- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/801/69
- Title:
- Iron EWs for 21 giant star members of NGC3201
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/801/69
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- NGC 3201 is a globular cluster suspected to have an intrinsic spread in the iron content. We re-analyzed a sample of 21 cluster stars observed with UVES-FLAMES at the Very Large Telescope and for which Simmerer et al. (2013ApJ...764L...7S) found a 0.4dex wide [Fe/H] distribution with a metal-poor tail. We confirmed that when spectroscopic gravities are adopted, the derived [Fe/H] distribution spans ~0.4dex. On the other hand, when photometric gravities are used, the metallicity distribution from Fe I lines remains large, while that derived from Fe II lines is narrow and compatible with no iron spread. We demonstrate that the metal-poor component claimed by Simmerer et al. (2013ApJ...764L...7S) is composed by asymptotic giant branch stars that could be affected by non-local thermodynamical equilibrium effects driven by iron overionization. This leads to a decrease of the Fe I abundance, while leaving the Fe II abundance unaltered. A similar finding has been already found in asymptotic giant branch stars of the globular clusters M5 and 47 Tucanae. We conclude that NGC 3201 is a normal cluster, with no evidence of intrinsic iron spread.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/600/A22
- Title:
- Iron-peak elements in solar neighbourhood
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/600/A22
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The aim of this paper is to characterise the abundance patterns of five iron-peak elements (Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn) for which the stellar origin and chemical evolution are still debated. We automatically derived iron peak (Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn) and alpha element (Mg) chemical abundances for 4666 stars. We used the bimodal distribution of [Mg/Fe] to chemically classify sample stars into different Galactic substructures: thin disc, metal-poor and high-alpha metal rich, high-alpha and low-alpha metal-poor populations. High-alpha and low-alpha metal-poor populations are fully distinct in Mg, Cu, and Zn. Thin disc trends of [Ni/Fe] and [Cu/Fe] are very similar and show a small increase at supersolar metallicities. Thin and thick disc trends of Ni and Cu are very similar and indistinguishable. Mn looks different from Ni and Cu. [Mn/Fe] trends of thin and thick discs actually have noticeable differences: the thin disc is slightly Mn richer than the thick disc. [Zn/Fe] trends look very similar to those of [alpha/Fe] trends. The dispersion of results in both discs is low (~0.05dex for [Mg, Mn, and Cu/Fe]) and is even much lower for [Ni/Fe] (~0.035dex). Zn is an alpha-like element and could be used to separate thin and thick disc stars. [Mn/Mg] ratio could also be a very good tool for tagging Galactic substructures. Some models can partially reproduce the observed Mg, Zn, and, Cu behaviours. Models mostly fail to reproduce Mn and Ni in all metallicity domains, however, models adopting yields normalised from solar chemical properties reproduce Mn and Ni better, suggesting that there is still a lack of realistic theoretical yields of some iron-peak elements. Very low scatter (~0.05dex) in thin and thick disc sequences could provide an observational constrain for Galactic evolutionary models that study the efficiency of stellar radial migration.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/105
- Title:
- IR photometry of field RR Lyrae variable stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/158/105
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present multi-epoch infrared photometry in the K_s_-band for 74 bright RR Lyrae variable stars tied directly to the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) photometric system. We systematize additional K-band photometry from the literature to the 2MASS system and combine it to obtain photometry for 146 RR Lyrae stars on a consistent, modern system. A set of outlier stars in the literature photometry is identified and discussed. Reddening estimates for each star are gathered from the literature and combined to provide an estimate of the interstellar absorption affecting each star, and we find excellent agreement with another source in the literature. We utilize trigonometric parallaxes from the Second Data Release of the European Space Agency's Gaia astrometric satellite to determine the absolute magnitude, M_Ks_ for each of these stars, and analyze them using the astrometry-based luminosity prescription to obtain a parallax-based calibration of M_K_ (RR). Our period-luminosity-metallicity relationship is M_Ks_=(-2.8+/-0.2)(logP+0.27)+(0.12+/-0.02) ([Fe/H]+1.3)-(0.41+/-0.03) mag. A Gaia global zero-point error of {pi}_zp_=-0.042+/-0.013 mas is determined for this sample of RR Lyrae stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/566/880
- Title:
- ISO-SWS observations of H II regions
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/566/880
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present mid-infrared Infrared Space Observatory Short-Wavelength Spectrometer (ISO-SWS) observations of the fine-structure emissions lines [Ne II] 12.8{mu}m, [Ne III] 15.6{mu}m, [Ne III] 36.0{mu}m, [Ar II] 6.99{mu}m, [Ar III] 8.99{mu}m, [S III] 18.7{mu}m, [S III] 33.5{mu}m, and [S IV] 10.5{mu}m and the recombination lines Br{alpha} and Br{beta} n a sample of 112 Galactic H II regions and 37 nearby extra-Galactic H II regions in the LMC, SMC, and M33.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/758/45
- Title:
- Isotopic Sr abundances in meteorites
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/758/45
