- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/461/1734
- Title:
- HAWK-I JHK photometry of the Orion Nebula Cloud
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/461/1734
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Due to its youth, proximity and richness, the Orion nebula cloud (ONC) is an ideal testbed to obtain a comprehensive view on the initial mass function (IMF) down to the planetary mass regime. Using the HAWK-I camera at the VLT, we have obtained an unprecedented deep and wide near-infrared JHK mosaic of the ONC (90 per cent completeness at K ~19.0mag, 22x28 arcmin^2^). Applying the most recent isochrones and accounting for the contamination of background stars and galaxies, we find that ONC's IMF is bimodal with distinct peaks at about 0.25 and 0.025M_{sun}_ separated by a pronounced dip at the hydrogen burning limit (0.08M_{sun}_), with a depth of about a factor of 2-3 below the log-normal distribution. Apart from ~920 low-mass stars (M<1.4M_{sun}_) the IMF contains ~760 brown dwarf candidates and ~160 isolated planetary mass object candidates with M>0.005M_{sun}_, hence about 10 times more substellar candidates than known before. The substellar IMF peak at 0.025M_{sun}_ could be caused by brown dwarfs and isolated planetary mass objects which have been ejected from multiple systems during the early star formation process or from circumstellar discs.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/470/957
- Title:
- H-band images of IRAS 19312+1950
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/470/957
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We obtained H-band polarimetric data of IRAS 19312+1950 using the near-infrared camera (CIAO) on the 8m Subaru telescope. In order to investigate the physical properties of the central star and the nebula, we performed dust radiative transfer modeling and compared the model results with the observed spectral energy distributions (SEDs), the radial profiles of the total intensity image, and the fraction of linear polarization map. The total intensity image shows a nearly spherical core with ~3" radius, an S-shaped arm extending ~10" in the northwest to southeast direction, and an extended lobe towards the southwest. The polarization map shows a centro-symmetric vector alignment in almost the entire nebula and low polarizations along the S-shaped arm. These results suggest that the nebula is accompanied by a central star, and the S-shaped arm has a physically ring-like structure. From our radiative transfer modeling, we estimated the stellar temperature, the bolometric luminosity, and the current mass-loss rate to be 2800K, 7000L_{sun}_, and 5.3x10^-6^M_{sun}_/yr, respectively. Taking into account previous observational results, such as the detection of SiO maser emissions and silicate absorption feature in the 10{mu}m spectrum, our dust radiative transfer analysis based on our NIR imaging polarimetry suggests that (1) the central star of IRAS 19312+1950 is likely to be an oxygen-rich, dust-enshrouded AGB star and (2) most of the circumstellar material originates from other sources (e.g. ambient dark clouds) rather than as a result of mass loss from the central star.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/403/493
- Title:
- H-band observation of Chandra Deep Field South
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/403/493
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report preliminary results of our H-band survey of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). The observations were made using SofI on the NTT, and cover 0.027 square degrees with a 50% completeness limit of H=20.5, and 0.17 square degrees with a 50% completeness limit of H=19.8. We used SExtractor to extract sources from our fields. In total we have detected 4819 objects. Star-galaxy separation was performed using the SExtractor parameter "stellarity index". All objects with an index of 0.5 or lower were classified as galaxies. According to this criterion, 80% of our detections are galaxies. We then compare our results with previous observations of the CDFS. Our astrometric solutions are in good agreement with the Las Campanas Infrared Survey (LCIRS), the COMBO-17 and the ESO-EIS surveys. The photometry of our catalog compares satisfactorily with the results of the LCIRS, as well as with the GOODS data. Galaxy number counts are presented and compared with the LCIRS results. The present data are intended to complement the recent and future multi-wavelength observations of the CDFS and will be used, in conjunction with additional multiband photometry, to find counterparts of the upcoming mid-infrared surveys with SIRTF.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/508/397
- Title:
- H-band Spectral Standards
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/508/397
