- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AcA/66/405
- Title:
- Galactic bulge eclipsing & ellipsoidal binaries
- Short Name:
- J/AcA/66/405
- Date:
- 25 Oct 2021 09:34:13
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a collection of 450598 eclipsing and ellipsoidal binary systems detected in the OGLE fields toward the Galactic bulge. The collection consists of binary systems of all types: detached, semi-detached, and contact eclipsing binaries, RS CVn stars, cataclysmic variables, HWVir binaries, double periodic variables, and even planetary transits. For all stars we provide the I- and V-band time-series photometry obtained during the OGLE-II, OGLE-III, and OGLE-IV surveys. We discuss methods used to identify binary systems in the OGLE data and present several objects of particular interest.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/614/A149
- Title:
- 417 Galactic bulge red giant O & Zn abund.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/614/A149
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Oxygen and zinc in the Galactic bulge are key elements for the understanding of the bulge chemical evolution. Oxygen-to-iron abundance ratios provide a most robust indicator of the star formation rate and chemical evolution of the bulge. Zinc is enhanced in metal-poor stars, behaving as an {alpha}-element, and its production may require nucleosynthesis in hypernovae. Most of the neutral gas at high redshift is in damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs), where Zn is also observed to behave as an {alpha}-element. The aim of this work is the derivation of the {alpha}-element oxygen, together with nitrogen, and the iron-peak element zinc abundances in 417 bulge giants, from moderate resolution (R~22000) FLAMES-GIRAFFE spectra. For stars in common with a set of UVES spectra with higher resolution (R~45000), the data are intercompared. The results are compared with literature data and chemodynamical models. We studied the spectra obtained for a large sample of red giant stars, chosen to be one magnitude above the horizontal branch, using FLAMES-GIRAFFE on the Very Large Telescope. We computed the O abundances using the forbidden [OI] 6300.3{AA} and Zn abundances using the ZnI 6362.34{AA} lines. Stellar parameters for these stars were established in a previous work from our group. We present oxygen abundances for 358 stars, nitrogen abundances for 403 stars and zinc abundances were derived for 333 stars. Having oxygen abundances for this large sample adds information in particular at the moderate metallicities of -1.6<[Fe/H]<-0.8. Zn behaves as an {alpha}-element, very similarly to O, Si, and Ca. It shows the same trend as a function of metallicity as the {alpha}-elements, i.e., a turnover around [Fe/H]~-0.6, and then decreasing with increasing metallicity. The results are compared with chemodynamical evolution models of O and Zn enrichment for a classical bulge. DLAs also show an enhanced zinc-to-iron ratio, suggesting they may be enriched by hypernovae.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/640/A89
- Title:
- 56 Galactic bulge red giants Co and Cu abund.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/640/A89
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Milky Way bulge is an important tracer of the early formation and chemical enrichment of the Galaxy. The abundances of different iron-peak elements in field bulge stars can give information on the nucleosynthesis processes that took place in the earliest supernovae. Cobalt (Z=27) and copper (Z=29) are particularly interesting. We aim to identify the nucleosynthesis processes responsible for the formation of the iron-peak elements Co and Cu. We derived abundances of the iron-peak elements cobalt and copper in 56 bulge giants, 13 of which were red clump stars. High-resolution spectra were obtained using FLAMES-UVES at the ESO Very Large Telescope by our group in 2000-2002, which appears to be the highest quality sample of optical high-resolution data on bulge red giants obtained in the literature to date. Over the years we have derived the abundances of C, N, O, Na, Al, Mg; the iron-group elements Mn and Zn; and neutron-capture elements. In the present work we derive abundances of the iron-peak elements cobalt and copper. We also compute chemodynamical evolution models to interpret the observed behaviour of these elements as a function of iron. The sample stars show mean values of [Co/Fe]~0.0 at all metallicities, and [Cu/Fe]~0.0 for [Fe/H]>=-0.8 and decreasing towards lower metallicities with a behaviour of a secondary element. We conclude that [Co/Fe] varies in lockstep with [Fe/H], which indicates that it should be produced in the alpha-rich freezeout mechanism in massive stars. Instead [Cu/Fe] follows the behaviour of a secondary element towards lower metallicities, indicating its production in the weak s-process nucleosynthesis in He-burning and later stages. The chemodynamical models presented here confirm the behaviour of these two elements (i.e. [Co/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] ~ constant and [Cu/Fe] decreasing with decreasing metallicities).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/438/2839
- Title:
- Galactic Bulge Survey X-ray sources NIR ctp
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/438/2839