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Isotopic anomalies in planetary materials reflect both early solar nebular heterogeneity inherited from presolar stellar sources and processes that generated non-mass-dependent isotopic fractionations. The characterization of isotopic variations in heavy elements among early solar system materials yields important insight into the stellar environment and formation of the solar system, and about initial isotopic ratios relevant to long-term chronological applications. One such heavy element, strontium, is a central element in the geosciences due to wide application of the long-lived ^87^Rb-^87^Sr radioactive as a chronometer. We show that the stable isotopes of Sr were heterogeneously distributed at both the mineral scale and the planetary scale in the early solar system, and also that the Sr isotopic heterogeneities correlate with mass-independent oxygen isotope variations, with only CI chondrites plotting outside of this correlation. The correlation implies that most solar system material formed by mixing of at least two isotopically distinct components: a CV-chondrite-like component and an O-chondrite-like component, and possibly a distinct CI-chondrite-like component. The heterogeneous distribution of Sr isotopes may indicate that variations in initial ^87^Sr/^86^Sr of early solar system materials reflect isotopic heterogeneity instead of having chronological significance, as interpreted previously. For example, given the differences in ^84^Sr/^86^Sr between calcium aluminum inclusions and eucrites ({epsilon}g^84^Sr>2), the difference in age between these materials would be ~6 Ma shorter than previously interpreted, placing the Sr chronology in agreement with other long- and short-lived isotope systems, such as U-Pb and Mn-Cr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/659/A181
- Title:
- J-PLUS DR1 stellar param, and abundances
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/659/A181
- Date:
- 25 Mar 2022 09:03:05
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) has obtained precise photometry in twelve specially designed filters for large numbers of Galactic stars. Deriving their precise stellar atmospheric parameters and individual elemental abundances is crucial for studies of Galactic structure, and the assembly history and chemical evolution of our Galaxy. Our goal is to estimate not only stellar parameters (effective temperature, Teff, surface gravity, logg, and metallicity, [Fe/H]), but also [{alpha}/Fe] and four elemental abundances ([C/Fe], [N/Fe], [Mg/Fe], and [Ca/Fe]) using data from J-PLUS DR1. By combining recalibrated photometric data from J-PLUS DR1, Gaia DR2, and spectroscopic labels from LAMOST, we design and train a set of cost-sensitive neural networks, the CSNet, to learn the non-linear mapping from stellar colors to their labels. We have achieved precisions of {delta}Teff~55K, {delta}logg~0.15dex, and {delta}[Fe/H]~0.07dex, respectively, over a wide range of temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity. The uncertainties of the abundance estimates for [{alpha}/Fe] and the four individual elements are in the range 0.04-0.08 dex. We compare our parameter and abundance estimates with those from other spectroscopic catalogs such as APOGEE and GALAH, and find an overall good agreement. Conclusions. Our results demonstrate the potential of well-designed, high-quality photometric data for determinations of stellar parameters as well as individual elemental abundances. Applying the method to J-PLUS DR1, we have obtained the aforementioned parameters for about two million stars, providing an outstanding data set for chemo-dynamic analyses of the Milky Way.
927. Jurassic structure
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/644/A83
- Title:
- Jurassic structure
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/644/A83
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Detailed elemental-abundance patterns of giant stars in the Galactic halo measured by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2) have revealed the existence of a unique and significant stellar subpopulation of silicon-enhanced ([Si/Fe]>+0.5) metal-poor stars, spanning a wide range of metallicities (-1.5<[Fe/H]<-0.8). Stars with over-abundances in [Si/Fe] are of great interest because these have very strong silicon (^28^Si) spectral features for stars of their metallicity and evolutionary stage, offering clues about rare nucleosynthetic pathways in globular clusters (GCs). Si-rich field stars have been conjectured to have been evaporated from GCs, however, the origin of their abundances remains unclear, and several scenarios have been offered to explain the anomalous abundance ratios. These include the hypothesis that some of them were born from a cloud of gas previously polluted by a progenitor that underwent a specific and peculiar nucleosynthesis event or, alternatively, that they were due to mass transfer from a previous evolved companion. However, those scenarios do not simultaneously explain the wide gamut of chemical species that are found in Si-rich stars. Instead, we show that the present inventory of such unusual stars, as well as their relation to known halo substructures (including the in situ halo, Gaia-Enceladus, the Helmi Stream(s), and Sequoia, among others), is still incomplete. We report the chemical abundances of the iron-peak (Fe), the light- (C and N), the alpha- (O and Mg), the odd-Z (Na and Al), and the s-process (Ce and Nd) elements of 55 newly identified Si-rich field stars (among more than ~600000 APOGEE-2 targets), which exhibit over-abundances of [Si/Fe] as extreme as those observed in some Galactic GCs, and they are relatively well distinguished from other stars in the [Si/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane. This new census confirms the presence of a statistically significant and chemically-anomalous structure in the inner halo: Jurassic. The chemo-dynamical properties of the Jurassic structure is consistent with it being the tidally disrupted remains of GCs, which are easily distinguished by an over-abundance of [Si/Fe] among Milky Way (MW) populations or satellites.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/808/103
