- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/380/578
- Title:
- Equiv. widths of 13 horizontal branch stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/380/578
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- High-resolution spectra of 13 core helium-burning stars in the thick disk of the Galaxy have been obtained with the SOFIN spectrograph on the Nordic Optical Telescope to investigate abundances of up to 22 chemical elements. Abundances of carbon were studied using the C_2_ Swan (0, 1) band head at 5635.5{AA}. The wavelength interval 7980-8130{AA} with strong CN features was analysed in order to determine nitrogen abundances and 12C/13C isotope ratios. The oxygen abundances were determined from the [O I] line at 6300{AA}. Abundances in the investigated stars suggest that carbon is depleted by about 0.3dex, nitrogen is enhanced by more than 0.4dex and oxygen is unaltered. The 12C/13C ratios are lowered and lie between values 3 and 7 which is in agreement with "cool bottom processing" predictions (Boothroyd & Sackmann, 1999ApJ...510..232B). The C/N ratios in the investigated stars are lowered to values between 0.7 and 1.2 which is less than present day theoretical predictions and call for further studies of stellar mixing processes. Abundance ratios of O, Mg, Eu and other heavy chemical elements to iron in the investigated stars show a pattern characteristic of thick disk stars. The results provide evidence that the thick disk population has a distinct chemical history from the thin disk. The onset of the bulk of SN Ia is suggested to appear at [Fe/H]~-0.6dex.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/604/A41
- Title:
- ESO452-SC11 Stellar parameters and abundances
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/604/A41
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Globular clusters (GCs) have long been recognized as being amongst the oldest objects in the Galaxy. As such, they have the potential of playing a pivotal role in deciphering the Milky Way's early history. Here we present the first spectroscopic study of the low-mass system ESO452-SC11 using the AAOmega multifibre spectrograph at medium resolution. Given the stellar sparsity of this object and the high degree of foreground contamination due to its location toward the Galactic bulge, very few details are known for this cluster - there is no consensus, for instance, about its age, metallicity, or its association with the disk or bulge. We identify five member candidates based on common radial velocity, calcium-triplet metallicity, and position within the GC. Using spectral synthesis, the measurement of accurate Fe-abundances from Fe-lines, and abundances of several {alpha}-, Fe-peak, and neutron-capture elements (Si, Ca, Ti,Cr, Co, Ni, Sr, and Eu) is carried out, albeit with large uncertainties. We find that two of the five cluster candidates are likely non-members, as they have deviating iron abundances and [alpha/Fe] ratios. The cluster mean heliocentric velocity is 19+/-2km/s with a velocity dispersion of 2.8+/-3.4km/s, a low value in line with its sparse nature and low mass. The mean Fe-abundance from spectral fitting is -0.88+/-0.03dex, where the spread is driven by observational errors. Furthermore, the alpha-elements of the GC candidates are marginally lower than expected for the bulge at similar metallicities. As spectra of hundreds of stars were collected in a 2-degree field centered on ESO452-SC11, a detailed abundance study of the surrounding field was also enabled. The majority of the non-members have slightly higher [Fe] ratios, in line with the typical nearby bulge population. A subset of the spectra with measured Fe-peak abundance ratios shows a large scatter around solar values, albeit with large uncertainties. Furthermore, our study provides the first systematic measurements of strontium abundances in a Galactic bulge GC. Here, the Eu and Sr abundances of the GC candidates are broadly consistent with a disk or bulge association. Recent proper motions and our orbital calculations place ESO452 on an elliptical orbit in the central 3kpc of the Milky Way, establishing a firm connection with the bulge. Finally, while the radial velocities and preferential position of a dozen of stars outside the GC radius appear to imply the presence of extra-tidal stars, their significantly different chemical composition refutes this hypothesis.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/475/1960
- Title:
- ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter obs. of M dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/475/1960
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Present and future high-precision radial-velocity spectrometers dedicated to the discovery of low-mass planets orbiting low-mass dwarfs need to focus on the best selected stars to make an efficient use of telescope time. In the framework of the preparation of the SPIRou Input Catalogue (SPIC), the CoolSnap program aims at screening M dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood against binarity, rapid rotation, activity, etc. To optimize the selection, this paper describes the methods used to compute effective temperature, metallicity, projected rotation velocity of a large sample of 440 M dwarfs observed in the visible with the high-resolution spectropolarimeter Echelle SpectroPolArimetric Device for the ObservatioN of Stars (ESPaDOnS) at Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. It also summarizes known and newly discovered spectroscopic binaries, and stars known to belong to visual multiple systems. A calibration of the projected rotation velocity versus measured line widths for M dwarfs observed by the ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter is derived, and the resulting values are compared to equatorial rotation velocities deduced from rotation periods and radii. A comparison of the derived effective temperatures and metallicities with literature values is also conducted. Finally, the radial-velocity uncertainty of each star in the sample is estimated, to narrow down the selection of stars to be included into the SPIC.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/117/981
- Title:
- Estimation of stellar metal abundance. II.
