- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/450/3137
- Title:
- Optical/NIR light curves of SN 2009ib
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/450/3137
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present optical and near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2009ib, a Type II-P supernova in NGC 1559. This object has moderate brightness, similar to those of the intermediate-luminosity SNe 2008in and 2009N. Its plateau phase is unusually long, lasting for about 130d after explosion. The spectra are similar to those of the subluminous SN 2002gd, with moderate expansion velocities. We estimate the ^56^Ni mass produced as 0.046+/-0.015M_{sun}_. We determine the distance to SN 2009ib using both the expanding photosphere method (EPM) and the standard candle method. We also apply EPM to SN 1986L, a Type II-P SN that exploded in the same galaxy. Combining the results of different methods, we conclude the distance to NGC 1559 as D=19.8+/-3.0Mpc. We examine archival, pre-explosion images of the field taken with the Hubble Space Telescope, and find a faint source at the position of the SN, which has a yellow colour [(V-I)_0_=0.85mag]. Assuming it is a single star, we estimate its initial mass as M_ZAMS_=20M_{sun}_. We also examine the possibility, that instead of the yellow source the progenitor of SN 2009ib is a red supergiant star too faint to be detected. In this case, we estimate the upper limit for the initial zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) mass of the progenitor to be ~14-17M_{sun}_. In addition, we infer the physical properties of the progenitor at the explosion via hydrodynamical modelling of the observables, and estimate the total energy as ~0.55x10^51^erg, the pre-explosion radius as ~400R_{sun}_, and the ejected envelope mass as ~15M_{sun}_, which implies that the mass of the progenitor before explosion was ~16.5-17M_{sun}_.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/449/1941
- Title:
- Optical/NIR photometry of OGLE-2012-SN-006
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/449/1941
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present optical observations of the peculiar Type Ibn supernova (SN Ibn) OGLE-2012-SN-006, discovered and monitored by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment-IV survey, and spectroscopically followed by Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey of Transient Objects (PESSTO) at late phases. Stringent pre-discovery limits constrain the explosion epoch with fair precision to JD=2456203.8+/-4.0. The rise time to the I-band light-curve maximum is about two weeks. The object reaches the peak absolute magnitude M_I_=-19.65+/-0.19 on JD=2456218.1+/-1.8. After maximum, the light curve declines for about 25 d with a rate of 4 mag (100 d)^-1^. The symmetric I-band peak resembles that of canonical Type Ib/c supernovae (SNe), whereas SNe Ibn usually exhibit asymmetric and narrower early-time light curves. Since 25 d past maximum, the light curve flattens with a decline rate slower than that of the ^56^Co-^56^Fe decay, although at very late phases it steepens to approach that rate. However, other observables suggest that the match with the ^56^Co decay rate is a mere coincidence, and the radioactive decay is not the main mechanism powering the light curve of OGLE-2012-SN-006. An early-time spectrum is dominated by a blue continuum, with only a marginal evidence for the presence of HeI lines marking this SN type. This spectrum shows broad absorptions bluewards than 5000 {AA}, likely OII lines, which are similar to spectral features observed in superluminous SNe at early epochs. The object has been spectroscopically monitored by PESSTO from 90 to 180 d after peak, and these spectra show the typical features observed in a number of SN 2006jc-like events, including a blue spectral energy distribution and prominent and narrow ({nu}_FWHM_~1900 km/s) HeI emission lines. This suggests that the ejecta are interacting with He-rich circumstellar material. The detection of broad (10^4^ km/s) OI and CaII features likely produced in the SN ejecta (including the [OI] {lambda}{lambda}6300,6364 doublet in the latest spectra) lends support to the interpretation of OGLE-2012-SN-006 as a core-collapse event.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/90
- Title:
- 1996-2009 optical photometric monitoring for 3C 66A
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/90
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- 3C 66A is one of the most interesting blazars and one of our monitoring objects carried out with the 1.56 m telescope at Sheshan station, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (ShAO). It has been monitored since 1996 December 11. In the present work, we show its optical light curves during the period of 1996 December 11-2009 December 28. From our observations, we found that the largest variations in the V, R, and I bands are {Delta}V=1.840+/-0.065, {Delta}R=1.898+/-0.069 mag, and {Delta}I=1.659+/-0.047 mag, respectively. Intra-day variabilities are found in the three bands: in the V band, an A=17.7% brightness increase over {Delta}T=47.5 minutes on JD 2455119, and an A=46.27% brightness increase over {Delta}T=271.4 minutes on JD 2454816; in the R band, an A=47.09% brightness increase over {Delta}T=23.18 minutes on JD 2454004, and an A=38.11% brightness increase over {Delta}T=87.98 minutes on JD 2453995; and in the I band, an A=13.2% brightness decrease over {Delta}T=38.44 minutes on JD 2453995, and an A=92.8% brightness decrease over {Delta}T=344.02 minutes on JD 2454818. For micro-variability, we found that R variability leads I variability by 25.92+/-1.09 minutes. When the periodicity analysis methods, with the red noise being considered, are adopted to the V, R, and I observations, we can find that the periodogram to the V data is consistent with red noise, except for 1 CLEANest peak corresponding to the timescale of 696.0+/-182.0 days, those to the R data are 653.0+/-171.0 and 156.0+/-17.0 days; and those to the I data are 801.0+/-207.0 and 156.0+/-15.0 days, respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/150/67