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on the near-infrared matches, drawn from three surveys, to the 1640 unique X-ray sources detected by Chandra in the Galactic Bulge Survey (GBS). This survey targets faint X-ray sources in the bulge, with a particular focus on accreting compact objects. We present all viable counterpart candidates and associate a false alarm probability (FAP) to each near-infrared match in order to identify the most likely counterparts. The FAP takes into account a statistical study involving a chance alignment test, as well as considering the positional accuracy of the individual X-ray sources. We find that although the star density in the bulge is very high, ~90 per cent of our sources have an FAP<10 per cent, indicating that for most X-ray sources, viable near-infrared counterparts candidates can be identified. In addition to the FAP, we provide positional and photometric information for candidate counterparts to ~95 per cent of the GBS X-ray sources. This information in combination with optical photometry, spectroscopy and variability constraints will be crucial to characterize and classify secure counterparts.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/534/A91
- Title:
- Galactic Bulge Valinhos Observatory Catalog
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/534/A91
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The definition, construction and realization of a reference system is one of the oldest and most fundamental tasks of astronomy. Currently, the ICRS (International Celestial Reference System), realized by the ICRF (International Celestial Reference Frame) or ICRF2, is the reference system adopted by the IAU. It is based on the very precise VLBI positions of a few hundred compact extragalactic radio sources. Despite its excellent precision, the ICRF is far from providing a reference system that is available for the entire sky and accessible to all observers. The ICRF has to be densified and extended to other wavelengths, mainly to the optical domain where the astronomical activities are more intense. For this reason, the IAU has recommended and encouraged works in this direction over the years. Many of them were developed to give sometimes good positions and proper motions, but they are very limited in magnitude, while others are extremely dense and deep in magnitude but have low accuracy, mainly for the proper motions. Nevertheless, all these contributions are very important because they are complementary. We present a homogeneous and precise optical astrometric catalog that extends the ICRF in the direction of 12 low-extinction windows of the Galactic bulge and provides at the same time a useful database for kinematic studies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/585/A141
- Title:
- Galactic center early-type stars catalog
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/585/A141
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It is still unclear whether the Sagittarius spiral arm is a major spiral arm in the Galaxy or whether it just outlines a region of enhanced star formation because of the local compression of gas. The best way to separate these scenarios out is to study the kinematics across the arm to determine the velocity perturbation it induces. A survey of early-type stars in the direction of the Galactic center is performed covering an area of 100 sq. deg with the aim of identifying candidates for a radial velocity study. Objective prism plates were obtained with the 4{deg} prism on the ESO Schmidt telescope using IIaO, 4415, and IIIaJ emulsions. The plates were digitized and more than 100k spectra were extracted down to a limiting magnitude of B=15m. The spectra were cross-correlated with a template with Balmer lines, which yielded a candidate list of 12675 early-type stars. Magnitudes and equivalent widths of strong lines were calculated from the spectra, which allowed us to estimate the individual extinctions and distances for 11075 stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/609/A26
- Title:
- Galactic Center old stars distribution
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/609/A26
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The existence of dynamically relaxed stellar density cusp in dense clusters around massive black holes is a long-standing prediction of stellar dynamics, but it has so far escaped unambiguous observational confirmation. In this paper we revisit the problem of inferring the innermost structure of the Milky Way's nuclear star cluster via star counts, to clarify whether it displays a core or a cusp around the central black hole. We use judiciously selected adaptive optics assisted high angular resolution images obtained with the NACO instrument at the ESO VLT. Through image stacking and improved PSF fitting we push the completeness limit about one magnitude deeper than in previous, comparable work. Crowding and extinction corrections are derived and applied to the surface density estimates. Known young, and therefore dynamically not relaxed stars, are excluded from the analysis. Contrary to previous work, we analyse the stellar density in well-defined magnitude ranges in order to be able to constrain stellar masses and ages. We conclude that the observed density of the faintest stars detectable with reasonable completeness at the Galactic Centre, is consistent with the existence of a stellar cusp around the Milky Way's central black hole, Sagittarius A*.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/181/110
- Title:
- Galactic center X-ray sources
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/181/110
