- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/528/A49
- Title:
- HAT-P-1b Ks-band secondary eclipse
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/528/A49
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Only recently it has become possible to measure the thermal emission from hot-Jupiters at near-Infrared wavelengths using ground-based telescopes, by secondary eclipse observations. This allows the planet flux to be probed around the peak of its spectral energy distribution, which is vital for the understanding of its energy budget. The aim of the reported work is to measure the eclipse depth of the planet HAT-P-1b at 2.2micron. This planet is an interesting case, since the amount of stellar irradiation it receives falls in between that of the two best studied systems (HD209458 and HD189733), and it has been suggested to have a weak thermal inversion layer. We have used the LIRIS instrument on the William Herschel Telescope (WHT) to observe the secondary eclipse of HAT-P-1b in the Ks-band, as part of our Ground-based secondary eclipse (GROUSE) project. The observations were done in staring mode, while significantly defocusing the telescope to avoid saturation on the K=8.4 star. With an average cadence of 2.5 seconds, we collected 6520 frames during one night.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/706/785
- Title:
- HAT-P-12 light curve
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/706/785
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on the discovery of HAT-P-12b, a transiting extrasolar planet orbiting the moderately bright V~12.8 K4 dwarf GSC 03033-00706, with a period P=3.2130598+/-0.0000021d, transit epoch T_c_=2454419.19556+/-0.00020 (BJD), and transit duration 0.0974+/-0.0006d. The host star has a mass of 0.73+/-0.02M_{sun}_, radius of 0.70^+0.02^_-0.01_R_{sun}_, effective temperature 4650+/-60K, and metallicity [Fe/H]=-0.29+/-0.05. We find a slight correlation between the observed spectral line bisector spans and the radial velocity, so we consider, and rule out, various blend configurations including a blend with a background eclipsing binary, and hierarchical triple systems where the eclipsing body is a star or a planet. We conclude that a model consisting of a single star with a transiting planet best fits the observations, and show that a likely explanation for the apparent correlation is contamination from scattered moonlight. Based on this model, the planetary companion has a mass of 0.211+/-0.012M_J_ and radius of 0.959^+0.029^_-0.021_R_J_ yielding a mean density of 0.295+/-0.025g/cm^3^. Comparing these observations with recent theoretical models, we find that HAT-P-12b is consistent with a ~1-4.5Gyr, mildly irradiated, H/He-dominated planet with a core mass M_C_<~10M_{earth}_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/818/176
- Title:
- HST/WFC3 NIR photometry of 2M1207b
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/818/176
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Rotational modulations of brown dwarfs have recently provided powerful constraints on the properties of ultra-cool atmospheres, including longitudinal and vertical cloud structures and cloud evolution. Furthermore, periodic light curves directly probe the rotational periods of ultra-cool objects. We present here, for the first time, time-resolved high-precision photometric measurements of a planetary-mass companion, 2M1207b. We observed the binary system with Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 in two bands and with two spacecraft roll angles. Using point-spread function-based photometry, we reach a nearly photon-noise limited accuracy for both the primary and the secondary. While the primary is consistent with a flat light curve, the secondary shows modulations that are clearly detected in the combined light curve as well as in different subsets of the data. The amplitudes are 1.36% in the F125W and 0.78% in the F160W filters, respectively. By fitting sine waves to the light curves, we find a consistent period of 10.7_-0.6_^+1.2^hr and similar phases in both bands. The J- and H-band amplitude ratio of 2M1207b is very similar to a field brown dwarf that has identical spectral type but different J-H color. Importantly, our study also measures, for the first time, the rotation period for a directly imaged extra-solar planetary-mass companion.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/108
- Title:
- i filter photometry for HATS-25 through HATS-30
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/108