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/117/981
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have recalibrated a method for the estimation of stellar metal abundance, parameterized as [Fe/H], based on medium-resolution (1-2{AA}) optical spectra (the majority of which cover the wavelength range 3700-4500{AA}). The equivalent width of the Ca II K line (3933{AA}) as a function of [Fe/H] and broadband B-V color, as predicted from spectrum synthesis and model atmosphere calculations, is compared with observations of 551 stars with high-resolution abundances available from the literature (a sevenfold increase in the number of calibration stars that were previously available). A second method, based on the Fourier autocorrelation function technique first described by Ratnatunga & Freeman (1989, Cat. <V/65>), is used to provide an independent estimate of [Fe/H], as calibrated by comparison with 405 standard-star abundances.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/381/500
- Title:
- Eu abundances in F and G disk stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/381/500
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Europium abundances for 74 F and G dwarf stars of the galactic disk have been determined. The stars were selected from the sample of Edvardsson et al. (1993, Cat. <J/A+A/275/101>) and [Eu/Fe] shows a smaller scatter and a slightly weaker trend with [Fe/H] than found by Woolf et al. (1995ApJ...453..660W). The data of the two analyses are homogeneized and merged.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/444/744
- Title:
- EUADP sample. [N/{alpha}] distribution
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/444/744
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report here a study of nitrogen and {alpha}-capture element (O, S, and Si) abundances in 18 damped Ly{alpha} absorbers (DLAs) and sub-DLAs drawn from the European Southern Observatory's Ultraviolet Visual Echelle Spectrograph (ESO-UVES) Advanced Data Products (EUADP) data base. We report nine new measurements, five upper and four lower limits of nitrogen that when compiled with available nitrogen measurements from the literature makes a sample of 10^8^ systems. The extended sample presented here confirms the [N/{alpha}] bimodal behaviour suggested in previous studies. Three-quarter of the systems show <[N/{alpha}]>=-0.85 (+/-0.20dex) and one-quarter of the systems show that ratios are clustered at <[N/{alpha}]>=-1.41 (+/-0.14dex). The high [N/{alpha}] plateau is consistent with the Hii regions of dwarf irregular and blue compact dwarf galaxies although extended to lower metallicities and could be interpreted as the result of a primary nitrogen production by intermediate mass stars. The low [N/{alpha}] values are the lowest ever observed in any astrophysical site. In spite of this fact, even lower values could be measured with the present instrumentation, but we do not find them below [N/{alpha}]~-1.7. This suggests the presence of a floor in [N/{alpha}] abundances, which along with the lockstep increase of N and Si may indicate a primary nitrogen production from fast rotating, massive stars in relatively young or unevolved systems.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/885/100
- Title:
- Evolu. star mass-metallicity relation. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/885/100
- Date:
- 16 Mar 2022 11:50:55
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the stellar mass-[Fe/H] and mass-[Mg/H] relation of quiescent galaxies in two galaxy clusters at z~0.39 and z~0.54. We derive the age, [Fe/H], and [Mg/Fe] for each individual galaxy using a full-spectrum fitting technique. By comparing with the relations for z~0 Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies, we confirm our previous finding that the mass-[Fe/H] relation evolves with redshift. The mass-[Fe/H] relation at higher redshift has lower normalization and possibly steeper slope. However, based on our sample, the mass-[Mg/H] relation does not evolve over the observed redshift range. We use a simple analytic chemical evolution model to constrain the average outflow that these galaxies experience over their lifetime, via the calculation of mass-loading factor. We find that the average mass-loading factor {eta} is a power-law function of galaxy stellar mass, {eta}{prop}M*^-0.21{+/-}0.09^. The measured mass-loading factors are consistent with the results of other observational methods for outflow measurements and with the predictions where outflow is caused by star formation feedback in turbulent disks.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/557/A106
