- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/90/83
- Title:
- Binaries in NGC 3201
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/90/83
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present BV CCD and APM photometry, accurate astrometry and 1859 radial velocities for 1318 stars within ~36deg of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 3201. The field and cluster populations separate unambiguously in two distinct samples since the systemic radial velocity of NGC 3201 is 494.2km/s. After removal of the 19 known NGC 3201 photometric variables in our sample, we have a database of 930 radial velocities for 420 member giants (276 of which have multiple velocity measurements) with which to identify spectroscopic binaries on the basis of radial velocity variations. The mean time span of the observations is 1.7yr, with coverage up to ~6yr for our best-studied stars. Monte Carlo simulations of the observed velocity variations have provided _upper_limits_ to the cluster binary fraction (for binaries with 0.1<=P<=5-10yr and mass ratios in the range 0.1-1) of 0.06-0.10 (circular orbits) and 0.15-0.18 (eccentric orbits). These results suggest an incidence of binarism for NGC 3201 consistent with the corresponding incidence among nearby solar-type stars having similar periods and mass ratios (0.04-0.08) and that for a small sample of other globular clusters (0.05-0.12) studied by Hut et al. (1992PASP..104..981H). The detailed analysis of the cluster dynamics, based on the data given here, are presented by Cote et al. (1995ApJ...454..788C).
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/391/547
- Title:
- Binary and multiple clusters in the LMC
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/391/547
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Based on the Bica et al. (1999, Cat. <J/AJ/117/238>) catalogue we studied the star cluster system of the LMC area and provide a new catalogue of all binary and multiple cluster candidates found. As a selection criterion we used a maximum separation of 1.4' corresponding to 20pc (assuming a distance modulus of 18.5mag). We performed Monte Carlo simulations and produced artificial cluster distributions that we compared with the real one in order to check how many of the found cluster pairs and groups can be expected statistically due to chance superposition on the plane of the sky. In the cluster catalogue (file "clusters.dat"), identifiers and remarks, coordinates, object type, maximum and minimum diameter D_max_ and D_min_ and the position angle (P.A.) are taken from Bica et al. (1999, Cat. <J/AJ/117/238>). For the acronyms of the objects see the "Nomenclature Notes" section below, where their Table 1 is reproduced. The acronym used in the OGLE catalogue of star clusters in the LMC (e.g., LMC0012, (Pietrzynski & Udalski, 2000AcA....50..337P) is also given. The 9th column gives the separations (d) in pc found in the corresponding group, assuming a distance modulus of 18.5mag. The last column gives the ages available in the literature; the notes given in brackets indicate the reference. In some cases, only an age for the association of which the cluster appears to be part is found. If so, a corresponding remark is given in brackets.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/366/1230
- Title:
- BI photometry of NGC 1407 and NGC 1400 GCs
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/366/1230
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present wide-field Keck telescope imaging of the globular cluster (GC) systems around NGC 1407 and 1400 in the Eridanus galaxy cloud. This is complemented by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images from the Advanced Camera for Surveys of NGC 1407 and Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 images of NGC 1400.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/399/195
- Title:
- Blue and red spectra of {omega} Cen HB stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/399/195
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) is highly structured, on scales from the size of the Solar System to that of a galaxy. In particular, small-scale structures are difficult to study and hence are poorly understood. We used the multiplex capabilities of the AAOmega spectrograph at the Anglo-Australian Telescope to create a half-square-degree map of the neutral and low-ionized ISM in front of the nearby (~5kpc), most massive Galactic globular cluster, {omega} Centauri. Its redshifted, metal-poor and hot horizontal branch stars probe the medium-strong CaII K and NaI D2 line absorption, and weak absorption in the {lambda}5780 and {lambda}5797 diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs), on scales around a parsec. The kinematical and thermodynamical picture emerging from these data is that we predominantly probe the warm neutral medium and weakly ionized medium of the Galactic Disc-Halo interface, ~0.3-1kpc above the mid-plane. A comparison with Spitzer Space Telescope 24um and DIRBE/IRAS maps of the warm and cold dust emission confirms that both NaI and CaII trace the overall column density of the warm neutral and weakly ionized medium. Clear signatures are seen of the depletion of calcium atoms from the gas phase into dust grains.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/772/148
- Title:
- Blue straggler and red giant stars in M30
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/772/148
