- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/139/1542
- Title:
- A catalog of MIPSGAL disk and ring sources
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/139/1542
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of 416 extended, resolved, disk and ringlike objects as detected in the MIPSGAL 24um survey of the Galactic plane. This catalog is the result of a search in the MIPSGAL image data for generally circularly symmetric, extended "bubbles" without prior knowledge or expectation of their physical nature. Most of the objects have no extended counterpart at 8um or 70um, with less than 20% detections at each wavelength. For the 54 objects with central point sources, the sources are nearly always seen in all Infrared Array Camera bands. About 70 objects (16%) have been previously identified, with another 35 listed as Infrared Astronomical Satellite sources.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/693/1840
- Title:
- A3266 galaxies at 24um
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/693/1840
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present Multiband Imaging Photometer observations of the cluster A3266. About 100 spectroscopic cluster members have been detected at 24um. The infrared (IR) luminosity function (LF) in A3266 is very similar to that in the Coma cluster down to the detection limit LIR~10^43^erg/s, suggesting a universal form of the bright-end IR LF for local rich clusters with M~10^15^M_{sun}_. The shape of the bright end of the A3266-Coma composite IR LF is not significantly different from that of nearby field galaxies, but the fraction of IR-bright galaxies (star formation rate (SFR)>0.2M_{sun}_/yr) in both clusters increases with cluster-centric radius. The decrease of the blue galaxy fraction toward the high-density cores only accounts for part of the trend; the fraction of red galaxies with moderate SFRs (0.2M_{sun}_/yr<SFR<1M_{sun}/yr) also decreases with increasing galaxy density. These results suggest that for the IR-bright galaxies nearby rich clusters are distinguished from the field by a lower star forming galaxy fraction, but not by a change in L*_IR_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/200/8
- Title:
- AGES: the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/200/8
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES) is a redshift survey covering, in its standard fields, 7.7deg^2^ of the Bootes field of the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey. The final sample consists of 23745 redshifts. There are well-defined galaxy samples in 10 bands (the B_W_, R, I, J, K, IRAC 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0um, and MIPS 24um bands) to a limiting magnitude of I<20mag for spectroscopy. For these galaxies, we obtained 18163 redshifts from a sample of 35200 galaxies, where random sparse sampling was used to define statistically complete sub-samples in all 10 photometric bands. The median galaxy redshift is 0.31, and 90% of the redshifts are in the range 0.085<z<0.66. Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) were selected as radio, X-ray, IRAC mid-IR, and MIPS 24um sources to fainter limiting magnitudes (I<22.5mag for point sources). Redshifts were obtained for 4764 quasars and galaxies with AGN signatures, with 2926, 1718, 605, 119, and 13 above redshifts of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. We detail all the AGES selection procedures and present the complete spectroscopic redshift catalogs and spectral energy distribution decompositions. Photometric redshift estimates are provided for all sources in the AGES samples.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/298
- Title:
- AKARI/FIS All-Sky Survey Point Source Catalogues
- Short Name:
- II/298
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The AKARI Infrared Astronomical Satellite observed the whole sky in the far infrared (50-180{mu}m) and the mid-infrared (9 and 18{mu}m) between May 2006 and August 2007 (Murakami et al. 2007PASJ...59S.369M) The AKARI/FIS All-Sky Survey Bright Source Catalog Version 1.0 provides positions and fluxes for 427071 point sources in the 4 far-infrared wavelengths centered at 65, 90, 140 and 160{mu}m (see filter characteristics in the "Note (1)" section below)
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/605/A74
- Title:
- AKARI fluxes of ATLAS3D early-type galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/605/A74
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The star formation properties of early-type galaxies (ETGs) are currently the subject of considerable interest, particularly whether they differ from the star formation properties of gas-rich spirals. We perform a systematic study of star formation in a large sample of local ETGs with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and dust emission, focusing on the star formation rates (SFRs) and star formation efficiencies (SFEs) of the galaxies. Our sample is composed of the 260 ETGs from the ATLAS^3D^ survey, from which we used the cold gas measurements (HI and CO). We estimated the SFRs from stellar, PAH, and dust fits to spectral energy distributions created from new AKARI measurements and with literature data from WISE and 2MASS. The mid-infrared luminosities of non-CO-detected galaxies are well correlated with their stellar luminosities, showing that they trace (circum)stellar dust emission. CO-detected