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Start Over Subject novae Validation Level 2
1. All quiescent magnitudes for CI Aql and U Sco
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/742/112
Title:
All quiescent magnitudes for CI Aql and U Sco
Short Name:
J/ApJ/742/112
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
I report on the cumulative results from a program started 24 years ago designed to measure the orbital period change of recurrent novae (RNe) across an eruption. The goal is to use the orbital period change to measure the mass ejected during each eruption as the key part of trying to measure whether the RNe white dwarfs are gaining or losing mass over an entire eruption cycle, and hence whether they can be progenitors for Type Ia supernovae. This program has now been completed for two eclipsing RNe: CI Aquilae (CI Aql) across its eruption in 2000 and U Scorpii (U Sco) across its eruption in 1999. For CI Aql, I present 78 eclipse times from 1991 to 2009 (including four during the tail of the 2000 eruption) plus two eclipses from 1926 and 1935. For U Sco, I present 67 eclipse times, including 46 times during quiescence from 1989 to 2009, plus 21 eclipse times in the tails of the 1945, 1999, and 2010 eruptions. The eclipse times during the tails of eruptions are systematically and substantially shifted with respect to the ephemerides from the eclipses in quiescence, with this being caused by shifts of the center of light during the eruption. These eclipse times are plotted on an O-C diagram and fitted to models with a steady period change (dP/dt) between eruptions (caused by, for example, conservative mass transfer) plus an abrupt period change ({Delta}P) at the time of eruption. The primary uncertainty arises from the correlation between {Delta}P with dP/dt, such that a more negative dP/dt makes for a more positive {Delta}P. For CI Aql, the best fit is {Delta}P=-3.7^+9.2^_-7.3_x10^-7^. For U Sco, the best fit is {Delta}P=(+43+/-69)x10^-7^ days. These period changes can directly give a dynamical measure of the mass ejected (M_ejecta_) during each eruption with negligible sensitivity to the stellar masses and no uncertainty from distances. For CI Aql, the 1{sigma} upper limit is M_ejecta_<10x10^-7^ M_{sun}_. For U Sco, I derive M_ejecta_=(43+/-67)x10^-7^ M_{sun}_.
2. ANDICAM BVRIJHK light curve of Nova V906 Car
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/899/162
Title:
ANDICAM BVRIJHK light curve of Nova V906 Car
Short Name:
J/ApJ/899/162
Date:
14 Mar 2022 07:11:01
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present optical and infrared photometry of the classical nova V906 Car, also known as Nova Car 2018 and ASASSN-18fv, which was discovered by the All-Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) on 2018 March 16.32 UT (MJD 58193.0). The nova reached its maximum on MJD 58222.56 at Vmax=5.84{+/-}0.09mag, and had decline times of t_2,V_=26.2days and t_3,V_=33.0days. The data from Evryscope shows that the nova had already brightened to g'~13mag five days before discovery, as compared with its quiescent magnitude of g=20.13{+/-}0.03. The extinction toward the nova, as derived from high-resolution spectroscopy, shows an estimate consistent with foreground extinction to the Carina Nebula of A_V_=1.11_-0.39_^+0.54^. The light curve resembles a rare C (cusp) class nova with a steep decline slope of {alpha}=-3.94 post-cusp flare. From the light-curve decline rate, we estimate the mass of the white dwarf to be MWD=<0.8M{sun}, consistent with M_WD_=0.71_-0.19_^+0.23^ derived from modeling the accretion disk of the system in quiescence. The donor star is likely a K-M dwarf of 0.23-0.43M_{odot}, which is heated by its companion.
3. APEX and IRAM spectra of CK Vul (Nova 1670)
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/607/A78
Title:
APEX and IRAM spectra of CK Vul (Nova 1670)
Short Name:
J/A+A/607/A78
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
CK Vulpeculae (CK Vul) is an enigmatic star whose outburst was observed in 1670-72. A stellar-merger event was proposed to explain its ancient eruption. We aim to investigate the composition of the molecular gas recently discovered in the remnant of CK Vul. Deriving the chemical, elemental, and isotopic composition is crucial for identifying the nature of the object and obtaining clues on its progenitor(s). We observed millimeter and submillimeter-wave spectra of CK Vul using the IRAM 30m and APEX telescopes. Radiative-transfer modeling of the observed molecular features was performed to yield isotopic ratios for various elements. The spectra of CK Vul reveal a very rich molecular environment of low excitation (T_ex_~<12K). Atomic carbon and twenty seven different molecules, including two ions, were identified. They range from simple diatomic to complex polyatomic species of up to seven atoms large. The chemical composition of the molecular gas is indicative of carbon and nitrogen-driven chemistry but oxides are also present. Additionally, the abundance of F may be enhanced. The spectra are rich in isotopologues that are very rare in most known sources. All stable isotopes of C, N, O, Si, and S are observed and their isotopic ratios are derived. The composition of the remnant's molecular gas is most peculiar and gives rise to a very unique millimeter and submillimeter spectrum. The observation of ions and complex molecules suggests the presence of a photoionizing source but its nature (a central star or shocks) remains unknown. The elemental and isotopic composition of the gas cannot be easily reconciled with standard nucleosynthesis but processing in hot CNO cycles and partial He burning can explain most of the chemical peculiarities. The isotopic ratios of CK Vul are remarkably close to those of presolar nova grains but the link of Nova 1670 to objects responsible for these grains is unclear.