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalogue of H-band spectra for 85 stars of approximately solar abundance observed at a resolving power of 3000 with the KPNO Mayall 4m Fourier Transform Spectrometer. The atlas covers spectral types O7-M5 and luminosity classes I-V as defined on the MK system. The final reduced spectra are available in addition to data products used in the analysis of the paper such as Tables of equivalent width measurements for spectral features of interest in deriving effective temperatures and estimating luminosity classes of stars. The final spectra cover wavelength range 1.52 to 1.79 microns.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/829/116
- Title:
- H-band spectroscopic analysis of 25 bright M31 GCs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/829/116
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Chemical abundances are presented for 25 M31 globular clusters (GCs), based on moderately high resolution (R=22500) H-band integrated light (IL) spectra from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE). Infrared (IR) spectra offer lines from new elements, lines of different strengths, and lines at higher excitation potentials compared to the optical. Integrated abundances of C, N, and O are derived from CO, CN, and OH molecular features, while Fe, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, and Ti abundances are derived from atomic features. These abundances are compared to previous results from the optical, demonstrating the validity and value of IR IL analyses. The CNO abundances are consistent with typical tip of the red giant branch stellar abundances but are systematically offset from optical Lick index abundances. With a few exceptions, the other abundances agree between the optical and the IR within the 1{sigma} uncertainties. The first integrated K abundances are also presented and demonstrate that K tracks the {alpha} elements. The combination of IR and optical abundances allows better determinations of GC properties and enables probes of the multiple populations in extragalactic GCs. In particular, the integrated effects of the Na/O anticorrelation can be directly examined for the first time.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/116/239
- Title:
- H band stellar spectra
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/116/239
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A sample of 37 stars of luminosity classes I, III, V, including few SMR stars observed in the H band with a medium resolution (R=1500-2000) is presented. This sample of flux calibrated spectra is intended to widen existing stellar libraries. Observations were conducted with the ISIS spectrograph at CFHT and with IRSPEC at ESO-NTT. The wavelength range covers 1.573-1.646 micron at NTT (R=1490 at 1.60micron) and 1.578-1.642 micron at CFHT (R=2000 at 1.60micron). Spectra are in relative fluxes, F(lambda), normalized to 1 in the range 1.59290-1.59506 micron. In the few cases where a star was observed both with ISIS and IRSPEC, both spectra are given. So the number of files is in fact 41 concerning 37 stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/791/55
- Title:
- HD 189733b in transit light curve
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/791/55
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report near-infrared spectroscopy of the gas giant planet HD 189733b in transit. We used the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (HST WFC3) with its G141 grism covering 1.1 {mu}m to 1.7 {mu}m and spatially scanned the image across the detector at 2''/s. When smoothed to 75 nm bins, the local maxima of the transit depths in the 1.15 {mu}m and 1.4 {mu}m water vapor features are, respectively, 83+/-53 ppm and 200+/-47 ppm greater than the local minimum at 1.3 {mu}m. We compare the WFC3 spectrum with the composite transit spectrum of HD 189733b assembled by Pont et al., extending from 0.3 {mu}m to 24 {mu}m. Although the water vapor features in the WFC3 spectrum are compatible with the model of non-absorbing, Rayleigh-scattering dust in the planetary atmosphere, we also re-interpret the available data with a clear planetary atmosphere. In the latter interpretation, the slope of increasing transit depth with shorter wavelengths from the near infrared, through the visible, and into the ultraviolet is caused by unocculted star spots, with a smaller contribution of Rayleigh scattering by molecular hydrogen in the planet's atmosphere. At relevant pressures along the terminator, our model planetary atmosphere's temperature is ~700 K, which is below the condensation temperatures of sodium- and potassium-bearing molecules, causing the broad wings of the spectral lines of Na I and K I at 0.589 {mu}m and 0.769 {mu}m to be weak.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/832/131
- Title:
- HD 88133 11-yrs radial velocity measurements
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/832/131
