- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/514/A102
- Title:
- SDSS DR7 groups of galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/514/A102
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We extract groups of galaxies as flux-limited and volume-limited samples from the SDSS Data Release 7 to study the supercluster-void network and environmental properties of groups therein. Volume-limited catalogues are particularly useful for comparison of numerical simulations of dark matter halos and the large-scale structure with observations. Extraction of a volume-limited sample of galaxies and groups requires special care to avoid excluding too much observational data. We use a modified friends-of-friends (FoF) method with a slightly variable linking length to obtain a preliminary flux-limited sample. We use the flux-limited groups as the basic sample to include as many galaxies as possible in the volume-limited samples. To determine the scaling of the linking length we calibrated group sizes and mean galaxy number densities within groups by magnitude dilution of a nearby group sub-sample to follow the properties of groups with higher luminosity limits. Our final flux-limited sample contains 78800 groups, and volume-limited subsamples with absolute magnitude limits M_r_=-18, -19, -20, and -21 contain 5463, 12590, 18973, and 9139 groups, respectively, in the DR7 main galaxy main area survey. The spatial number densities of our groups within the subsamples, as well as the mean sizes and rms velocities of our groups practically do not change from sub-sample to sub-sample. This means that the catalogues are homogeneous and well suited for comparison with simulations.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/129/2062
- Title:
- SDSS DR1 isolated galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/129/2062
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new catalog of isolated galaxies obtained through an automated systematic search. These 2980 isolated galaxies were found in ~2099{deg}^2^ of sky in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 1 (SDSS DR1, http://www.sdss.org/dr1/) photometry. The selection algorithm, implementing a variation on the criteria developed by Karachentseva in 1973, proved to be very efficient and fast. This catalog will be useful for studies of the general galaxy characteristics. Here we report on our results.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/220/3
- Title:
- SDSS-DR7 isolated galaxy morphologies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/220/3
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Isolated galaxies in low-density regions are significant in the sense that they are least affected by the hierarchical pattern of galaxy growth and interactions with perturbers, at least for the last few gigayears. To form a comprehensive picture of the star-formation history of isolated galaxies, we constructed a catalog of isolated galaxies and their comparison sample in relatively denser environments. The galaxies are drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 in the redshift range of 0.025<z<0.044. We performed a visual inspection and classified their morphology following the Hubble classification scheme. For the spectroscopic study, we make use of the catalog provided by Oh et al. (2011ApJS..195...13O). We confirm most of the earlier understanding on isolated galaxies. The most remarkable additional results are as follows. Isolated galaxies are dominantly late type with the morphology distribution (E:S0:S:Irr)=(9.9:11.3:77.6:1.2)%. The frequency of elliptical galaxies among isolated galaxies is only a third of that of the comparison sample. Most of the photometric and spectroscopic properties are surprisingly similar between the isolated and comparison samples. However, early-type isolated galaxies are less massive by 50% and younger (by H{beta}) by 20% than their counterparts in the comparison sample. This can be explained as a result of different merger and star-formation histories for differing environments in the hierarchical merger paradigm.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/809/146
- Title:
- SDSS-DR8 isolated low-mass galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/809/146
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We study the baryon content of low-mass galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS DR8), focusing on galaxies in isolated environments where the complicating physics of galaxy-galaxy interactions are minimized. We measure neutral hydrogen (HI) gas masses and line widths for 148 isolated galaxies with stellar mass between 10^7^ and 10^9.5^M_{sun}_. We compare isolated low-mass galaxies to more massive galaxies and galaxies in denser environments by remeasuring HI emission lines from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey 40% data release. All isolated low-mass galaxies either have large atomic gas fractions or large atomic gas fractions cannot be ruled out via their upper limits. We measure a median atomic gas fraction of f_gas_=0.81+/-0.13 for our isolated low-mass sample with no systems below 0.30. At all stellar masses, the correlations between galaxy radius, baryonic mass, and velocity width are not significantly affected by environment. Finally, we estimate a median baryon to total dynamical mass fraction of f_baryon,disk_=0.15+/-0.17. We also estimate two different median baryon to halo mass fractions using the results of semi-analytic models (f_baryon,disk_=0.04+/-0.06) and abundance matching (f_baryon,halo_=0.04+/-0.02). Baryon fractions estimated directly using HI observations appear independent of environment and maximum circular velocity, while baryon fractions estimated using abundance matching show a significant depletion of baryons at low maximum circular velocities.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/765/62
