallicity, when mass loss by stellar winds diminishes and the surface enrichment due to rotational mixing becomes relatively more pronounced than at high metallicities. Here we investigate the impact of rotation and metallicity on stellar evolution. Using a similar physics as in our previous large grids of models at Z=0.002 and Z=0.014, we compute stellar evolution models with the Geneva code for rotating and non-rotating stars with initial masses (Mini) between 1.7 and 120M_{sun}_ and Z=0.0004 (1/35 solar). This is comparable to the metallicities of the most metal poor galaxies observed so far, such as I Zw 18. Concerning massive stars, both rotating and non-rotating models spend most of their core-helium burning phase with an effective temperature higher than 8000K. Stars become red supergiants only at the end of their lifetimes, and few RSGs are expected. Our models predict very few to no classical Wolf-Rayet stars as a results of weak stellar winds at low metallicity. The most massive stars end their lifetimes as luminous blue supergiants or luminous blue variables, a feature that is not predicted by models with higher metallicities. Interestingly, due to the behavior of the intermediate convective zone, the mass domain of stars producing pair-instability supernovae is smaller at Z=0.0004 than at Z=0.002. We find that during the main sequence phase, the ratio between nitrogen and carbon abundances (N/C) remains unchanged for non-rotating models. However, N/C increases by factors of 10-20 in rotating models at the end of the MS. Cepheids coming from stars with Mini>4-6M_{sun}_ are beyond the core helium burning phase and spend little time in the instability strip. Since they would evolve towards cooler effective temperatures, these Cepheids should show an increase of the pulsation period as a function of age.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/126
- Title:
- Stellar parameters & abund. from BACCHUS analysis
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/156/126
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Data from the SDSS-IV/Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2) have been released as part of SDSS Data Releases 13 (DR13) and 14 (DR14). These include high-resolution H-band spectra, radial velocities, and derived stellar parameters and abundances. DR13, released in 2016 August, contained APOGEE data for roughly 150000 stars, and DR14, released in 2017 August, added about 110000 more. Stellar parameters and abundances have been derived with an automated pipeline, the APOGEE Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundance Pipeline (ASPCAP). We evaluate the performance of this pipeline by comparing the derived stellar parameters and abundances to those inferred from optical spectra and analysis for several hundred stars. For most elements - C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ca, Cr, Mn, Ni - the DR14 ASPCAP analyses have systematic differences with the comparisons samples of less than 0.05 dex (median), and random differences of less than 0.15 dex (standard deviation). These differences are a combination of the uncertainties in both the comparison samples as well as the ASPCAP analysis. Compared to the references, magnesium is the most accurate alpha-element derived by ASPCAP, and shows a very clear thin/thick disk separation, while nickel is the most accurate iron-peak element (besides iron itself).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/589/A61
- Title:
- Stellar parameters and abundances for M30
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/589/A61
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The prediction of the PLANCK-constrained primordial lithium abundance in the Universe is in discordance with the observed Li abundances in warm Population II dwarf and subgiant stars. Among the physically best motivated ideas, it has been suggested that this discrepancy can be alleviated if the stars observed today had undergone photospheric depletion of lithium. The cause of this depletion is investigated by accurately tracing the behaviour of the lithium abundances as a function of effective temperature. Globular clusters are ideal laboratories for such an abundance analysis as the relative stellar parameters of their stars can be precisely determined. We performed a homogeneous chemical abundance analysis of 144 stars in the metal-poor globular cluster M30, ranging from the cluster turnoff point to the tip of the red giant branch. Non-local thermal equilibrium (NLTE) abundances for Li, Ca, and Fe were derived where possible by fitting spectra obtained with VLT/FLAMES-GIRAFFE using the quantitative-spectroscopy package SME. Stellar parameters were derived by matching isochrones to the observed V vs V-I colour-magnitude diagram. Independent effective temperatures were obtained from automated profile fitting of the Balmer lines and by applying colour-Teff calibrations to the broadband photometry.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/567/A72
- Title:
- Stellar parameters and abundances in NGC 6752
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/567/A72
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Abundance trends in heavier elements with evolutionary phase have been shown to exist in the globular cluster NGC 6752. These trends are a result of atomic diffusion and additional (non-convective) mixing. Studying such trends can provide us with important constraints on the extent to which diffusion modifies the internal structure and surface abundances of solar-type, metal-poor stars. Taking advantage of a larger data sample, we investigate the reality and the size of these abundance trends and address questions and potential biases associated with the various stellar populations that make up NGC 6752. We perform an abundance analysis by combining photometric and spectroscopic data of 194 stars located between the turnoff point and the base of the red giant branch. Stellar parameters are derived from uvby Stromgren photometry. Using the quantitative-spectroscopy package SME, stellar surface abundances for light elements such as Li, Na, Mg, Al, and Si as well as heavier elements such as Ca, Ti, and Fe are derived in an automated way by fitting synthetic spectra to individual lines in the stellar spectra, obtained with the VLT/FLAMES-GIRAFFE spectrograph. Based on uvby Stromgren photometry, we are able to separate three stellar populations in NGC 6752 along the evolutionary sequence from the base of the red giant branch down to the turnoff point. We find weak systematic abundance trends with evolutionary phase for Ca, Ti, and Fe which are best explained by stellar-structure models including atomic diffusion with efficient additional mixing. We derive a new value for the initial lithium abundance of NGC 6752 after correcting for the effect of atomic diffusion and additional mixing which falls slightly below the predicted standard BBN value. We find three stellar populations by combining photometric and spectroscopic data of 194 stars in the globular cluster NGC 6752. Abundance trends for groups of elements, differently affected by atomic diffusion and additional mixing, are identified. Although the statistical significance of the individual trends is weak, they all support the notion that atomic diffusion is operational along the evolutionary sequence of NGC 6752.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASJ/63/1035
- Title:
- Stellar parameters and abundances of 99 giants
- Short Name:
- J/PASJ/63/1035
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present basic stellar parameters of 99 late-type G giants based on high-resolution spectra obtained by the High Dispersion Spectrograph attached to Subaru Telescope. These stars are targets of a Doppler survey program searching for extra-solar planets among evolved stars, with a metallicity of -0.8<[Fe/H]<+0.2. We also derived their abundances of 15 chemical elements, including four {alpha}-elements (Mg, Si, Ca, Ti), three odd-Z light elements (Al, K, Sc), four iron peak elements (V, Cr, Fe, Ni), and four neutron-capture elements (Y, Ba, La, Eu). Kinematic properties reveal that most of the program stars belong to the thin disk.