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We target the thermal emission spectrum of the non-transiting gas giant HD 88133 b with high-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy, by treating the planet and its host star as a spectroscopic binary. For sufficiently deep summed flux observations of the star and planet across multiple epochs, it is possible to resolve the signal of the hot gas giant's atmosphere compared to the brighter stellar spectrum, at a level consistent with the aggregate shot noise of the full data set. To do this, we first perform a principal component analysis to remove the contribution of the Earth's atmosphere to the observed spectra. Then, we use a cross-correlation analysis to tease out the spectra of the host star and HD 88133 b to determine its orbit and identify key sources of atmospheric opacity. In total, six epochs of Keck NIRSPEC L-band observations and three epochs of Keck NIRSPEC K-band observations of the HD 88133 system were obtained. Based on an analysis of the maximum likelihood curves calculated from the multi-epoch cross-correlation of the full data set with two atmospheric models, we report the direct detection of the emission spectrum of the non-transiting exoplanet HD 88133 b and measure a radial projection of the Keplerian orbital velocity of 40+/-15km/s, a true mass of 1.02_-0.28_^+0.61^M_J_, a nearly face-on orbital inclination of 15_-5_^+6^{deg}, and an atmosphere opacity structure at high dispersion dominated by water vapor. This, combined with 11 years of radial velocity measurements of the system, provides the most up-to-date ephemeris for HD 88133.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/632/A24
- Title:
- HeI IR triplet measurements for M dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/632/A24
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The HeI infrared (IR) triplet at 10830{AA} is an important activity indicator for the Sun and in solar-type stars, however, it has rarely been studied in relation to M dwarfs to date. In this study, we use the time-averaged spectra of 319 single stars with spectral types ranging from M0.0V to M9.0V obtained with the CARMENES high resolution optical and near-infrared spectrograph at Calar Alto to study the properties of the HeI IR triplet lines. In quiescence, we find the triplet in absorption with a decrease of the measured pseudo equivalent width (pEW) towards later sub-types. For stars later than M5.0V, the HeI triplet becomes undetectable in our study. This dependence on effective temperature may be related to a change in chromospheric conditions along theMdwarf sequence. When an emission in the triplet is observed, we attribute it to flaring. The absence of emission during quiescence is consistent with line formation by photo-ionisation and recombination, while flare emission may be caused by collisions within dense material. The HeI triplet tends to increase in depth according to increasing activity levels, ultimately becoming filled in; however, we do not find a correlation between the pEW(He IR) and X-ray properties. This behaviour may be attributed to the absence of very inactive stars (LX/Lbol<-5.5) in our sample or to the complex behaviour with regard to increasing depth and filling in.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/590/A72
- Title:
- Herschel counterparts of SDC
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/590/A72
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The goal of this paper is to identify which of the clouds from the Spitzer Dark Cloud catalogue (Peretto & Fuller, 2009, Cat. J/A+A/505/405) are real, which are artefacts. For this we used Herschel Hi-GAL (Molinari et al., 2010PASP..122..314M) column density maps and search for spatial associations between Spitzer Dark Cloud and Herschel column density peaks. Description: This table provides some of the key properties of the Spitzer Dark Clouds that we estimated using the Herschel data and used to disentangle between real and spurious clouds. For each cloud of the Peretto & Fuller (2009, Cat. J/A+A/505/405) catalogue we give the cloud name, the cloud equivalent radius, the average Herschel column density within the boundaries of the SDCs, the average Herschel column density immediately outside the boundary of the SDCs, the Herschel column density noise at the position of the SDC, the Herschel column density peak within the boundaries of the SDCs, the value for criterion c1, the value for criterion c2, the value for criterion c3, and a tag that indicates if the cloud has been identified as real by our automated detection scheme based on the values of c1 and c2. This tag can take a number of values. These are: 'y' for yes; n for no; 'sat' for a SDC entirely located in a saturated portion of the Herschel images; 'ysat' for a cloud that is considered real despite being partially saturated; 'out' for a SDC that is not covered by Herschel images; 'yout' for a cloud that is considered real despite being partially covered by Herschel images; 'nout' for a cloud considered spurious despite being partially covered by Herschel images. Also, note that the column referring to the equivalent radius Req is the same quantity as the one quoted in Table 1 column 11 of Peretto & Fuller (2009, Cat. J/A+A/505/405). However, these latter values should be discarded since a mistake has been found in the calculation of the equivalent radius. Only the new values, the ones provided in Table 1 column 2 of this paper should be considered.