- Title:
- Evolution and CNO yields of Z=10^-5^ stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/557/A106
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Our main goals are to get a deeper insight into the evolution and final fates of intermediate-mass, extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars. We also aim to investigate the C, N, and O yields of these stars. Using the Monash University Stellar Evolution code MONSTAR we computed and analysed the evolution of stars of metallicity Z=10^-5^ and masses between 4 and 9M_{sun}_, from their main sequence until the late thermally pulsing (super)asymptotic giant branch, TP-(S)AGB phase.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/797/44
- Title:
- Evolution and nucleosynthesis of AGB stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/797/44
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present stellar evolutionary tracks and nucleosynthetic predictions for a grid of stellar models of low- and intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars at Z=0.001 ([Fe/H]=-1.2). The models cover an initial mass range from 1 M_{sun}_ to 7 M_{sun}_. Final surface abundances and stellar yields are calculated for all elements from hydrogen to bismuth as well as isotopes up to the iron group. We present the first study of neutron-capture nucleosynthesis in intermediate-mass AGB models, including a super-AGB model, of [Fe/H]=-1.2. We examine in detail a low-mass AGB model of 2 M_{sun}_ where the ^13^C({alpha},n)^16^O reaction is the main source of neutrons. We also examine an intermediate-mass AGB model of 5 M_{sun}_ where intershell temperatures are high enough to activate the ^22^Ne neutron source, which produces high neutron densities up to ~10^14^ n/cm^3^. Hot bottom burning is activated in models with M>=3 M_{sun}_. With the 3 M_{sun}_ model, we investigate the effect of varying the extent in mass of the region where protons are mixed from the envelope into the intershell at the deepest extent of each third dredge-up. We compare the results of the low-mass models to three post-AGB stars with a metallicity of [Fe/H]~-1.2. The composition is a good match to the predicted neutron-capture abundances except for Pb and we confirm that the observed Pb abundances are lower than what is calculated by AGB models.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/696/797
- Title:
- Evolution and yields of low-mass AGB stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/696/797
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The envelope of thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars undergoing periodic third dredge-up (TDU) episodes is enriched in both light and heavy elements, the ashes of a complex internal nucleosynthesis involving p, {alpha}, and n captures over hundreds of stable and unstable isotopes. In this paper, new models of low-mass AGB stars (2M_{sun}_), with metallicity ranging between Z=0.0138 (the solar one) and Z=0.0001, are presented. Main features are (1) a full nuclear network (from H to Bi) coupled to the stellar evolution code, (2) a mass loss-period-luminosity relation, based on available data for long-period variables, and (3) molecular and atomic opacities for C- and/or N-enhanced mixtures, appropriate for the chemical modifications of the envelope caused by the TDU. For each model, a detailed description of the physical and chemical evolutions is presented; moreover, we present a uniform set of yields, comprehensive of all chemical species (from hydrogen to bismuth).