- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/487/3162
- Title:
- Debris disc stars metallicity & Li properties
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/487/3162
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Dwarf stars with debris discs and planets appear to be excellent laboratories to study the core accretion theory of planets formation. These systems are however, insufficiently studied. In this paper we present the main metallicity and lithium abundance properties of these stars together with stars with only debris discs and stars with only planets. Stars without detected planets nor discs are also considered. The analysed sample is formed by main-sequence FGK field single stars. Apart from the basic stellar parameters, we include the use of dusty discs masses. The main results show for the first time that the dust mass of debris disc stars with planets correlate with metallicity. We confirm that these disc dust masses are related to their central stellar masses. Separately, the masses of stars and those of planets also correlate with metallicity. We conclude that two conditions are necessary to form giant planets: to have a sufficient metallicity and also a sufficient protoplanetary mass of gas and dust. The debris discs masses of stars without giant planets do not correlate with metallicity, because they do not fulfil these two conditions. Concerning lithium, by adopting a stellar model for lithium depletion based on a strong interaction between the star and a protoplanetary disc, we found that in agreement with the model predictions, observations indicate that the main lithium depletion occurs during this initial protoplanetary evolution stage. We show that the ultimately lithium depletion is independent of the presence or absence of planets and appears to be only age dependent.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/599/1006
- Title:
- DEEP Groth Strip Survey. VII.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/599/1006
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using spectroscopic data from the Deep Extragalactic Evolutionary Probe Groth Strip Survey (DGSS), we analyze the gas-phase oxygen abundances in the warm ionized medium for 64 emission-line field galaxies in the redshift range 0.26<z<0.82. These galaxies comprise a small subset selected from among 693 objects in the DGSS. They are chosen for chemical analysis by virtue of having the strongest emission lines. Oxygen abundances relative to hydrogen are in the range 8.4<12+log(O/H)<9.0 with typical internal plus systematic measurement uncertainties of 0.17dex. The 64 DGSS galaxies collectively exhibit an increase in metallicity with B-band luminosity, i.e., an L-Z relation like that seen among local galaxies. Using the DGSS sample and local galaxy samples for comparison, we searched for a "second parameter" that might explain some of the dispersion seen in the L-Z relation. Parameters such as galaxy color, emission-line equivalent width, and effective radius were explored but found to be uncorrelated with residuals from the mean L-Z relation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/577/A81
- Title:
- Deep SDSS Optical Spectroscopy. II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/577/A81
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We analyze a sample of 3942 low-resolution (R~2000) optical spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), focusing on stars with effective temperatures 5800<Teff<6300K, and distances from the Milky Way plane in excess of 5kpc, and determine their abundances of Fe, Ca, and Mg. This work follows the same methodology as in the previous paper in this series, deriving atmospheric parameters by chi^2^ minimization, but we now obtain the abundances of individual elements by fitting their associated spectral lines. Distances are calculated from absolute magnitudes obtained by a statistical comparison of our stellar parameters with stellar-evolution models. The observations reveal a decrease in the abundances of iron, calcium and magnesium at large distances from the Galactic center. The median abundances for the halo stars analyzed are fairly constant up to a Galactocentric distance r~20kpc, rapidly decrease between r~20 and r~40kpc, and flatten out to significantly lower values at larger distances, consistent with previous studies. In addition, we examine the Ca/Fe and Mg/Fe ratios as a function of Fe/H and Galactocentric distance. Our results show that the most distant parts of the halo show a steeper variation of the Ca/Fe and Mg/Fe with iron. We found that at the range -1.6<[Fe/H]<-0.4 the Ca/Fe ratio decreases with distance, in agreement with earlier results based on local stars. However, the opposite trend is apparent for Mg/Fe. Our conclusion that the outer regions of the halo are more metal-poor than the inner regions, based on in-situ observations of distant stars, is in concert with recent results based on inferences from the kinematics of more local stars, and with predictions of recent galaxy formation simulations for galaxies similar to the Milky Way.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/ChA+A/36.238
