- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/219/19
- Title:
- Census of nearby white dwarfs from SUPERBLINK
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/219/19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed description of the physical properties of our current census of white dwarfs within 40pc of the Sun, based on an exhaustive spectroscopic survey of northern hemisphere candidates from the SUPERBLINK proper motion database. Our method for selecting white dwarf candidates is based on a combination of theoretical color-magnitude relations and reduced proper motion diagrams. We reported in an earlier publication the discovery of nearly 200 new white dwarfs, and we present here the discovery of an additional 133 new white dwarfs, among which we identify 96 DA, 3 DB, 24 DC, 3 DQ, and 7 DZ stars. We further identify 178 white dwarfs that lie within 40pc of the Sun, representing a 40% increase of the current census, which now includes 492 objects. We estimate the completeness of our survey at between 66% and 78%, allowing for uncertainties in the distance estimates. We also perform a homogeneous model atmosphere analysis of this 40pc sample and find a large fraction of massive white dwarfs, indicating that we are successfully recovering the more massive, and less luminous objects often missed in other surveys. We also show that the 40pc sample is dominated by cool and old white dwarfs, which populate the faint end of the luminosity function, although trigonometric parallaxes will be needed to shape this part of the luminosity function more accurately. Finally, we identify 4 probable members of the 20pc sample, 4 suspected double degenerate binaries, and we also report the discovery of two new ZZ Ceti pulsators.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/171
- Title:
- Cepheid abund.: multiphase results & spatial gradients
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/156/171
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Parameters and abundances have been derived for 435 Cepheids based on an analysis of 1127 spectra. Results from five or more phases are available for 52 of the program stars. The latter set of stars span periods between 1.5 and 68 days. The parameters and abundances show excellent consistency across phase. For iron, the average range in the determined abundance is 0.11 from these 52 stars. For 163 stars with more than one phase available the average range is 0.07. The variation in effective temperature tracks well with phase, as does the total broadening velocity. The gravity and microturbulent velocity follow phase, but with less variation and regularity. Abundance gradients have been derived using Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/345) parallax data, as well as Bayesian distance estimates based upon Gaia DR2 from Bailer-Jones et al. (2018, Cat. I/347). The abundance gradient derived for iron is d[Fe/H]/dR=-0.05 dex/kpc, similar to gradients derived in previous studies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/161/183
- Title:
- Chemical abundances in 52 M-giant stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/161/183
- Date:
- 18 Jan 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We measured ^35^Cl abundances in 52-M giants with metallicities in the range -0.5<[Fe/H]<0.12. Abundances and atmospheric parameters were derived using infrared spectra from CSHELL on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility and from optical echelle spectra. We measured Cl abundances by fitting a H^35^Cl molecular feature at 3.6985{mu}m with synthetic spectra. We also measured the abundances of O, Ca, Ti, and Fe using atomic absorption lines. We find that the [Cl/Fe] ratio for our stars agrees with chemical evolution models of Cl, and the [Cl/Ca] ratio is broadly consistent with the solar ratio over our metallicity range. Both indicate that Cl is primarily made in core-collapse supernovae with some contributions from Type Ia supernovae. We suggest that other potential nucleosynthesis processes, such as the {nu}-process, are not significant producers of Cl. Finally, we also find our Cl abundances are consistent with HII and planetary nebular abundances at a given oxygen abundance, although there is scatter in the data.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/181
- Title:
- Chemical abundances in red giants with Magellan
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/160/181
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectroscopy of 42 red giant stars in seven stellar streams confirmed by the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S5): ATLAS, Aliqa Uma, Chenab, Elqui, Indus, Jhelum, and Phoenix. Abundances of 30 elements have been derived from over 10000 individual line measurements or upper limits using photometric stellar parameters and a standard LTE analysis. This is currently the most extensive set of element abundances for stars in stellar streams. Three streams (ATLAS, Aliqa Uma, and Phoenix) are disrupted metal-poor globular clusters, although only weak evidence is seen for the light-element anticorrelations commonly observed in globular clusters. Four streams (Chenab, Elqui, Indus, and Jhelum) are disrupted dwarf galaxies, and their stars display abundance signatures that suggest progenitors with stellar masses ranging from 106 to 107M{sun}. Extensive description is provided for the analysis methods, including the derivation of a new method for including the effect of stellar parameter correlations on each star's abundance and uncertainty. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASP/106/452
- Title:
- Cool Dwarfs - Temperatures
- Short Name:
- J/PASP/106/452
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The file contains values of Cousins R-I and theta [= 5040/T(eff)] for 417 F-K stars which are on or near the main sequence.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/403/1592
- Title:
- Cool stars in galactic clusters
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/403/1592
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have investigated the relevant trend of the bolometric correction (BC) at the cool-temperature regime of red giant stars and its possible dependence on stellar metallicity. Our analysis relies on a wide sample of optical-infrared spectroscopic observations, along the 3500{AA}=>2.5um wavelength range, for a grid of 92 red giant stars in five (three globular + two open) Galactic clusters, along the full metallicity range covered by the bulk of the stars, -2.2<=[Fe/H]<=+0.4.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/882/106
- Title:
- DB white dwarfs with SDSS and Gaia data
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/882/106