- Title:
- Optical photometry for 1ES 1959+650
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/150/67
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using the 1.56m telescope at Shanghai Observatory, China, we present the photometric results of 1ES 1959+650, which cover from 2006 June 11 to 2014 July 31. The maximum variabilities are {Delta}m_V|max_=1.74+/-0.02mag in the V band, {Delta}m_R|max_=0.97+/-0.02mag in the R band, and {Delta}m_I/max_=1.15+/-0.03mag in the I band. During the monitoring period, we obtain intraday variabilities on 2009 September 2 (JD2455077) and 2009 September 3 (JD2455078). On 2009 September 2, the intraday variabilities are {Delta}m_V_=0.36+/-0.08mag within 1.56hr, {Delta}m_R_=0.21+/-0.04mag within 23minutes, and {Delta}m_I_=0.53+/-0.03mag within 45minutes. On 2009 September 3, the intraday variabilities are {Delta}m_V_=0.40+/-0.10mag within 27minutes, {Delta}m_R_=0.48+/-0.04mag within 3.24hr, and {Delta}m_I_=0.68+/-0.06mag within 3.72hr. The two intraday variabilities occur in 24hr, which may occur in the same variable phase. Other results show that (1) no quasi-periodicity is found in the long-term light curve and (2) the correlations between the brightness and the spectrum show obvious anti-correlation, {alpha}=-(0.18+/-0.02)F_V_+(2.33+/-0.12), with the correlation coefficient r=-0.74 and the chance probability p<0.01%.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/756/79
- Title:
- Optical photometry in 3 Local Group dwarf galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/756/79
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present deep wide-field photometry of three recently discovered faint Milky Way (MW) satellites: Leo V, Pisces II, and Canes Venatici II. Our main goals are to study the structure and star formation history of these dwarfs; we also search for signs of tidal disturbance. The three satellites have similar half-light radii (~60-90pc) but a wide range of ellipticities. Both Leo V and CVn II show hints of stream-like overdensities at large radii. An analysis of the satellite color-magnitude diagrams shows that all three objects are old (>10Gyr) and metal-poor ([Fe/H]~-2), though neither the models nor the data have sufficient precision to assess when the satellites formed with respect to cosmic reionization. The lack of an observed younger stellar population (<~10Gyr) possibly sets them apart from the other satellites at Galactocentric distances >~150kpc. We present a new compilation of structural data for all MW satellite galaxies and use it to compare the properties of classical dwarfs to the ultra-faints. The ellipticity distribution of the two groups is consistent at the ~2{sigma} level. However, the faintest satellites tend to be more aligned toward the Galactic Center, and those satellites with the highest ellipticity (>~0.4) have orientations ({Delta}{theta}_GC_) in the range 20{deg}<~{Delta}{theta}_GC_<~40{deg}. This latter observation is in rough agreement with predictions from simulations of dwarf galaxies that have lost a significant fraction of their dark matter halos and are being tidally stripped.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/769/108
- Title:
- Optical photometry of 4 millisecond pulsars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/769/108
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In the last few years, over 43 millisecond radio pulsars have been discovered by targeted searches of unidentified {gamma}-ray sources found by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. A large fraction of these millisecond pulsars are in compact binaries with low-mass companions. These systems often show eclipses of the pulsar signal and are commonly known as black widows and redbacks because the pulsar is gradually destroying its companion. In this paper, we report on the optical discovery of four strongly irradiated millisecond pulsar companions. All four sources show modulations of their color and luminosity at the known orbital periods from radio timing. Light curve modeling of our exploratory data shows that the equilibrium temperature reached on the companion's dayside with respect to their nightside is consistent with about 10%-30% of the available spin-down energy from the pulsar being reprocessed to increase the companion's dayside temperature. This value compares well with the range observed in other irradiated pulsar binaries and offers insights about the energetics of the pulsar wind and the production of {gamma}-ray emission. In addition, this provides a simple way of estimating the brightness of irradiated pulsar companions given the pulsar spin-down luminosity. Our analysis also suggests that two of the four new irradiated pulsar companions are only partially filling their Roche lobe. Some of these sources are relatively bright and represent good targets for spectroscopic follow-up.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/447/1661
- Title:
- Optical photometry of nova V5588 Sgr
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/447/1661
