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Start Over Subject gamma-ray astronomy Validation Level 2
401. Third EGRET catalog (3EG)
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/123/79
Title:
Third EGRET catalog (3EG)
Short Name:
J/ApJS/123/79
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The third catalog of high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the EGRET telescope on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (3EG) includes data from 1991 April 22 to 1995 October 3 (cycles 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the mission). In addition to including more data than the second EGRET catalog and its supplement, this catalog uses completely reprocessed data to correct a number of mostly minimal errors and problems. 14 sources (3 from the Supplement) listed in Table 6 below are not appearing in the 3EG. The 271 sources (E>100 MeV) in the catalog include the single 1991 solar flare bright enough to be detected as a source, the Large Magellanic Cloud, five pulsars, one probable radio galaxy detection (Cen A), and 66 high-confidence identifications of blazars (BL Lac objects, flat-spectrum radio quasars, or unidentified flat-spectrum radio sources). In addition, 27 lower confidence potential blazar identifications are noted. Finally, the catalog contains 170 sources not yet identified firmly with known objects, although potential identifications have been suggested for a number of those. This catalog supersedes the 2EG (Cat. <J/ApJS/101/259>) and its supplement (Cat. <J/ApJS/107/227>).
402. Third IBIS/ISGRI soft gamma-ray survey catalog
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/170/175
Title:
Third IBIS/ISGRI soft gamma-ray survey catalog
Short Name:
J/ApJS/170/175
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
In this paper we report on the third soft gamma-ray source catalog obtained with the IBIS/ISGRI gamma-ray imager on board the INTEGRAL satellite. The scientific data set is based on more than 40Ms of high-quality observations performed during the first 3.5yr of Core Program and public IBIS/ISGRI observations. Compared to previous IBIS/ISGRI surveys, this catalog includes a substantially increased coverage of extragalactic fields, and comprises more than 400 high-energy sources detected in the energy range 17-100keV, including both transients and faint persistent objects that can only be revealed with longer exposure times.
403. Timing noise & astrometry of Fermi-LAT pulsars
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/814/128
Title:
Timing noise & astrometry of Fermi-LAT pulsars
Short Name:
J/ApJ/814/128
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We have constructed timing solutions for 81 {gamma}-ray pulsars covering more than five years of Fermi data. The sample includes 37 radio-quiet or radio-faint pulsars which cannot be timed with other telescopes. These timing solutions and the corresponding pulse times of arrival are prerequisites for further study, e.g., phase-resolved spectroscopy or searches for mode switches. Many {gamma}-ray pulsars are strongly affected by timing noise (TN), and we present a new method for characterizing the noise process and mitigating its effects on other facets of the timing model. We present an analysis of TN over the population using a new metric for characterizing its strength and spectral shape, namely, its time-domain correlation. The dependence of the strength on {nu} and {dot}{nu} is in good agreement with previous studies. We find that noise process power spectra S(f) for unrecycled pulsars are steep, with strong correlations over our entire data set and spectral indices s(f){propto}f^-{alpha}^ of {alpha}~5-9. One possible explanation for these results is the occurrence of unmodeled, episodic "microglitches". Finally, we show that our treatment of TN results in robust parameter estimation, and in particular we measure a precise timing position for each pulsar. We extensively validate our results with multi-wavelength astrometry, and using our updated position, we firmly identify the X-ray counterpart of PSR J1418-6058.