galaxies show an excess above these correlations, uncorrelated with their stellar luminosities, indicating that they likely contain PAHs and dust of interstellar origin. PAH and dust luminosities of CO-detected galaxies show tight correlations with their molecular gas masses; the derived current SFRs are typically 0.01-1M_{sun}_/yr. These SFRs systematically decrease with stellar age at fixed stellar mass, while they correlate nearly linearly with stellar mass at fixed age. The majority of local ETGs follow the same star formation law as local star-forming galaxies and their current SFEs do not depend on either stellar mass or age. Our results clearly indicate that molecular gas is fueling current star formation in local ETGs, which appear to acquire this gas via mechanisms regulated primarily by stellar mass. The current SFEs of local ETGs are similar to those of local star-forming galaxies, indicating that their low SFRs are likely due to smaller cold gas fractions rather than a suppression of star formation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/514/A2
- Title:
- AKARI/HIP and AKARI/2MASS samples
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/514/A2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The AKARI, a Japanese infrared space mission, has performed an All-Sky Survey in six infrared-bands from 9 to 180um with higher spatial resolutions and better sensitivities than the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS). We investigate the mid-infrared (9 and 18um) point source catalog (PSC) obtained with the Infrared Camera (IRC) onboard AKARI, in order to understand the infrared nature of the known objects and to identify previously unknown objects. Color-color diagrams and a color-magnitude diagram were plotted with the AKARI-IRC PSC and other available all-sky survey catalogs. We combined the Hipparcos astrometric catalog and the 2MASS all-sky survey catalog with the AKARI-IRC PSC. We furthermore searched literature and SIMBAD astronomical database for object types, spectral types, and luminosity classes. We identified the locations of representative stars and objects on the color-magnitude and color-color diagram schemes. The properties of unclassified sources can be inferred from their locations on these diagrams.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/297
- Title:
- AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey
- Short Name:
- II/297
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The AKARI Infrared Astronomical Satellite observed the whole sky in the far infrared (50-180{mu}m) and the mid-infrared (9 and 18{mu}m) between May 2006 and August 2007 (Murakami et al. 2007PASJ...59S.369M) The AKARI/IRC Point Source Catalogue Version 1.0 provides positions and fluxes for 870,973 sources observed with the InfraRed Camera (IRC): 844,649 sources in the S9W filter, and 194,551 sources in the L18W filter; the "Note (1)" section below provides a summary of the IRC filter characteristics.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/537/A24
- Title:
- AKARI NEP-Deep field mid-IR source catalogue
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/537/A24
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new catalogue of mid-IR sources using the AKARI NEP-Deep survey. The InfraRed Camera (IRC) onboard AKARI has a comprehensive mid-IR wavelength coverage with 9 photometric bands at 2-24 micron. We designed the catalogue to include most of sources detected in 7, 9, 11, 15, and 18 micron bands, and found 7284 sources in a 0.67 square degree area.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/559/A132
- Title:
- AKARI NEP Deep Survey revised catalog
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/559/A132
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This is the revised catalogue of the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep survey. The survey was carried out with the InfraRed Camera (IRC) onboard AKARI which has a comprehensive mid-IR wavelength coverage in nine photometric bands at 2-24 micron. For mid-IR source extraction we used a detection image while for near-IR source detection we used optical to near-IR ground-based catalogue which is based on CFHT/MegaCam z', CFHT/WIRCam Ks and Subaru/Scam z' band detection. Here we present an AKARI source with the identification from the ground-based catalogue. For objects with multiple counterparts, all of these were listed in the catalogue with an upper limit for the AKARI flux. The magnitudes are given in the AB system.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/394/375
- Title:
- AKARI photometric redshift accuracy
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/394/375