- Title:
- Dense parts of outflows toward massive cores
- Short Name:
- J/other/ChA+A/36
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A set of samples of 13 massive star-forming cores were observed in SiO (2-1), CH_3_OH (2-1) and C^34^S (2-1) thermal lines. Nine of these cores were detected in all three lines. Among the nine SiO detections, three were new detections, and relatively faint. Most of the lines have wide wings, which might be interpreted as the evidence of ongoing energetic outflows in the cores.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/433/185
- Title:
- Detailed abundance analysis of 102 F and G dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/433/185
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- From a detailed elemental abundance analysis of 102 F and G dwarf stars we present abundance trends in the Galactic thin and thick disks for 14 elements (O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn, Y, Ba, and Eu). Stellar parameters and elemental abundances (except for Y, Ba and Eu) for 66 of the 102 stars were presented in our previous studies (Bensby et al. 2003, <J/A+A/410/527>, 2004, <J/A+A/415/155>). The 36 stars that are new in this study extend and confirm our previous results and allow us to draw further conclusions regarding abundance trends. The s-process elements Y and Ba, and the r-element Eu have also been considered here for the whole sample for the first time. To make it easier to gather the elemental abundances for all 102 stars we have included the abundance data from Bensby et al. (2003, Cat. <J/A+A/410/527>) and from Bensby et al. (2004, Cat. <J/A+A/415/155>) in table9.dat
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/681/1524
- Title:
- Detailed abundances for 28 metal-poor stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/681/1524
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of an abundance analysis for a sample of stars with -4<[Fe/H]<-2. The data were obtained with the HIRES spectrograph at Keck Observatory. The set includes 28 stars, with effective temperature ranging from 4800 to 6600K. For 13 stars with [Fe/H]<-2.6, including nine with [Fe/H]<-3.0 and one with [Fe/H]=-4.0, these are the first reported detailed abundances. For the most metal-poor star in our sample, CS 30336-049, we measure an abundance pattern that is very similar to stars in the range [Fe/H]~-3.5, including a normal C+N, abundance. We also find that it has very low but measurable Sr and Ba, indicating some neutron-capture activity even at this low of a metallicity. We explore this issue further by examining other very neutron capture-deficient stars and find that, at the lowest levels, [Ba/Sr] exhibits the ratio of the main r-process. We also report on a new r-process-enhanced star, CS 31078-018. This star has [Fe/H]=-2.85, [Eu/Fe]=1.23, and [Ba/Eu]=-0.51. CS 31078-018 exhibits an "actinide boost," i.e., much higher [Th/Eu] than expected and at a similar level to CS 31082-001. Our spectra allow us to further constrain the abundance scatter at low metallicities, which we then use to fit to the zero-metallicity Type II supernova yields of Heger & Woosley (2008arXiv0803.3161H). We find that supernovae with progenitor masses between 10 and 20M_{sun}_ provide the best matches to our abundances.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/753/64
- Title:
- Detailed abundances for 97 metal-poor stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/753/64
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- we present the abundance analysis of 97 nearby metal-poor (-3.3<[Fe/H]<-0.5) stars having kinematic characteristics of the Milky Way (MW) thick disk and inner and outer stellar halos. The high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise optical spectra for the sample stars have been obtained with the High Dispersion Spectrograph mounted on the Subaru Telescope. Abundances of Fe, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti have been derived using a one-dimensional LTE abundance analysis code with Kurucz NEWODF model atmospheres. By assigning membership of the sample stars to the thick disk, inner halo, or outer halo components based on their orbital parameters, we examine abundance ratios as a function of [Fe/H] and kinematics for the three subsamples in wide metallicity and orbital parameter ranges. We show that, in the metallicity range of -1.5<[Fe/H]<=-0.5, the thick disk stars show constantly high mean [Mg/Fe] and [Si/Fe] ratios with small scatter. In contrast, the inner and the outer halo stars show lower mean values of these abundance ratios with larger scatter. The [Mg/Fe], [Si/Fe], and [Ca/Fe] for the inner and the outer halo stars also show weak decreasing trends with [Fe/H] in the range [Fe/H]>-2. These results favor the scenarios that the MW thick disk formed through rapid chemical enrichment primarily through Type II supernovae of massive stars, while the stellar halo has formed at least in part via accretion of progenitor stellar systems having been chemically enriched with different timescales.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/771/67