404. TXS 2013+370 gamma-ray emitting region
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/634/A112
Title:
TXS 2013+370 gamma-ray emitting region
Short Name:
J/A+A/634/A112
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The gamma-ray production mechanism and its localization in blazars are still a matter of debate. The main goal of this paper is to constrain the location of the high-energy emission in the blazar TXS 2013+370 and to study the physical and geometrical properties of the inner jet region on sub-pc scales. TXS 2013+370 was monitored during 2002-2013 with VLBI at 15, 22, 43, and 86GHz, which allowed us to image the jet base with an angular resolution of >=0.4pc. By employing CLEAN imaging and Gaussian model-fitting, we performed a thorough kinematic analysis at multiple frequencies, which provided estimates of the jet speed, orientation, and component ejection times. Additionally, we studied the jet expansion profile and used the information on the jet geometry to estimate the location of the jet apex. VLBI data were combined with single-dish measurements to search for correlated activity between the radio, mm, and gamma-ray emission. For this purpose, we employed a cross-correlation analysis, supported by several significance tests. The high-resolution VLBI imaging revealed the existence of a spatially bent jet, described by co-existing moving emission features and stationary features. New jet features, labeled as A1, N, and N1, are observed to emerge from the core, accompanied by flaring activity in radio/mm- bands and rays. The analysis of the transverse jet width profile constrains the location of the mm core to lie <=2pc downstream of the jet apex, and also reveals the existence of a transition from parabolic to conical jet expansion at a distance of ~54pc from the core, corresponding to ~1.5x10^6^ Schwarzschild radii. The cross-correlation analysis of the broad-band variability reveals a strong correlation between the radio-mm and gamma-ray data, with the 1mm emission lagging 49 days behind the rays. Based on this, we infer that the high energy emission is produced at a distance of the order of ~1pc from the VLBI core, suggesting that the seed photon fields for the external Compton mechanism originate either in the dusty torus or in the broad-line region.
405. Type II bursts in the Rapid Burster
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/449/268
Title:
Type II bursts in the Rapid Burster
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/449/268
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Type II bursts are thought to arise from instabilities in the accretion flow on to a neutron star in an X-ray binary. Despite having been known for almost 40 years, no model can yet satisfactorily account for all their properties. To shed light on the nature of this phenomenon and provide a reference for future theoretical work, we study the entire sample of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data of type II bursts from the Rapid Burster (MXB 1730-335). We find that type II bursts are Eddington-limited in flux, that a larger amount of energy goes in the bursts than in the persistent emission, that type II bursts can be as short as 0.130s, and that the distribution of recurrence times drops abruptly below 15-18s. We highlight the complicated feedback between type II bursts and the NS surface thermonuclear explosions known as type I bursts, and between type II bursts and the persistent emission. We review a number of models for type II bursts. While no model can reproduce all the observed burst properties and explain the source uniqueness, models involving a gating role for the magnetic field come closest to matching the properties of our sample. The uniqueness of the source may be explained by a special combination of magnetic field strength, stellar spin period and alignment between the magnetic field and the spin axis.
406. UGSs. V. kernel approach
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/209/10
Title:
UGSs. V. kernel approach
Short Name:
J/ApJS/209/10
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Nearly one-third of the {gamma}-ray sources detected by Fermi are still unidentified, despite significant recent progress in this area. However, all of the {gamma}-ray extragalactic sources associated in the second Fermi-LAT catalog have a radio counterpart. Motivated by this observational evidence, we investigate all the radio sources of the major radio surveys that lie within the positional uncertainty region of the unidentified {gamma}-ray sources (UGSs) at a 95% level of confidence. First, we search for their infrared counterparts in the all-sky survey performed by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and then we analyze their IR colors in comparison with those of the known {gamma}-ray blazars. We propose a new approach, on the basis of a two-dimensional kernel density estimation technique in the single [3.4]-[4.6]-[12]{mu}m WISE color-color plot, replacing the constraint imposed in our previous investigations on the detection at 22{mu}m of each potential IR counterpart of the UGSs with associated radio emission. The main goal of this analysis is to find distant {gamma}-ray blazar candidates that, being too faint at 22{mu}m, are not detected by WISE and thus are not selected by our purely IR-based methods. We find 55 UGSs that likely correspond to radio sources with blazar-like IR signatures. An additional 11 UGSs that have blazar-like IR colors have been found within the sample of sources found with deep recent Australia Telescope Compact Array observations.
407. Ultimate light curve of SN 1998bw/GRB 980425
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/141/163
Title:
Ultimate light curve of SN 1998bw/GRB 980425
Short Name:
J/AJ/141/163
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present multicolor light curves of SN 1998bw which appeared in ESO184-G82 in close temporal and spatial association with GRB 980425. The light curves are based on observations conducted at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) and data from the literature. The CTIO photometry reaches ~86-days after the gamma-ray burst (GRB) in U and ~160-days after the GRB in BV(RI)C. The observations in U extend the previously known coverage by about 30-days and determine the slope of the early exponential tail. We calibrate a large set of local standards in common with those of previous studies and use them to transform published observations of the supernova (SN) to our realization of the standard photometric system.