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report six new inflated hot Jupiters (HATS-25b through HATS-30b) discovered using the HATSouth global network of automated telescopes. The planets orbit stars with V magnitudes in the range of ~12-14 and have masses in the largely populated 0.5M_J_--0.7M_J_ region of parameter space but span a wide variety of radii, from 1.17R_J_ to 1.75R_J_. HATS-25b, HATS-28b, HATS-29b, and HATS-30b are typical inflated hot Jupiters (R_p_=1.17--1.26R_J_) orbiting G-type stars in short period (P=3.2-4.6 days) orbits. However, HATS-26b (R_p_=1.75R_J_, P=3.3024days) and HATS-27b (R_p_=1.50R_J_, P=4.6370days) stand out as highly inflated planets orbiting slightly evolved F stars just after and in the turn-off points, respectively, which are among the least dense hot Jupiters, with densities of 0.153g/cm^3^ and 0.180g/cm^3^, respectively. All the presented exoplanets but HATS-27b are good targets for future atmospheric characterization studies, while HATS-27b is a prime target for Rossiter-McLaughlin monitoring in order to determine its spin-orbit alignment given the brightness (V=12.8) and stellar rotational velocity (vsini~9.3km/s) of the host star. These discoveries significantly increase the number of inflated hot Jupiters known, contributing to our understanding of the mechanism(s) responsible for hot Jupiter inflation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/144/42
- Title:
- Infrared photometry of 90 KOIs
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/144/42
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- All transiting planets are at risk of contamination by blends with nearby, unresolved stars. Blends dilute the transit signal, causing the planet to appear smaller than it really is, or produce a false-positive detection when the target star is blended with eclipsing binary stars. This paper reports on high spatial-resolution adaptive optics images of 90 Kepler planetary candidates. Companion stars are detected as close as 0.1" from the target star. Images were taken in the near-infrared (J and Ks bands) with ARIES on the MMT and PHARO on the Palomar Hale 200inch telescope. Most objects (60%) have at least one star within 6" separation and a magnitude difference of 9. Eighteen objects (20%) have at least one companion within 2" of the target star; six companions (7%) are closer than 0.5". Most of these companions were previously unknown, and the associated planetary candidates should receive additional scrutiny. Limits are placed on the presence of additional companions for every system observed, which can be used to validate planets statistically using the BLENDER method. Validation is particularly critical for low-mass, potentially Earth-like worlds, which are not detectable with current-generation radial velocity techniques. High-resolution images are thus a crucial component of any transit follow-up program.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/184
- Title:
- Irregular planetary satellites colors & shapes
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/184
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It is widely recognized that the irregular satellites of the giant planets were captured from initially heliocentric orbits. However, the mechanism of capture and the source region from which they were captured both remain unknown. We present an optical color survey of 43 irregular satellites of the outer planets conducted using the LRIS camera on the 10 m telescope at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii. The measured colors are compared to other planetary bodies in search for similarities and differences that may reflect upon the origin of the satellites. We find that ultrared matter (with color index B-R>=1.6), while abundant in the Kuiper Belt and Centaur populations, is depleted from the irregular satellites. We also use repeated determinations of the absolute magnitudes to make a statistical estimate of the average shape of the irregular satellites. The data provide no evidence that the satellites and the main-belt asteroids are differently shaped, consistent with collisions as the major agent shaping both.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/440/1470
- Title:
- Ji light curves of WTS-2
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/440/1470
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the discovery of WTS-2 b, an unusually close-in 1.02-d hot Jupiter (M_P_=1.12M_J_, R_P_=1.30R_J_) orbiting a K2V star, which has a possible gravitationally bound M-dwarf companion at 0.6-arcsec separation contributing ~20% of the total flux in the observed J-band light curve. The planet is only 1.5 times the separation from its host star at which it would be destroyed by Roche lobe overflow, and has a predicted remaining lifetime of just ~40Myr, assuming a tidal dissipation quality factor of Q'_*_=10^6^. Q'_*_ is a key factor in determining how frictional processes within a host star affect the orbital evolution of its companion giant planets, but it is currently poorly constrained by observations. We calculate that the orbital decay of WTS-2 b would correspond to a shift in its transit arrival time of T_shift_~17s after 15yr assuming Q'_*_=10^6^. A shift less than this would place a direct observational constraint on the lower limit of Q'_*_ in this system. We also report a correction to the previously published expected T_shift_ for WASP-18 b, finding that T_shift_=356s after 10yr for Q'_*_10^6^, which is much larger than the estimated 28s quoted in WASP-18 b discovery paper. We attempted to constrain Q'_*_ via a study of the entire population of known transiting hot Jupiters, but our results were inconclusive, requiring a more detailed treatment of transit survey sensitivities at long periods. We conclude that the most informative and straightforward constraints on Q'_*_ will be obtained by direct observational measurements of the shift in transit arrival times in individual hot Jupiter systems. We show that this is achievable across the mass spectrum of exoplanet host stars within a decade, and will directly probe the effects of stellar interior structure on tidal dissipation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/153/71
- Title:
- Kepler follow-up observation program. I. Imaging
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/153/71
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present results from high-resolution, optical to near-IR imaging of host stars of Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs), identified in the original Kepler field. Part of the data were obtained under the Kepler imaging follow-up observation program over six years (2009-2015). Almost 90% of stars that are hosts to planet candidates or confirmed planets were observed. We combine measurements of companions to KOI host stars from different bands to create a comprehensive catalog of projected separations, position angles, and magnitude differences for all detected companion stars (some of which may not be bound). Our compilation includes 2297 companions around 1903 primary stars. From high-resolution imaging, we find that ~10% (~30%) of the observed stars have at least one companion detected within 1'' (4''). The true fraction of systems with close (<~4'') companions is larger than the observed one due to the limited sensitivities of the imaging data. We derive correction factors for planet radii caused by the dilution of the transit depth: assuming that planets orbit the primary stars or the brightest companion stars, the average correction factors are 1.06 and 3.09, respectively. The true effect of transit dilution lies in between these two cases and varies with each system. Applying these factors to planet radii decreases the number of KOI planets with radii smaller than 2R_{Earth}_ by ~2%-23% and thus affects planet occurrence rates. This effect will also be important for the yield of small planets from future transit missions such as TESS.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/813/130
- Title:
- Kepler multiple transiting planet systems
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/813/130
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Kepler mission provides a wealth of multiple transiting planet systems (MTPSs). The formation and evolution of multi-planet systems are likely to be influenced by companion stars given the abundance of multiple stellar systems. We study the influence of stellar companions by measuring the stellar multiplicity rate of MTPSs. We select 138 bright (K_P_<13.5) Kepler MTPSs and search for stellar companions with adaptive optics (AO) imaging data and archival radial velocity data. We obtain new AO images for 73 MTPSs. Other MTPSs in the sample have archival AO imaging data from the Kepler Community Follow-up Observation Program. From these imaging data, we detect 42 stellar companions around 35 host stars. For stellar separation 1 AU<a<100 AU, the stellar multiplicity rate is 5.2+/-5.0% for MTPSs, which is 2.8{sigma} lower than 21.1+/-2.8% for the control sample, i.e., the field stars in the solar neighborhood. We identify two origins for the deficit of stellar companions within 100 AU of MTPSs: (1) a suppressive planet formation and (2) the disruption of orbital coplanarity due to stellar companions. To distinguish between the two origins, we compare the stellar multiplicity rates of MTPSs and single transiting planet systems (STPSs). However, current data are not sufficient for this purpose. For 100 AU<a<2000 AU, the stellar multiplicity rates are comparable for MTPSs (8.0+/-4.0%), STPSs (6.4+/-5.8%), and the control sample (12.5+/-2.8%).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/426/91
- Title:
- Kepler stars with infrared excess
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/426/91
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We describe a search for infrared excess emission from dusty circumstellar material around 180000 stars observed by the Kepler and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer missions. This study is motivated by (i) the potential to find bright warm discs around planet host stars, (ii) a need to characterize the distribution of rare warm discs and (iii) the possible identification of candidates for discovering transiting dust concentrations. We find about 8000 stars that have excess emission, mostly at 12um.