- Title:
- SDSS-DR7 optical spectra analysis of radio galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/765/62
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We study a large sample of narrow-line radio galaxies (NLRGs) with extended radio structures. Using 1.4GHz radio luminosities L_1.4_, narrow optical emission line luminosities L_[OIII]_ and L_Halpha_, as well as black hole masses M_BH_ derived from stellar velocity dispersions measured from the optical spectra obtained with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we find that (1) NLRGs cover about four decades of the Eddington ratio, {lambda}{equiv}L_bol_/L_Edd_{prop.to}L_line_/M_BH_; (2) L_1.4_/M_BH_ strongly correlates with {lambda}; and (3) radio loudness, R=L_1.4_/L_Line_, strongly anti-correlates with {lambda}. A very broad range of the Eddington ratio indicates that the parent population of NLRGs includes both radio-loud quasars (RLQs) and broad-line radio galaxies (BLRGs). The correlations they obey and their high jet production efficiencies favor a jet production model which involves the so-called magnetically choked accretion scenario. In this model, production of the jet is dominated by the Blandford-Znajek mechanism, and the magnetic fields in the vicinity of the central black hole are confined by the ram pressure of the accretion flow. Since large net magnetic flux accumulated in central regions of the accretion flow required by the model can take place only via geometrically thick accretion, we speculate that the massive, "cold" accretion events associated with luminous emission-line active galactic nucleus can be accompanied by an efficient jet production only if preceded by a hot, very sub-Eddington accretion phase.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/135/10
- Title:
- SDSS-DR4/RASS source matching
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/135/10
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The current view of galaxy formation holds that all massive galaxies harbor a massive black hole at their center, but that these black holes are not always in an actively accreting phase. X-ray emission is often used to identify accreting sources, but for galaxies that are not harboring quasars (low-luminosity active galaxies), the X-ray flux may be weak, or obscured by dust. To aid in the understanding of weakly accreting black holes in the local universe, a large sample of galaxies with X-ray detections is needed. We cross-match the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) with galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 4 (SDSS DR4) to create such a sample. Because of the high SDSS source density and large RASS positional errors, the cross-matched catalog is highly contaminated by random associations. We investigate the overlap of these surveys and provide a statistical test of the validity of RASS-SDSS galaxy cross-matches.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/125/1817
- Title:
- SDSS Early-Type Galaxies Catalog
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/125/1817
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A sample of nearly 9000 early-type galaxies, in the redshift range 0.01<=z<=0.3, was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) using morphological and spectral criteria. The paper describes how the sample was selected, presents examples of images and seeing-corrected fits to the observed surface brightness profiles, describes our method for estimating K-corrections, and shows that the SDSS spectra are of sufficiently high quality to measure velocity dispersions accurately. It also provides catalogs of the measured photometric and spectroscopic parameters. In related papers, these data are used to study how early-type galaxy observables, including luminosity, effective radius, surface brightness, color, and velocity dispersion, are correlated with one another.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/888/36
- Title:
- SDSS/FIRST dwarf galaxies with VLA high res. obs.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/888/36
- Date:
- 25 Oct 2021 10:17:58