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the photometric redshift accuracy achievable with the AKARI infrared data in deep multiband surveys, such as in the North Ecliptic Pole field. We demonstrate that the passage of redshifted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and silicate features into the mid-infrared wavelength window covered by AKARI is a valuable means to recover the redshifts of starburst galaxies. To this end, we have collected a sample of ~60 galaxies drawn from the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North Field with spectroscopic redshift 0.5<~zspec<~1.5 and photometry from 3.6 to 24um, provided by the Spitzer, Infrared Space Observatory and AKARI satellites. The infrared spectra are fitted using synthetic galaxy spectral energy distributions which account for starburst and active nuclei emission. For ~90 per cent of the sources in our sample, the redshift is recovered with an accuracy |zphot-zspec|/(1+zspec)~<10%. A similar analysis performed on a set of simulated spectra shows that the AKARI infrared data alone can provide photometric redshifts accurate to |zphot-zspec|/(1+zspec)~10% (1sigma) at z~<2 . At higher redshifts, the PAH features are shifted outside the wavelength range covered by AKARI and the photo-z estimates rely on the less prominent 1.6um stellar bump; the accuracy achievable in this case on (1+z) is ~10-15%, provided that the active galactic nuclei contribution to the infrared emission is subdominant. Our technique is no more prone to redshift aliasing than optical-ultraviolet photo-z, and it may be possible to reduce this aliasing further with the addition of submillimetre and/or radio data.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/474/5363
- Title:
- AKARI-SDSS-6dFGS-2MRS galaxy sample
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/474/5363
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Local infrared (IR) luminosity functions (LFs) are necessary benchmarks for high-redshift IR galaxy evolution studies. Any accurate IR LF evolution studies require accordingly accurate local IR LFs. We present IR galaxy LFs at redshifts of z<=0.3 from AKARI space telescope, which performed an all-sky survey in six IR bands (9, 18, 65, 90, 140, and 160um) with 10 times better sensitivity than its precursor Infrared Astronomical Satellite. Availability of 160um filter is critically important in accurately measuring total IR luminosity of galaxies, covering across the peak of the dust emission. By combining data from Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 13 (DR 13), six-degree Field Galaxy Survey and the 2MASS Redshift Survey, we created a sample of 15638 local IR galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts, factor of 7 larger compared to previously studied AKARI-SDSS sample. After carefully correcting for volume effects in both IR and optical, the obtained IR LFs agree well with previous studies, but comes with much smaller errors. Measured local IR luminosity density is {OMEGA}_IR_=1.19+/-0.05x10^8^L_{sun}_/Mpc^3^. The contributions from luminous IR galaxies and ultraluminous IR galaxies to {OMEGA}_IR_ are very small, 9.3 per cent and 0.9 per cent, respectively. There exists no future all-sky survey in far-IR wavelengths in the foreseeable future. The IR LFs obtained in this work will therefore remain an important benchmark for high-redshift studies for decades.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/328
- Title:
- AllWISE Data Release
- Short Name:
- II/328
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE; see Wright et al. 2010AJ....140.1868W) is a NASA Medium Class Explorer mission that conducted a digital imaging survey of the entire sky in the 3.4, 4.6, 12 and 22um mid-infrared bandpasses (hereafter W1, W2, W3 and W4). The AllWISE program extends the work of the successful Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer mission by combining data from the cryogenic and post-cryogenic survey phases to form the most comprehensive view of the mid-infrared sky currently available. AllWISE has produced a new Source Catalog and Image Atlas with enhanced sensitivity and accuracy compared with earlier WISE data releases. Advanced data processing for AllWISE exploits the two complete sky coverages to measure source motions for each Catalog source, and to compile a massive database of light curves for those objects.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/505/6051
- Title:
- Arecibo sample variability properties
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/505/6051
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a near-infrared (NIR) monitoring program carried out between 1999 and 2005 to determine the variability properties of the `Arecibo sample of OH/IR stars'. The sample consists of 385 IRAS-selected Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) candidates, for which their O-rich chemistry has been proven by the detection of 1612 MHz OH maser emission. The monitoring data was complemented by data collected from public optical and NIR surveys. We fitted the light curves obtained in the optical and NIR bands with a model using an asymmetric cosine function, and derived a period for 345 sources ~90% of the sample). Based on their variability properties, most of the Arecibo sources are classified as long-period large-amplitude variable stars (LPLAV), 4% as (candidate) post-AGB stars, and 3% remain unclassified although they are likely post-AGB stars or highly obscured AGB stars. The period distribution of the LPLAVs peaks at ~400d, with periods between 300 and 800d for most of the sources, and has a long tail up to ~2100d. Typically, the amplitudes are between 1 and 3 mag in the NIR and between 2 and 6 mag in the optical. We find correlations between periods and amplitudes, with larger amplitudes associated to longer periods, as well as between the period and the infrared colours, with the longer periods linked to the redder sources. Among the post-AGB stars, the light curve of IRAS 19566+3423 was exceptional, showing a large systematic increase (>0.4mag/yr) in K-band brightness over 7 years.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/715/506