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a comprehensive analysis of DB white dwarfs drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, based on model fits to ugriz photometry and medium-resolution spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We also take advantage of the exquisite trigonometric parallax measurements recently obtained by the Gaia mission. Using the so-called photometric and spectroscopic techniques, we measure the atmospheric and physical parameters of each object in our sample (Teff, logg, H/He, Ca/He, R, M), and compare the values obtained from both techniques in order to assess the precision and accuracy of each method. We then explore in great detail the surface gravity, stellar mass, and hydrogen abundance distributions of DB white dwarfs as a function of effective temperature. We present some clear evidence for a large population of unresolved double-degenerate binaries composed of DB+DB and even DB+DA white dwarfs. In the light of our results, we finally discuss the spectral evolution of DB white dwarfs, in particular the evolution of the DB-to-DA ratio as a function of Teff, and we revisit the question of the origin of hydrogen in DBA white dwarfs.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/141
- Title:
- Differential photometry & RVs of HAT-P-69 & HAT-P-70
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/158/141
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Wide-field surveys for transiting planets are well suited to searching diverse stellar populations, enabling a better understanding of the link between the properties of planets and their parent stars. We report the discovery of HAT-P-69 b (TOI 625.01) and HAT-P-70 b (TOI 624.01), two new hot Jupiters around A stars from the Hungarian-made Automated Telescope Network (HATNet) survey that have also been observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. HAT-P-69 b has a mass of 3.58_-0.58_^+0.58^ M_Jup_ and a radius of 1.676_-0.033_^+0.051^ R_Jup_ and resides in a prograde 4.79 day orbit. HAT-P-70 b has a radius of 1.87_-0.10_^+0.15^ R_Jup_ and a mass constraint of <6.78 (3{sigma}) M_Jup_ and resides in a retrograde 2.74 day orbit. We use the confirmation of these planets around relatively massive stars as an opportunity to explore the occurrence rate of hot Jupiters as a function of stellar mass. We define a sample of 47126 main-sequence stars brighter than T_mag_=10 that yields 31 giant planet candidates, including 18 confirmed planets, 3 candidates, and 10 false positives. We find a net hot Jupiter occurrence rate of 0.41+/-0.10% within this sample, consistent with the rate measured by Kepler for FGK stars. When divided into stellar mass bins, we find the occurrence rate to be 0.71+/-0.31% for G stars, 0.43+/-0.15% for F stars, and 0.26+/-0.11% for A stars. Thus, at this point, we cannot discern any statistically significant trend in the occurrence of hot Jupiters with stellar mass.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/157/78
- Title:
- Double & multiple star systems from GaiaDR2
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/157/78
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Binary and multiple stars have long provided an effective empirical method of testing stellar formation and evolution theories. In particular, the existence of wide binary systems (separations >20000 au) is particularly challenging to binary formation models as their physical separations are beyond the typical size of a collapsing cloud core (~5000-10000 au). We mined the recently published Gaia-DR2 catalog (Cat. I/345) to identify bright comoving systems in the five-dimensional space (sky position, parallax, and proper motion). We identified 3741 comoving binary and multiple stellar candidate systems, out of which 575 have compatible radial velocities for all the members of the system. The candidate systems have separations between ~400 and 500000 au. We used the analysis tools of the Virtual Observatory to characterize the comoving system members and to assess their reliability. The comparison with previous comoving systems catalogs obtained from TGAS showed that these catalogs contain a large number of false systems. In addition, we were not able to confirm the ultra-wide binary population presented in these catalogs. The robustness of our methodology is demonstrated by the identification of well known comoving star clusters and by the low contamination rate for comoving binary systems with projected physical separations <50000 au. These last constitute a reliable sample for further studies. The catalog is available online at the Spanish Virtual Observatory portal (http://svo2.cab.inta-csic.es/vocats/v2/comovingGaiaDR2/).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/810/61
- Title:
- Early-type EBs with intermediate orbital periods
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/810/61
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We analyze 221 eclipsing binaries (EBs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud with B-type main-sequence (MS) primaries (M_1_~4-14 M_{sun}_) and orbital periods P=20-50 days that were photometrically monitored by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. We utilize our three-stage automated pipeline to (1) classify all 221 EBs, (2) fit physical models to the light curves of 130 detached well-defined EBs from which unique parameters can be determined, and (3) recover the intrinsic binary statistics by correcting for selection effects. We uncover two statistically significant trends with age. First, younger EBs tend to reside in dustier environments with larger photometric extinctions, an empirical relation that can be implemented when modeling stellar populations. Second, younger EBs generally have large eccentricities. This demonstrates that massive binaries at moderate orbital periods are born with a Maxwellian "thermal" orbital velocity distribution, which indicates they formed via dynamical interactions. In addition, the age-eccentricity anticorrelation provides a direct constraint for tidal evolution in highly eccentric binaries containing hot MS stars with radiative envelopes. The intrinsic fraction of B-type MS stars with stellar companions q=M_2_/M_1_>0.2 and orbital periods P=20-50 days is (7+/-2)%. We find early-type binaries at P=20-50 days are weighted significantly toward small mass ratios q~0.2-0.3, which is different than the results from previous observations of closer binaries with P<20 days. This indicates that early-type binaries at slightly wider orbital separations have experienced substantially less competitive accretion and coevolution during their formation in the circumbinary disk.