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present spectroscopic observations acquired with FLAMES and XSHOOTER at the Very Large Telescope for a sample of 15 blue straggler stars (BSSs) in the globular cluster (GC) M30 (NGC 7099). The targets have been selected to sample the two BSS sequences discovered, with seven BSSs along the blue sequence and eight along the red one. No difference in the kinematical properties of the two groups of BSSs has been found. In particular, almost all the observed BSSs have projected rotational velocities lower than ~30 km/s, with only one (blue) fast rotating BSS (>90km/s), identified as a W UMa binary. This rotational velocity distribution is similar to those obtained in 47 Tucanae and NGC 6397, while M4 remains the only GC studied so far that harbors a large fraction of fast rotating BSSs. All stars hotter than ~7800K (regardless of the parent BSS sequence) show iron abundances larger than those measured from normal cluster stars, with a clear-cut trend with the effective temperature. This behavior suggests that particle transport mechanisms driven by radiative levitation occur in the photosphere of these stars, as already observed for the BSSs in NGC 6397. Finally, four BSSs belonging to the red sequence (not affected by radiative levitation) show a strong depletion of [O/Fe], with respect to the abundance measured in red giant branch and horizontal branch stars. This O-depletion is compatible with the chemical signature expected in BSSs formed by mass-transfer processes in binary systems, in agreement with the mechanism proposed for the formation of BSSs in the red sequence.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/663/267
- Title:
- Blue straggler population of globular cluster M5
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/663/267
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- By combining high-resolution HST and wide-field ground-based observations, in ultraviolet and optical bands, we study the blue straggler star (BSS) population of the galactic globular cluster M5 (NGC 5904) from its very central regions up to its periphery. The BSS distribution is highly peaked in the cluster center, decreases at intermediate radii and rises again outward. Such a bimodal distribution is similar to those previously observed in other globular clusters (M3, 47 Tucanae, NGC 6752). As for these clusters, dynamical simulations suggest that, while the majority of BSSs in M5 could be originated by stellar collisions, a significant fraction (20%-40%) of BSSs generated by mass transfer processes in primordial binaries is required to reproduce the observed radial distribution. A candidate BSS has been detected beyond the cluster tidal radius. If confirmed, this could represent an interesting case of an "evaporating" BSS.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/108/1786
- Title:
- Blue stragglers and variable stars in M3
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/108/1786
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper describes Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Planetary Camera-I images of the core of the dense globular cluster M3 (NGC 5272). Stellar photometry in the F555W (V) and F785LP (I) bands, with a 1 sigma photometric accuracy of about 0.1mag, has been used to construct color-magnitude diagrams of about 4700 stars above the main-sequence turnoff within r<~1' of the cluster center. We have also analyzed archival HST F336W (U) images of M3 obtained by the Wide Field/Planetary Camera-I Instrument Definition Team. The UVI data are used to identify 28 blue straggler (BS) stars within the central 0.29arcmin^2. The specific frequency of BSs in this region of M3, N(BS)/N(V<V(HB)+2)=0.094+/-0.019, is about a factor of 2-3 higher than that found by Bolte et al. [1993, ApJ, 408, L89] in a recent ground-based study of the same region, but comparable to that seen in the sparse outer parts of the same cluster and in HST observations of the core of the higher density cluster 47 Tuc. The BSs in M3 are slightly more centrally concentrated than red giant branch stars while horizontal branch stars are somewhat less concentrated than red giants. The radial distribution of V-selected subgiant and turnoff stars is well fit by a King model with a core radius r(core)=28"+/-2" (90% confidence limits), which corresponds to 1.4pc. Red giant and horizontal branch stars selected in the ultraviolet data (U<18) have a somewhat more compact distribution (r(core)=22.5"). The HST U data consist of 17 exposures acquired over a span of three days. We have used these data to isolate 40 variable stars for which relative astrometry, brightnesses, colors, and light curves are presented. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicates that, typically, the variability for each star is significant at the 95% level. We identify two variable BS candidates (probably of the SX Phe type) out of a sample of ~25 BSs in which variability could have been detected. Most of the variables are RR Lyrae stars on the horizontal branch. All of them have periods P>~8h.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/632/894
- Title:
- Blue stragglers, HB and turnoff stars in 4 GC
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/632/894