4. AT 2018bwo light curves
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/653/A134
Title:
AT 2018bwo light curves
Short Name:
J/A+A/653/A134
Date:
22 Feb 2022
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Luminous red novae (LRNe) are astrophysical transients associated with the partial ejection of a binary system's common envelope (CE) shortly before its merger. Here we present the results of our photometric and spectroscopic follow-up campaign of AT 2018bwo (DLT 18x), a LRN discovered in NGC 45, and investigate its progenitor system using binary stellar-evolution models. The transient reached a peak magnitude of M_r_=-10.97+/-0.11 and maintained this brightness during its optical plateau of t_p_=41+/-5d ays. During this phase, it showed a rather stable photospheric temperature of ~3300K and a luminosity of ~10^40^erg/s. Although the luminosity and duration of AT 2018bwo is comparable to the LRNe V838 Mon and M31-2015LRN, its photosphere at early times appears larger and cooler, likely due to an extended mass-loss episode before the merger. Toward the end of the plateau, optical spectra showed a reddened continuum with strong molecular absorption bands. The IR spectrum at +103 days after discovery was comparable to that of an M8.5 II type star, analogous to an extended AGB star. The reprocessed emission by the cooling dust was also detected in the mid-infrared bands ~1.5 years after the outburst. Archival Spitzer and Hubble Space Telescope data taken 10-14yrs before the transient event suggest a progenitor star with T_prog_~6500K, R_prog_~100R_{sun}_, and L_prog_=2x10^4^L_{sun}_, and an upper limit for optically thin warm (1000K) dust mass of M_d_<10^-6^M_{sun}_. Using stellar binary-evolution models, we determined the properties of binary systems consistent with the progenitor parameter space. For AT 2018bwo, we infer a primary mass of 12-16M_{sun}_, which is 9-45% larger than the ~11M_{sun}_ obtained using single-star evolution models. The system, consistent with a yellow-supergiant primary, was likely in a stable mass-transfer regime with -2.4 <= log (M_dot/Msun /yr) <= -1.2 a decade before the main instability occurred. During the dynamical merger, the system would have ejected 0.15-0.5M_{sun}_ with a velocity of ~500km/s.
5. A VLA survey of magnetic CVs. I. The data
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/154/252
Title:
A VLA survey of magnetic CVs. I. The data
Short Name:
J/AJ/154/252
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The Jansky Very Large Array was used to observe 121 magnetic cataclysmic variables (MCVs). We report radio detections of 18 stars. Thirteen are new radio sources, increasing the number of MCVs that are radio sources by more than twofold, from 8 to 21. Most detections are at 8.7 GHz (X-band) with a lesser number at 5.4 and 21.1 GHz (C- and K-bands). With the exception of AE Aqr, whose flux density is typically >5 mJy, the flux densities are in the range of 24-780 {mu}Jy. Thirteen of the detections show highly circularly polarized emission, which is characteristic of electron-cyclotron maser emission. The data suggest that MCVs could possibly be divided into two classes of radio emitters: those dominated by weakly polarized gyrosynchrotron emission and those by highly polarized electron-cyclotron maser emission.
6. Blobs in AT Cnc
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/465/739
Title:
Blobs in AT Cnc
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/465/739
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The Z Cam-type dwarf nova AT Cancri (AT Cnc) displays a classical nova (CN) shell, demonstrating that mass transfer in cataclysmic binaries decreases substantially after a CN eruption. The hibernation scenario of cataclysmic binaries predicts such a decrease, on a time-scale of a few centuries. In order to measure the time since AT Cnc's last CN eruption, we have measured the radial velocities of a hundred clumps in its ejecta with SITELLE, Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope's recently commissioned imaging Fourier transform spectrometer. These range from -455 to +490km/s. Coupled with the known distance to AT Cnc of 460pc, the size of AT Cnc's shell, and a simple model of nova ejecta deceleration, we determine that the last CN eruption of this system occurred 330^+135^_-90_yr ago. This is the most rapid transition from a high mass-transfer rate, nova-like variable to a low mass-transfer rate, dwarf nova yet measured, and in accord with the hibernation scenario of cataclysmic binaries. We conclude by noting the similarity in the deduced outburst date (within a century of 1686 CE) of AT Cnc to a 'guest star' reported in the constellation Cancer by Korean observers in 1645 CE.
