- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/470/1079
- Title:
- UVES/VLT spectroscopy of white dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/470/1079
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of the stars with helium-dominated spectra in the ESO Supernova Ia Progenitor Survey (SPY). Atmospheric parameters, masses, and abundances of trace hydrogen are determined and discussed in the context of spectral evolution of white dwarfs. The spectra are compared with theoretical model atmospheres using a {chi}^2^ fitting technique, leading to determinations of effective temperature, surface gravity, and hydrogen abundance. Our final sample contains 71 objects, of which 6 are new detections and 14 are reclassified from DB to DBA because of the presence of H lines. One is a cool DO with weak HeII lines, 2 are composite DB+dM. 55% of the DB sample show hydrogen and are thus DBA, a significantly higher fraction than found before.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/887/169
- Title:
- UV-Opt light curves of the type Ic SN 2018gep
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/887/169
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present detailed observations of ZTF18abukavn (SN2018gep), discovered in high-cadence data from the Zwicky Transient Facility as a rapidly rising (1.4+/-0.1mag/hr) and luminous (M_g,peak_=-20mag) transient. It is spectroscopically classified as a broad-lined stripped-envelope supernova (Ic-BL SN). The high peak luminosity (L_bol>~3x10^44^erg/s), the short rise time (t_rise_=3days in g band), and the blue colors at peak (g-r~-0.4) all resemble the high-redshift Ic-BL iPTF16asu, as well as several other unclassified fast transients. The early discovery of SN2018gep (within an hour of shock breakout) enabled an intensive spectroscopic campaign, including the highest-temperature (T_eff_>~40000K) spectra of a stripped-envelope SN. A retrospective search revealed luminous (M_g_~M_r_~-14mag) emission in the days to weeks before explosion, the first definitive detection of precursor emission for a Ic-BL. We find a limit on the isotropic gamma-ray energy release E_{gamma,iso}_<4.9x10^48^erg, a limit on X-ray emission L_X_<10^40^erg/s, and a limit on radio emission {nu}L_{nu}_<~10^37^erg/s. Taken together, we find that the early (<10days) data are best explained by shock breakout in a massive shell of dense circumstellar material (0.02M_{sun}_) at large radii (3x10^14^cm) that was ejected in eruptive pre-explosion mass-loss episodes. The late-time (>10days) light curve requires an additional energy source, which could be the radioactive decay of Ni-56.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/78
- Title:
- 44 validated planets from K2 Campaign 10
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/156/78
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present 44 validated planets from the 10th observing campaign of the NASA K2 mission, as well as high-resolution spectroscopy and speckle imaging follow-up observations. These 44 planets come from an initial set of 72 vetted candidates, which we subjected to a validation process incorporating pixel-level analyses, light curve analyses, observational constraints, and statistical false positive probabilities. Our validated planet sample has median values of R_p_=2.2 R_{Earth}_, P_orb_=6.9 days, T_eq_=890 K, and J=11.2 mag. Of particular interest are four ultra-short period planets (P_orb_~<1 day), 16 planets smaller than 2 R_{Earth}_, and two planets with large predicted amplitude atmospheric transmission features orbiting infrared-bright stars. We also present 27 planet candidates, most of which are likely to be real and worthy of further observations. Our validated planet sample includes 24 new discoveries and has enhanced the number of currently known super-Earths (R_p_~1-2 R_{Earth}_), sub-Neptunes (R_p_~2-4 R_{Earth}_), and sub-Saturns (R_p_~4-8 R_{Earth}_) orbiting bright stars (J=8-10 mag) by ~4%, ~17%, and ~11%, respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/709/1042
- Title:
- Variability in C-rich proto-PNe.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/709/1042
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have carried out long-term (14 years) V and R photometric monitoring of 12 carbon-rich proto-planetary nebulae. The light and color curves display variability in all of them. The light curves are complex and suggest multiple periods, changing periods, and/or changing amplitudes, which are attributed to pulsation. A dominant period has been determined for each and found to be in the range of ~150 days for the coolest (G8) to 35-40 days for the warmest (F3). A clear, linear inverse relationship has been found in the sample between the pulsation period and the effective temperature and also an inverse relationship between the amplitude of light variation and the effective temperature. These are consistent with the expectation for a pulsating post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) star evolving toward higher temperature at constant luminosity. The published spectral energy distributions and mid-infrared images show these objects to have cool (200K), detached dust shells and published models imply that intensive mass loss ended 400-2000 years ago.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/534/A125
- Title:
- Variability of A- and F-stars from Kepler
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/534/A125
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Kepler spacecraft is providing time series of photometric data with micromagnitude precision for hundreds of A-F type stars. We present a first general characterization of the pulsational behaviour of A-F type stars as observed in the Kepler light curves of a sample of 750 candidate A-F type stars, and observationally investigate the relation between {gamma} Doradus ({gamma} Dor), {delta} Scuti ({delta} Sct), and hybrid stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/859/73
- Title:
- Variability of RSGs in M31 from the iPTF survey
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/859/73