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The outburst of Nova Sgr 2011 N.2 (=V5588 Sgr) was followed with optical and near-IR photometric and spectroscopic observations for 3.5 yr, beginning shortly before the maximum. V5588 Sgr is located close to Galactic Centre, suffering from E(B-V)=1.56(+/-0.1) extinction. The primary maximum was reached at V=12.37 on UT 2011 April 2.5(+/-0.2), and the underlying smooth decline was moderately fast with t^V^_2_=38 and t^V^_3_=77 d. On top of an otherwise normal decline, six self-similar, fast evolving and bright secondary maxima (SdM) appeared in succession. Only very few other novae have presented so clear SdM. Both the primary maximum and all SdM occurred at later times with increasing wavelengths, by amounts in agreement with expectations from fireball expansions. The radiative energy released during SdM declined following an exponential pattern, while the breadth of individual SdM and the time interval between them widened. Emission lines remained sharp (FWHM~1000 km/s) throughout the whole nova evolution, with the exception of a broad pedestal with a trapezoidal shape ({Delta}vel=3600 km/s at the top and 4500 km/s at the bottom) which was only seen during the advanced decline from SdM maxima and was absent in between SdM. V5588 Sgr at maximum light displayed a typical FeII-class spectrum which did not evolve into a nebular stage. About 10 d into the decline from primary maximum, a typical high-ionization He/N-class spectrum appeared and remained visible simultaneously with the FeII-class spectrum, qualifying V5588 Sgr as a rare hybrid nova. While the FeII-class spectrum faded into oblivion, the He/N-class spectrum developed strong [FeX] coronal lines.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/183/261
- Title:
- Optical photometry of the ONC
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/183/261
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present U, B, V, I broadband, 6200{AA} TiO medium band, and H{alpha} narrow band photometry of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) obtained with the WFI imager at the ESO/MPI 2.2 telescope at La Silla Observatory. The nearly simultaneous observations cover the entire ONC in a field of about 34x34arcmin^2^. They enable us to determine stellar colors avoiding the additional scatter in the photometry induced by stellar variability typical of pre-main-sequence stars. We identify 2612 point-like sources in the I band; 58%, 43%, and 17% of them are also detected in V, B, and U, respectively. 1040 sources are identified in the H{alpha} band. In this paper we present the observations, the calibration techniques adopted, and the resulting catalog. We show the derived color-magnitude diagram of the population and discuss the completeness of our photometry. We define a spectrophotometric TiO index that takes into account the fluxes in the V, I, and TiO bands. Comparing it with spectral types of ONC members in the literature, we find a correlation between the index and the spectral type valid for M-type stars, which is accurate to better than 1 spectral subclass for M3-M6 types and better than 2 spectral subclasses for M0-M2 types. This allows us to newly classify 217 stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/882/30
- Title:
- Optical photometry of type Ia SN 2014J
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/882/30
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present extensive ground-based and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry of the highly reddened, very nearby SN Ia 2014J in M82, covering the phases from 9 days before to about 900 days after the B-band maximum. SN 2014J is similar to other normal SNe Ia near the maximum light, but it shows flux excess in the B band in the early nebular phase. This excess flux emission can be due to light scattering by some structures of circumstellar materials located at a few 10^17^cm, consistent with a single-degenerate progenitor system or a double-degenerate progenitor system with mass outflows in the final evolution or magnetically driven winds around the binary system. At t~+300 to ~+500 days past the B-band maximum, the light curve of SN 2014J shows a faster decline relative to the 56Ni decay. That feature can be attributed to the significant weakening of the emission features around [FeIII]{lambda}4700 and [FeII]{lambda}5200 rather than the positron escape, as previously suggested. Analysis of the HST images taken at t>600 days confirms that the luminosity of SN 2014J maintains a flat evolution at the very late phase. Fitting the late-time pseudobolometric light curve with radioactive decay of ^56^Ni, ^57^Ni, and ^55^Fe isotopes, we obtain the mass ratio ^57^Ni/^56^Ni as 0.035+/-0.011, which is consistent with the corresponding value predicted from the 2D and 3D delayed-detonation models. Combined with early-time analysis, we propose that delayed-detonation through the single-degenerate scenario is most likely favored for SN 2014J.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/569/23
- Title:
- Optical polarisation of 2MASS QSOs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/569/23
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Optical broadband polarimetry is presented for near-infrared color-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) classified as quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) based on their Ks-band luminosity. More than 10% of a sample of 70 QSOs discovered in the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS, Cat. <B/2mass>) with J-Ks>2 and M_Ks_<-23 show high broadband linear polarization (P>3%), and values range to a maximum of P~11%. High polarization tends to be associated with the most luminous objects at Ks and with QSOs having the highest near-IR to optical flux ratios. The 2MASS QSO sample includes objects possessing a wide range of optical spectral types. High polarization is seen in two of 22 broad emission-line (type 1) objects, but ~1/4 of the QSOs of intermediate spectral type (type 1.5-1.9) are highly polarized. None of the nine QSOs classified as type 2 exhibit P>3%.