408. ULYSSES supplement to GRB 3B catalog
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/120/399
Title:
ULYSSES supplement to GRB 3B catalog
Short Name:
J/ApJS/120/399
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present interplanetary network localization information for 218 gamma-ray bursts in the third BATSE catalog obtained by analyzing the arrival times of these bursts with the Ulysses and Compton Gamma Ray Observatory spacecraft. For any given burst observed by these two spacecraft, arrival time analysis (or "triangulation") results in an annulus of possible arrival directions whose half-width varies between 7'' and 32', depending on the intensity and time history of the burst and the distance of the Ulysses spacecraft from Earth. This annulus generally intersects the BATSE error circle, which results in an average reduction of a factor of 30 of the error box area.
409. Unidentified {gamma}-ray sources. III. Radio
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/207/4
Title:
Unidentified {gamma}-ray sources. III. Radio
Short Name:
J/ApJS/207/4
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
About one-third of the {gamma}-ray sources listed in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog (2FGL) have no firmly established counterpart at lower energies and so are classified as unidentified {gamma}-ray sources (UGSs). Here, we propose a new approach to find candidate counterparts for the UGSs based on the 325 MHz radio survey performed with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope in the northern hemisphere. First, we investigate the low-frequency radio properties of blazars, the largest known population of {gamma}-ray sources; then we search for sources with similar radio properties combining the information derived from the Westerbork Northern Sky Survey (WENSS, Rengelink et al. 1997, Cat. J/A+AS/124/259; superseded by Cat. VIII/62) with those of the NRAO Very Large Array Sky Survey (NVSS, Condon et al. 1998, Cat. VIII/65). We present a list of candidate counterparts for 32 UGSs with at least one counterpart in the WENSS. We also performed an extensive research in the literature to look for infrared and optical counterparts of the {gamma}-ray blazar candidates selected using the low-frequency radio observations to confirm their nature. On the basis of our multifrequency research, we identify 23 new {gamma}-ray blazar candidates out of the 32 UGSs investigated. Comparison with previous results on the UGSs is also presented. Finally, we speculate on the advantages of using low-frequency radio observations to associate UGSs and to search for {gamma}-ray pulsar candidates.
410. Unidentified gamma-ray sources. IV. X-ray
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/209/9
Title:
Unidentified gamma-ray sources. IV. X-ray
Short Name:
J/ApJS/209/9
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
A significant fraction (~30%) of the high-energy {gamma}-ray sources listed in the second Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog are still of unknown origin, having not yet been associated with counterparts at lower energies. To investigate the nature of these enigmatic sources, we present an extensive search of X-ray sources lying in the positional uncertainty region of a selected sample of these unidentified gamma-ray sources (UGSs) that makes use of all available observations performed by the Swift X-ray Telescope before 2013 March 31, available for 205 UGSs. To detect the fainter sources, we merged all the observations covering the Fermi LAT positional uncertainty region at a 95% level of confidence of each UGS. This yields a catalog of 357 X-ray sources, finding candidate X-ray counterparts for ~70% of the selected sample. In particular, 25% of the UGSs feature a single X-ray source within their positional uncertainty region, while 45% have multiple X-ray sources. For each X-ray source, we also looked in the corresponding Swift UVOT merged images for optical and ultraviolet counterparts, also performing source photometry. We found ultraviolet-optical correspondences for ~70% of the X-ray sources. We searched several major radio, infrared, optical, and ultraviolet surveys for possible counterparts within the positional error of the sources in the X-ray catalog to obtain additional information on their nature. Applying the kernel density estimation technique to infrared colors of Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer counterparts of our X-ray sources we select six {gamma}-ray blazar candidates. In addition, comparing our results with previous analyses, we select 11 additional {gamma}-ray blazar candidates.