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Most massive stars end their lives as red supergiants (RSGs), a short-lived evolutionary phase when they are known to pulsate with varying amplitudes. The RSG period-luminosity (PL) relation has been measured in the Milky Way, the Magellanic Clouds and M33 for about 120 stars in total. Using over 1500 epochs of R-band monitoring from the Palomar Transient Factory survey over a five-year period, we study the variability of 255 spectroscopically cataloged RSGs in M31. We find that all RGSs brighter than M_K_~-10mag (log(L/L_{sun}_)>4.8) are variable at {Delta}m_R_>0.05mag. Our period analysis finds 63 with significant pulsation periods. Using the periods found and the known values of M_K_ for these stars, we derive the RSG PL relation in M31 and show that it is consistent with those derived earlier in other galaxies of different metallicities. We also detect, for the first time, a sequence of likely first-overtone pulsations. Comparison to stellar evolution models from MESA confirms the first-overtone hypothesis and indicates that the variable stars in this sample have 12M_{sun}_<M<24M_{sun}_. As these RSGs are the immediate progenitors to Type II-P core-collapse supernovae (SNe), we also explore the implication of their variability in the initial-mass estimates for SN progenitors based on archival images of the progenitors. We find that this effect is small compared to the present measurement errors.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/39
- Title:
- Variability properties of TIC sources with KELT
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/39
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT) has been surveying more than 70% of the celestial sphere for nearly a decade. While the primary science goal of the survey is the discovery of transiting, large-radii planets around bright host stars, the survey has collected more than 10^6^ images, with a typical cadence between 10-30 minutes, for more than four million sources with apparent visual magnitudes in the approximate range 7<V<13. Here, we provide a catalog of 52741 objects showing significant large-amplitude fluctuations likely caused by stellar variability, as well as 62229 objects identified with likely stellar rotation periods. The detected variability ranges in rms-amplitude from ~3 mmag to ~2.3 mag, and the detected periods range from ~0.1 to >~2000 days. We provide variability upper limits for all other ~4000000 sources. These upper limits are principally a function of stellar brightness, but we achieve typical 1{sigma} sensitivity on 30 min timescales down to ~5 mmag at V~8, and down to ~43 mmag at V~13. We have matched our catalog to the TESS Input catalog and the AAVSO Variable Star Index to precipitate the follow-up and classification of each source. The catalog is maintained as a living database on the Filtergraph visualization portal at the URL https://filtergraph.com/kelt_vars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/239/5
- Title:
- Variable stars and cand. planets from K2
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/239/5
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We produce light curves for all ~34000 targets observed with K2 in Campaign 17 (C17), identifying 34 planet candidates, 184 eclipsing binaries, and 222 other periodic variables. The forward-facing direction of the C17 field means follow-up can begin immediately now that the campaign has concluded and interesting targets have been identified. The C17 field has a large overlap with C6, so this latest campaign also offers an infrequent opportunity to study a large number of targets already observed in a previous K2 campaign. The timing of the C17 data release, shortly before science operations begin with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), also lets us exercise some of the tools and methods developed for identification and dissemination of planet candidates from TESS. We find excellent agreement between these results and those identified using only K2-based tools. Among our planet candidates are several planet candidates with sizes <4R_{Earth}_ and orbiting stars with Kp<~10 (indicating good RV targets of the sort TESS hopes to find) and a Jupiter-sized single-transit event around a star already hosting a 6 day planet candidate.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/462/683
- Title:
- Velocities in SMC field of NGC 330
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/462/683
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We search for the effects of metallicity on B and Be stars in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds (SMC and LMC) and in the Milky Way (MW), by extending our previous analysis of B and Be star populations in the LMC to the SMC. The rotational velocities of massive stars and the evolutionary status of Be stars are examined with respect to their environments. Spectroscopic observations of hot stars belonging to the young cluster SMC-NGC 330 and its surrounding region were obtained with the VLT-GIRAFFE facilities in MEDUSA mode. We determined fundamental parameters for B and Be stars with the GIRFIT code, taking the effect of fast rotation and the age of observed clusters into account. We compared the mean vsini obtained by spectral type- and mass-selection for field and cluster B and Be stars in the SMC with the one in the LMC and MW.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/300
- Title:
- Velocity and light curve analysis of three PPNe
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/156/300
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have obtained contemporaneous light, color, and radial velocity data for three proto-planetary nebulae (PPNe) over the years 2007 to 2015. The light and velocity curves of each show similar periods of pulsation, with photometric periods of 42 and 50 days for IRAS 17436+5003, 102 days for IRAS 18095+2704, and 35 days for IRAS 19475+3119. The light and velocity curves are complex with multiple periods and small, variable amplitudes. Nevertheless, at least over limited time intervals, we were able to identify dominant periods in the light, color, and velocity curves and compare the phasing of each. The color curves appear to peak with or slightly after the light curves while the radial velocity curves peak about a quarter of a cycle before the light curves. Similar results were found previously for two other PPNe, although for them the light and color appeared to be in phase. Thus, it appears that PPNe are brightest when smallest and hottest. These phase results differ from those found for classical Cepheid variables, where the light and velocity differ by half a cycle, and are hottest at about average size and expanding. However, they do appear to have similar phasing to the larger-amplitude pulsations seen in RV Tauri variables. Presently, few pulsation models exist for PPNe, and these do not fit the observations well, especially the longer periods observed. Model fits to these new light and velocity curves would allow masses to be determined for these post-AGB objects, and thereby provide important constraints to post-AGB stellar evolution models of low- and intermediate-mass stars.