- Title:
- Aromatic inventory of the local volume
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/715/506
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using infrared photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope, we perform the first inventory of aromatic feature emission (also commonly referred to as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission) for a statistically complete sample of star-forming galaxies in the local volume. The photometric methodology involved is calibrated and demonstrated to recover the aromatic fraction of the Infrared Array Camera 8um flux with a standard deviation of 6% for a training set of 40 SINGS galaxies (ranging from stellar to dust dominated; Kennicutt et al. 2003PASP..115..928K) with both suitable mid-infrared Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph spectra and equivalent photometry. A potential factor of 2 improvement could be realized with suitable 5.5um and 10um photometry, such as what may be provided in the future by the James Webb Space Telescope. The resulting technique is then applied to mid-infrared photometry for the 258 galaxies from the Local Volume Legacy (LVL; Dale et al. 2009, Cat. J/ApJ/703/517) survey, a large sample dominated in number by low-luminosity dwarf galaxies for which obtaining comparable mid-infrared spectroscopy is not feasible. Using oxygen abundances compiled from the literature for 129 of the 258 LVL galaxies, we find a correlation between metallicity and the aromatic-to-total infrared emission ratio but not the aromatic-to-total 8um dust emission ratio. A possible explanation is that metallicity plays a role in the abundance of aromatic molecules relative to the total dust content, but other factors, such as star formation and/or the local radiation field, affect the excitation of those molecules.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/764/133
- Title:
- Auriga-California giant molecular cloud
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/764/133
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have mapped the Auriga/California molecular cloud with the Herschel PACS and SPIRE cameras and the Bolocam 1.1mm camera on the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory with the eventual goal of quantifying the star formation and cloud structure in this giant molecular cloud (GMC) that is comparable in size and mass to the Orion GMC, but which appears to be forming far fewer stars. We have tabulated 60 compact 70/160 {mu}m sources that are likely pre-main-sequence objects and correlated those with Spitzer and WISE mid-IR sources. At 1.1 mm, we find 18 cold, compact sources and discuss their properties. The most important result from this part of our study is that we find a modest number of additional compact young objects beyond those identified at shorter wavelengths with Spitzer.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/508/2226
- Title:
- Binary central star of V510 Pup
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/508/2226
- Date:
- 19 Jan 2022 13:43:04
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Current models predict that binary interactions are a major ingredient in the formation of bipolar planetary nebulae (PNe) and pre-planetary nebulae (PPNe). Despite years of radial velocity (RV) monitoring, the paucity of known binaries amongst the latter systems means data are insufficient to examine this relationship in detail. In this work, we report on the discovery of a long-period (P=2654+/-124d) binary at the centre of the Galactic bipolar PPN IRAS 08005-2356 (V510 Pup), determined from long-term spectroscopic and near-infrared time-series data. The spectroscopic orbit is fitted with an eccentricity of 0.36+/-0.05, which is similar to that of other long-period post-AGB binaries. Time-resolved H{alpha} profiles reveal high-velocity outflows (jets) with deprojected velocities up to 231^+31^_-27_km/s seen at phases when the luminous primary is behind the jet. The outflow traced by H{alpha} is likely produced via accretion on to a main-sequence companion, for which we calculate a mass of 0.63+/-0.13M_{sun}_. This discovery is one of the first cases of a confirmed binary PPN and demonstrates the importance of high-resolution spectroscopic monitoring surveys using large telescopes in revealing binarity among these systems.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/471/629
- Title:
- Bootes-HiZELS. Em-line galaxies at z=0.4-4.7
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/471/629
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a sample of ~1000 emission-line galaxies at z=0.4-4.7 from the ~0.7deg^2^ High-z Emission-Line Survey in the Bootes field identified with a suite of six narrow-band filters at ~=0.4-2.1{mu}m. These galaxies have been selected on their Ly{alpha} (73), [OII] (285), H{beta}/[OIII] (387) or H{alpha} (362) emission line, and have been classified with optical to near-infrared colours. A subsample of 98 sources have reliable redshifts from multiple narrow-band (e.g. [OII]-H{alpha}) detections and/or spectroscopy. In this survey paper, we present the observations, selection and catalogues of emitters. We measure number densities of Ly{alpha}, [OII], H{beta}/[OIII] and H{alpha} and confirm strong luminosity evolution in star-forming galaxies from z~0.4 to ~5, in agreement with