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a spectroscopic analysis of HST STIS and FOS low- and intermediate-resolution spectroscopy of 55 stars in four globular clusters (47 Tucanae, M3, NGC 6752, and NGC 6397). Stars hotter than T_eff_=5750K and with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than 15 were analyzed with non-local thermodynamic equilibrium model atmospheres, and values for their effective temperatures and gravities were obtained. Using photometric fluxes, we also obtained radii, luminosities, and spectroscopic masses. Twenty-four stars in our sample are blue stragglers (BSs). Their photometric colors and magnitudes place these BSs above and redward of the clusters' zero-age main sequence: this is consistent with the gravities we find for these stars, which are lower than zero-age main-sequence gravities. A comparison with stellar evolutionary tracks shows that almost all of our BSs are in the Hertzsprung gap. This is contrary to theory, because of the short timescale expected for stars in this evolutionary phase. The mean BS mass is 1.04M_{sun}_for 14 nonvariable stars, or 1.07M_{sun}_counting all 24 BSs in our sample. For the nonvariable stars the mean BS masses for individual clusters are 1.73, 1.01, 0.95, and 0.72M_{sun}_for NGC 6397, NGC 6752, 47 Tuc, and M3, respectively. Adding the variable stars (which improves the statistics but increases the uncertainty), the mean masses become 1.27, 1.05, 0.99, and 0.99M_{sun}_, respectively. Although there is considerable scatter, the BS spectroscopic masses correlate with both effective temperature and brightness of the stars, as expected. The mean nonvariable turnoff star mass (0.58M_{sun}_) is significantly below the values determined for the BSs and below the main-sequence turnoff mass. The mean nonvariable horizontal-branch (HB) star mass is higher than expected (0.79M_{sun}_). In particular, several HB stars have masses well above the main-sequence turnoff mass. Some of these HB stars are suspected of actually being BSs, since most of them reside at ambiguous locations on the CMD, making them prone to misclassification. Values and limits to the stellar rotation rates (vsini) are imposed by fitting weak metal lines, the Ca II K line wings, or the helium lines for the hotter stars. Five BSs with reasonably constrained rotations show average and median vsini values of 109 and 100km/s, respectively, suggesting v~160km/s. At least some GC BSs are very rapid rotators, but this information cannot yet constrain their origin as stellar collision or binary mergers because of the lack of clear theoretical predictions. Six extreme HB stars have rotation rates vsini between 50 and 200km/s, which are high for these stars and might indicate a binary origin. De Marco et al. found that four BSs and two HB stars in our sample have Balmer jumps that are too large for the effective temperatures implied by the slopes of their Paschen continua. Two additional HB stars are now identified in the current study as having the same feature. For these stars, the presence of a disk of partly ionized material is suspected, although high stellar rotation rates could also partly explain the data.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/182/509
- Title:
- Blue stragglers in M2
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/182/509
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a multiwavelength photometric analysis of the globular cluster M2. The data set has been obtained by combining high-resolution (Hubble Space Telescope/WFPC2 and ACS) and wide-field (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) space observations and ground-based (MEGACAM-CFHT, EMMI-NTT) images. The photometric sample covers the entire cluster extension from the very central regions up to the tidal radius and beyond. It allows an accurate determination of the cluster center of gravity and other structural parameters derived from the star count density profile. Moreover, we study the Blue Straggler Star (BSS) population and its radial distribution. A total of 123 BSSs have been selected, and their radial distribution has been found to be bimodal (highly peaked in the center, decreasing at intermediate radii, and rising outward), as already found in a number of other clusters. We also searched for gradients in the red giant branch (RGB) and the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) populations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/324/915
- Title:
- Blue stragglers in M3
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/324/915
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The core of the Galactic Globular Cluster M 3 (NGC 5272) has been observed with the WFPC2 through the filters F255W, F336W, F555W, and F814W. Using these observations along with a thorough reanalysis of earlier catalogs, we have produced a catalog of blue straggler stars (BSS) spanning the cluster. Earlier studies and the fainter part of our sample suffer severe selection biases. Our analysis is based on a more reliable bright global sample of 122 BSS. We confirm earlier suggestions that the radial BSS distribution in M 3 is bimodal. It is strongly peaked in the center, has a clear dip 100-200" from the center, and rises again at larger radii. The observed distribution agrees with the dynamical model of Sigurdsson et al. (1994ApJ...431L.115S) which takes into account both star collisions and merging of primordial binaries for the origin of BSS. The observed luminosity functions of BSS in the inner and outer parts of the cluster are different. Interpreting these using the models of Bailyn & Pinsonneault (1995ApJ...439..705B), we suggest that the BSS in the inner cluster are formed by stellar collisions and those in the outer cluster from merging primordial binaries.