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of 9017 X-ray sources identified in Chandra observations of a 2{deg}x0.8{deg} field around the Galactic center. This enlarges the number of known X-ray sources in the region by a factor of 2.5. The catalog incorporates all of the ACIS-I observations as of 2007 August, which total 2.25Ms of exposure. At the distance to the Galactic center (8kpc), we are sensitive to sources with luminosities of 4x10^32^erg/s (0.5-8.0keV; 90% confidence) over an area of 1deg^2^, and up to an order of magnitude more sensitive in the deepest exposure (1.0Ms) around Sgr A*. The positions of 60% of our sources are accurate to <1" (95% confidence), and 20% have positions accurate to <0.5". We search for variable sources, and find that 3% exhibit flux variations within an observation, and 10% exhibit variations from observation-to-observation. We also find one source, CXOUGC J174622.7-285218, with a periodic 1745s signal (1.4% chance probability), which is probably a magnetically accreting cataclysmic variable. We compare the spatial distribution of X-ray sources to a model for the stellar distribution, and find 2.8{sigma} evidence for excesses in the numbers of X-ray sources in the region of recent star formation encompassed by the Arches, Quintuplet, and Galactic center star clusters. These excess sources are also seen in the luminosity distribution of the X-ray sources, which is flatter near the Arches and Quintuplet than elsewhere in the field. These excess point sources, along with a similar longitudinal asymmetry in the distribution of diffuse iron emission that has been reported by other authors, probably have their origin in the young stars that are prominent at l~0.1{deg}.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/623/A116
- Title:
- Galactic Cepheids and RR Lyrae multiplicity. I.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/623/A116
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Classical Cepheids (CCs) and RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are important classes of variable stars used as standard candles to estimate galactic and extragalactic distances. Their multiplicity is imperfectly known, particularly for RRLs. Astoundingly, only one RRL is convincingly demonstrated to be a binary as of today, TU UMa, out of tens of thousands of known RRLs. We aim at detecting the binary and multiple stars present in a sample of Milky Way CCs and RRLs. In the present article, we combine the Hipparcos and Gaia DR2 positions to determine the mean proper motion of the targets, and we search for proper motion anomalies (PMa) caused by close-in orbiting companions. We identify 57 CC binaries from PMa out of 254 tested stars, and 75 additional candidates, confirming the high binary fraction of these massive stars. For 28 binary CCs, we determine the companion mass by combining their spectroscopic orbital parameters and astrometric PMa. We detect 13 RRLs showing a significant PMa out of 198 tested stars, and 61 additional candidates. We determine that the binarity fraction of CCs is likely above 80%, while that of RRLs is at least 7%. The newly detected systems will be useful to improve our understanding of their evolutionary states. The discovery of a significant number of RRLs in binary systems also resolves the long-standing mystery of their extremely low apparent binarity fraction.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/584/A93
- Title:
- Galactic cold cores. V. Dust opacity
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/584/A93
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The project Galactic Cold Cores has carried out Herschel photometric observations of interstellar clouds where Planck satellite survey has located cold and compact clumps. The sources represent different stages of cloud evolution from starless clumps to protostellar cores and are located in different Galactic environments. We examine this sample of 116 Herschel fields to estimate the submillimetre dust opacity and to look for variations that could be attributed to the evolutionary stage of the sources or to environmental factors, including the location within the Galaxy. The submillimetre dust opacity is derived from Herschel data and near-infrared observations of the reddening of background stars are converted to near-infrared optical depth. We investigate the systematic errors affecting these parameters and use modelling to make corrections for the expected biases. The ratio of 250{mu}m and J band opacities is correlated with the Galactic location and the star formation activity. Local variations in the ratio {tau}(250{mu}m)/{tau}(J) are searched using the correlation plots and maps of the opacity ratio. We find a median ratio of {tau}(250{mu}m)/{mu}(J)=(1.6+/-0.2)*10^-3^, which is more than three times the mean value reported for the diffuse medium. Assuming an opacity spectral index {beta}=1.8 instead of {beta}=2.0, the value would be smaller by ~30%. No significant systematic variation is detected with Galactocentric distance or with Galactic height. Examination of the {tau}(250{mu}m)/{tau}(J) maps reveals half a dozen fields with clear indications of local increase of submillimetre opacity, up to {tau}(250{mu}m)/{tau}(J)~4*10^-3^, towards the densest clumps. These are all nearby fields with spatially resolved clumps of high column density. We interpret the increase in the far-infrared opacity as a sign of grain growth in the densest and coldest regions of interstellar clouds.