- Title:
- Kapteyn moving group star abundances
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/808/103
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Kapteyn moving group has been postulated as tidal debris from {omega} Centauri. If true, members of the group should show some of the chemical abundance patterns known for stars in the cluster. We present an optical and near-infrared high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise ratio spectroscopic study of 14 stars of the Kapteyn group, plus 10 additional stars (the {omega} Cen group) that, while not listed as members of the Kapteyn group as originally defined, have nevertheless been associated dynamically with {omega} Centauri. Abundances for Na, O, Mg, Al, Ca, and Ba were derived from the optical spectra, while the strength of the chromospheric HeI10830{AA} line is studied as a possible helium abundance indicator. The resulting Na-O and Mg-Al patterns for stars of the combined Kapteyn and {omega} Cen group samples do not resemble those of {omega} Centauri, and are not different from those of field stars of the Galactic halo. The distribution of equivalent widths of the HeI10830{AA} line is consistent with that found among non-active field stars. Therefore, no evidence is found for second-generation stars within our samples, which most likely rules out a globular-cluster origin. Moreover, no hint of the unique barium overabundance at the metal-rich end, well established for {omega} Centauri stars, is seen among stars of the combined samples. Because this specific Ba pattern is present in {omega} Centauri irrespective of stellar generation, this would rule out the possibility that our entire sample might be composed of only first-generation stars from the cluster. Finally, for the stars of the Kapteyn group, the possibility of an origin in the hypothetical parent galaxy of {omega} Centauri is disfavored by the different run of {alpha}-elements with metallicity between our targets and stars from present-day dwarf galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/748/93
- Title:
- K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/748/93
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present K-band spectra for 133 nearby (d < 33 pc) M dwarfs, including 18 M dwarfs with reliable metallicity estimates (as inferred from an FGK type companion), 11 M dwarf planet hosts, more than 2/3 of the M dwarfs in the northern 8 pc sample, and several M dwarfs from the LSPM catalog. From these spectra, we measure equivalent widths of the Ca and Na lines, and a spectral index quantifying the absorption due to H_2_O opacity (the H_2_O-K2 index). Using empirical spectral type standards and synthetic models, we calibrate the H_2_O-K2 index as an indicator of an M dwarf's spectral type and effective temperature. We also present a revised relationship that estimates the [Fe/H] and [M/H] metallicities of M dwarfs from their Na I, Ca I, and H_2_O-K2 measurements. Comparisons to model atmosphere provide a qualitative validation of our approach, but also reveal an overall offset between the atomic line strengths predicted by models as compared to actual observations. Our metallicity estimates also reproduce expected correlations with Galactic space motions and H{alpha} emission line strengths, and return statistically identical metallicities for M dwarfs within a common multiple system. Finally, we find systematic residuals between our H_2_O-based spectral types and those derived from optical spectral features with previously known sensitivity to stellar metallicity, such as TiO, and identify the CaH1 index as a promising optical index for diagnosing the metallicities of near-solar M dwarfs.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/809/143
- Title:
- K-band spectra of stars within central 1pc of the MW
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/809/143
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a metallicity analysis of 83 late-type giants within the central 1pc of the Milky Way. K-band spectroscopy of these stars was obtained with the medium spectral resolution integral-field spectrograph NIFS on Gemini North using laser-guided star adaptive optics. Using spectral template fitting with the MARCS synthetic spectral grid, we find that there is a large variation in the metallicity, with stars ranging from [M/H]<-1.0 to above solar metallicity. About 6% of the stars have [M/H]<-0.5. This result is in contrast to previous observations with smaller samples that show stars at the Galactic center having approximately solar metallicity with only small variations. Our current measurement uncertainties are dominated by systematics in the model, especially at [M/H]>0, where there are stellar lines not represented in the model. However, the conclusion that there are low-metallicity stars, as well as large variations in metallicity, is robust. The metallicity may be an indicator of the origin of these stars. The low-metallicity population is consistent with that of globular clusters in the Milky Way, but their small fraction likely means that globular cluster infall is not the dominant mechanism for forming the Milky Way nuclear star cluster. The majority of stars are at or above solar metallicity, which suggests they were formed closer to the Galactic center or from the disk. In addition, our results indicate that it will be important for star formation history analyses using red giants at the Galactic center to consider the effect of varying metallicity.