7. Broadband polarimetry of novae in outburst
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/384/504
Title:
Broadband polarimetry of novae in outburst
Short Name:
J/A+A/384/504
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present broadband optical polarimetry of the classical novae V705 Cas, V4362 Sgr, V2313 Oph and BY Cir in outburst. The data indicate that, in all cases, there is an intrinsic component of polarization and in some cases the variability is very rapid, on a time-scale ~1day. In the case of V705 Cas, we suggest that the origin of the intrinsic component may lie in the clumpiness and/or inhomogeneities of the ejecta, while electron scattering is the most likely cause in V2313 Oph. The wavelength-dependence of polarization in the case of V4362 Sgr suggests scattering by small dust grains, while polarization in resonance lines is the most probable cause of the observed polarization in BY Cir.
8. 1898-2013 BV and visual photometry for V603 Aql
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/780/L25
Title:
1898-2013 BV and visual photometry for V603 Aql
Short Name:
J/ApJ/780/L25
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present the light curve of the old nova V603 Aql (Nova Aql 1918) from 1898-1918 and 1934-2013 using 22721 archival magnitudes. All of our magnitudes are either in, or accurately transformed into, the Johnson B and V magnitude systems. This is vital because offsets in old sequences and the visual-to-V transformation can cause errors of 0.1-1.0mag if not corrected. Our V603 Aql light curve is the first time that this has been done for any nova. Our goal was to see the evolution of the mass accretion rate on a century timescale, and to test the long-standing prediction of the Hibernation model that old novae should be fading significantly in the century after their eruption is over. The 1918 nova eruption was completely finished by 1938 when the nova decline stopped, and when the star had faded to fainter than its pre-nova brightness of B=11.43+/-0.03mag. We find that the nova light from 1938 to 2013 was significantly fading, with this being seen consistently in three independent data sets (the Sonneberg plates in B, the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) V light curve, and the non-AAVSO V light curve). We find that V603 Aql has been declining in brightness at an average rate of 0.44+/-0.04mag per century since 1938. This work provides remarkable confirmation of an important prediction of the Hibernation model.
9. BVRcIcJHK and X-ray LCs of the U Sco nova
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/811/32
Title:
BVRcIcJHK and X-ray LCs of the U Sco nova
Short Name:
J/ApJ/811/32
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The recurrent nova U Scorpii most recently erupted in 2010. Our collaboration observed the eruption in bands ranging from the Swift XRT and UVOT w2 (193nm) to K-band (2200nm), with a few serendipitous observations stretching down to WISE W2 (4600nm). Considering the time and wavelength coverage, this is the most comprehensively observed nova eruption to date. We present here the resulting multi-wavelength light curve covering the two months of the eruption as well as a few months into quiescence. For the first time, a U Sco eruption has been followed all the way back to quiescence, leading to the discovery of new features in the light curve, including a second, as-yet-unexplained, plateau in the optical and near-infrared. Using this light curve we show that U Sco nearly fits the broken power law decline predicted by Hachisu & Kato (2006ApJS..167...59H), with decline indices of -1.71+/-0.02 and -3.36+/-0.14. With our unprecedented multi-wavelength coverage, we construct daily spectral energy distributions and then calculate the total radiated energy of the eruption, E_rad_=6.99^+0.83^_-0.57_x10^44^erg. From that, we estimate the total amount of mass ejected by the eruption to be m_ej_=2.10^+0.24^_-0.17_x10^-6^M_{sun}_. We compare this to the total amount of mass accreted by U Sco before the eruption, to determine whether the white dwarf undergoes a net mass loss or gain, but find that the values for the amount of mass accreted are not precise enough to make a useful comparison.
10. BVRcIC photometry of V2615 Oph
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/387/344
Title:
BVRcIC photometry of V2615 Oph
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/387/344
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The moderately fast Nova Oph 2007 reached maximum brightness on 2007 March 28 at V=8.52, B-V=+1.12, V-Rc=+0.76, V-Ic=+1.59 and Rc-Ic=+0.83 , after fast initial rise and a pre-maximum halt lasting a week. Decline times were t^V^_2_=26.5, t^B^_2_=30, t^V^_3_=48.5 and t^B^_3_=56.5d. The distance to the nova is d=3.7+/-0.2kpc , the height above the Galactic plane is z=215pc, the reddening is E(B-V)=0.90 and the absolute magnitude at maximum is M^max^_V_=-7.2 and M^max^_B_=-7.0. The spectrum four days before maximum resembled a F6 supergiant, in an agreement with broad-band colours. It later developed into that of a standard 'FeII'-class nova. Nine days past maximum, the expansion velocity estiIIted from the width of H{alpha} emission component was ~730km/s, and the displacement from it of the principal and diffuse-enhanced absorption systems was ~650 and 1380km/s, respectively. Dust probably formed and disappeared during the period from 82 to 100d past maximum, causing (at peak dust concentration) an extinction of {Delta}B=1.8mag and an extra {Delta}E(B-V)=0.44 reddening.

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