- Title:
- Detailed abundances for 97 metal-poor stars. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/771/67
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present chemical abundance analyses of sodium, iron-peak, and neutron-capture elements for 97 kinematically selected thick disk, inner halo, and outer halo stars with metallicities -3.3<[Fe/H]<-0.5. The main aim of this study is to examine chemical similarities and differences among metal-poor stars belonging to these old Galactic components as a clue to determine their early chemodynamical evolution. In our previous paper, we obtained abundances of {alpha} elements by performing a one-dimensional LTE abundance analysis based on the high-resolution (R~50000) spectra obtained with the Subaru/HDS. In this paper, a similar analysis is performed to determine abundances of an additional 17 elements. We show that, in metallicities below [Fe/H]~-2, the abundance ratios of many elements in the thick disk, inner halo, and outer halo subsamples are largely similar. In contrast, in higher metallicities ([Fe/H]>~-1.5), differences in some of the abundance ratios among the three subsamples are identified. Specifically, the [Na/Fe], [Ni/Fe], [Cu/Fe], and [Zn/Fe] ratios in the inner and outer halo subsamples are found to be lower than those in the thick disk subsample.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/711/573
- Title:
- Detailed abundances in a halo stellar stream
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/711/573
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a detailed abundance analysis of one of the confirmed building blocks of the Milky Way stellar halo, a kinematically coherent metal-poor stellar stream. We have obtained high-resolution and high signal-to-noise spectra of 12 probable stream members using the Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle spectrograph on the Magellan-Clay Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory and the 2dCoude spectrograph on the Smith Telescope at McDonald Observatory. We have derived abundances or upper limits for 51 species of 46 elements in each of these stars. The stream members show a range of metallicity (-3.4<[Fe/H]<-1.5) but are otherwise chemically homogeneous, with the same star-to-star dispersion in [X/Fe] as the rest of the halo. This implies that, in principle, a significant fraction of the Milky Way stellar halo could have formed from accreted systems like the stream. The stream stars show minimal evolution in the {alpha} or Fe-group elements over the range of metallicity. This stream is enriched with material produced by the main and weak components of the rapid neutron-capture process and shows no evidence for enrichment by the slow neutron-capture process.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/815/5
- Title:
- Detailed abundances of KOI stars with planets. I.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/815/5
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present newly derived stellar parameters and the detailed abundances of 19 elements of seven stars with small planets discovered by NASA's Kepler Mission. Each star, save one, has at least one planet with a radius <=1.6R_{Earth}_, suggesting a primarily rocky composition. The stellar parameters and abundances are derived from high signal-to-noise ratio, high-resolution echelle spectroscopy obtained with the 10m Keck I telescope and High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer using standard spectroscopic techniques. The metallicities of the seven stars range from -0.32 to +0.13dex, with an average metallicity that is subsolar, supporting previous suggestions that, unlike Jupiter-type giant planets, small planets do not form preferentially around metal-rich stars. The abundances of elements other than iron are in line with a population of Galactic disk stars, and despite our modest sample size, we find hints that the compositions of stars with small planets are similar to stars without known planets and with Neptune-size planets, but not to those of stars with giant planets. This suggests that the formation of small planets does not require exceptional host-star compositions and that small planets may be ubiquitous in the Galaxy. We compare our derived abundances (which have typical uncertainties of <~0.04dex) to the condensation temperature of the elements; a correlation between the two has been suggested as a possible signature of rocky planet formation. None of the stars demonstrate the putative rocky planet signature, despite at least three of the stars having rocky planets estimated to contain enough refractory material to produce the signature, if real. More detailed abundance analyses of stars known to host small planets are needed to verify our results and place ever more stringent constraints on planet formation models.