previous results. To demonstrate the usefulness of dual-line emitters, we use the sample of dual [OII]-H{alpha} emitters to measure the observed [OII]/H{alpha} ratio at z=1.47. The observed [OII]/H{alpha} ratio increases significantly from 0.40+/-0.01 at z=0.1 to 0.52+/-0.05 at z=1.47, which we attribute to either decreasing dust attenuation with redshift, or due to a bias in the (typically) fibre measurements in the local Universe that only measure the central kpc regions. At the bright end, we find that both the H{alpha} and Ly{alpha} number densities at z~=2.2 deviate significantly from a Schechter form, following a power law. We show that this is driven entirely by an increasing X-ray/active galactic nucleus fraction with line luminosity, which reaches ~=100 per cent at line luminosities L>=3x10^44^erg/s.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/127/2856
- Title:
- Brown dwarfs in the 2MASS Survey
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/127/2856
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the discovery of seven new T dwarfs identified in the Two Micron All Sky Survey (Cat. <II/246>). Low-resolution (R~150) 0.8-2.5{mu}m spectroscopy obtained with the Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) SpeX instrument reveals the characteristic H_2_O and CH_4_ bands in the spectra of these brown dwarfs. Comparison with spectral standards observed with the same instrument enables us to derive classifications of T3 to T7 for the objects in this sample. Moderate-resolution (R~1200) near-infrared spectroscopy for a subset of these discoveries reveal K I line strengths consistent with previously observed trends with spectral type. Follow-up imaging observations provide proper-motion measurements for these sources, ranging from less than 0.1" to 1.55"/yr. One object, 2MASS 0034+0523, has a spectrophotometric distance placing it within 10pc of the Sun. This source also exhibits a depressed K-band peak reminiscent of the peculiar T dwarf 2MASS 0937+2931 and may be a metal-poor or old, high-mass brown dwarf. We also present low-resolution SpeX data for a set of M- and L-type dwarf, subdwarf, and giant comparison stars used to classify 59 additional candidates identified as background stars. These are primarily M5-M8.5 dwarfs, many exhibiting H I Pa^{gamma}^, but include three candidate ultracool M subdwarfs and one possible early-type L subdwarf.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/385/884
- Title:
- BVRIJHK photometry of 27 post-AGB candidates
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/385/884
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- BVRIJHK photometric observations are presented for 27 post-AGB candidates. Almost all objects show a double peaked spatial energy distribution (SED) curve in the optical to far-infrared wavelengths. Seventeen objects were classified as post-AGB stars on the basis of their spectral type, location in the IRAS color-color diagram and SED. The physical parameters of the observed post-AGB stars, the inner radius of the detached shell, the mass of the shell and the distance were derived using the simple dust shell model. We compared our observational sequence of post-AGB objects to the theoretical evolutionary sequence (Schoenberner, 1983ApJ...272..708S; Bloecker, 1995, Cat. <J/A+A/299/755>) in the stellar temperatures versus age diagram. We found that two post-AGB stars, IRAS 05040+4820 and 08187-1905, have low stellar temperature with a large dynamical age of the dust shell. They appear to provide the first observational evidence that some low-mass stars bypass the planetary nebulae stage because of their slow increase in stellar temperature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/743/118
- Title:
- BVRIJHK photometry of the 2008 OT in NGC 300
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/743/118
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The 2008 optical transient in NGC 300 is one of a growing class of intermediate-luminosity transients that brighten several orders of magnitude from a previously optically obscured state. The origin of their eruptions is not understood. Our multi-wavelength photometry and spectroscopy from maximum light to more than a year later provide a record of its post-eruption behavior. We describe its changing spectral energy distribution, the evolution of its absorption- and emission-line spectrum, the development of a bipolar outflow, and the rapid transition from a dense wind to an optically thin ionized wind. In addition to strong, narrow hydrogen lines, the F-type absorption-line spectrum of the transient is characterized by strong CAII and [CAII] emission. The very broad wings of the CAII triplet and the asymmetric [CAII] emission lines are due to strong Thomson scattering in the expanding ejecta. Post-maximum, the hydrogen and CaII lines developed double-peaked emission profiles that we attribute to a bipolar outflow. Between approximately 60 and 100 days after maximum, the F-type absorption spectrum, formed in its dense wind, weakened and the wind became transparent to ionizing radiation. We discuss the probable evolutionary state of the transient and similar objects such as SN 2008S and conclude that they were most likely post-red supergiants or post-asymptotic giant branch stars on a blue loop to warmer temperatures when the eruption occurred. These objects are not luminous blue variables.