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a sample of nearby dwarf galaxies with radio-selected accreting massive black holes (BHs), the majority of which are non-nuclear. We observed 111 galaxies using sensitive, high-resolution observations from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in its most extended A-configuration at X band (~8-12GHz), yielding a typical angular resolution of ~0.25" and rms noise of ~15{mu}Jy. Our targets were selected by crossmatching galaxies with stellar masses M_*_<=3x10^9^M_{sun}_ and redshifts z<0.055 in the NASA-Sloan Atlas with the VLA Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty centimeters Survey. With our new high-resolution VLA observations, we detect compact radio sources toward 39 galaxies and carefully evaluate possible origins for the radio emission, including thermal HII regions, supernova remnants, younger radio supernovae, background interlopers, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the target galaxies. We find that 13 dwarf galaxies almost certainly host active massive BHs, despite the fact that only one object was previously identified as having optical signatures of an AGN. We also identify a candidate dual radio AGN in a more massive galaxy system. The majority of the radio-detected BHs are offset from the center of the host galaxies, with some systems showing signs of interactions/mergers. Our results indicate that massive BHs need not always live in the nuclei of dwarf galaxies, confirming predictions from simulations. Moreover, searches attempting to constrain BH seed formation using observations of dwarf galaxies need to account for such a population of "wandering" BHs.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/477/894
- Title:
- SDSS galaxies classification
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/477/894
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an automated method for the detection of bar structure in optical images of galaxies using a deep convolutional neural network that is easy to use and provides good accuracy. In our study, we use a sample of 9346 galaxies in the redshift range of 0.009-0.2 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), which has 3864 barred galaxies, the rest being unbarred. We reach a top precision of 94 per cent in identifying bars in galaxies using the trained network. This accuracy matches the accuracy reached by human experts on the same data without additional information about the images. Since deep convolutional neural networks can be scaled to handle large volumes of data, the method is expected to have great relevance in an era where astronomy data is rapidly increasing in terms of volume, variety, volatility, and velocity along with other V's that characterize big data. With the trained model, we have constructed a catalogue of barred galaxies from SDSS and made it available online.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/648/A122
- Title:
- SDSS galaxies morphological classification
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/648/A122
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Machine learning methods are effective tools in astronomical tasks for classifying objects by their individual features. One of the promising utilities is related to the morphological classification of galaxies at different redshifts. We use the photometry-based approach for the SDSS data (1) to exploit five supervised machine learning techniques and define the most effective among them for the automated galaxy morphological classification; (2) to test the influence of photometry data on morphology classification; (3) to discuss problem points of supervised machine learning and labeling bias; and (4) to apply the best fitting machine learning methods for revealing the unknown morphological types of galaxies from the SDSS DR9 at z<0.1. We used different galaxy classification techniques: human labeling, multi-photometry diagrams, naive Bayes, logistic regression, support-vector machine, random forest, k-nearest neighbors. We present the results of a binary automated morphological classification of galaxies conducted by human labeling, multi-photometry, and five supervised machine learning methods. We applied it to the sample of galaxies from the SDSS DR9 with redshifts of 0.02<z<0.1 and absolute stellar magnitudes of -24mag<Mr<-19.4mag. For the analysis we used absolute magnitudes Mu, Mg, Mr, Mi, Mz; color indices Mu-Mr, Mg-Mi, Mu-Mg, Mr-Mz; and the inverse concentration index to the center R50/R90. We determined the ability of each method to predict the morphological type, and verified various dependencies of the method's accuracy on redshifts, human labeling, morphological shape, and overlap of different morphological types for galaxies with the same color indices. We find that the morphology based on the supervised machine learning methods trained over photometric parameters demonstrates significantly less bias than the morphology based on citizen-science classifiers. The support-vector machine and random forest methods with Scikit-learn software machine learning library in Python provide the highest accuracy for the binary galaxy morphological classification. Specifically, the success rate is 96.4% for support-vector machine (96.1% early E and 96.9% late L types) and 95.5% for random forest (96.7% early E and 92.8% late L types). Applying the support-vector machine for the sample of 316 031 galaxies from the SDSS DR9 at z<0.1 with unknown morphological types, we found 139659 E and 176372 L types among them.