- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/696/1278
- Title:
- The extended star-forming environment of M17
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/696/1278
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- M17 is one of the youngest and most massive nearby star-formation regions in the Galaxy. It features a bright HII region erupting as a blister from the side of a giant molecular cloud (GMC). Combining photometry from the Spitzer Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) with complementary infrared (IR) surveys, we identify candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) throughout a 1.5x1{deg} field that includes the M17 complex. The long sightline through the Galaxy behind M17 creates significant contamination in our YSO sample from unassociated sources with similar IR colors. Removing contaminants, we produce a highly reliable catalog of 96 candidate YSOs with a high probability of association with the M17 complex. We fit model spectral energy distributions to these sources and constrain their physical properties. Extrapolating the mass function of 62 intermediate-mass YSOs (M_*_>3M_{sun}_), we estimate that >1000 stars are in the process of forming in the extended outer regions of M17. The remaining 34 candidate YSOs are found in a 0.17deg^2^ field containing the well-studied M17 HII region and photodissociation region (PDR), where bright diffuse mid-IR emission drastically reduces the sensitivity of the GLIMPSE point-source detections.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/449/741
- Title:
- The massive star population of Cygnus OB2
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/449/741
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have compiled a significantly updated and comprehensive census of massive stars in the nearby Cygnus OB2 association by gathering and homogenising data from across the literature. The census contains 169 primary OB stars, including 52 O-type stars and 3 Wolf-Rayet stars. Spectral types and photometry are used to place the stars in a Hertzprung-Russell diagram, which is compared to both non-rotating and rotating stellar evolution models, from which stellar masses and ages are calculated. The star formation history and mass function of the association are assessed, and both are found to be heavily influenced by the evolution of the most massive stars to their end states. We find that the mass function of the most massive stars is consistent with a "universal" power-law slope of {Gamma}=1.3. The age distribution inferred from stellar evolutionary models with rotation and the mass function suggest the majority of star formation occurred more or less continuously between 1 and 7Myr ago, in agreement with studies of low- and intermediate mass stars in the association. We identify a nearby young pulsar and runaway O-type star that may have originated in Cyg OB2 and suggest that the association has already seen its first supernova. Finally we use the census and mass function to calculate the total mass of the association of 16500^+3800^_-2800_M_{sun}, at the low end, but consistent with, previous estimates of the total mass of Cyg OB2. Despite this Cyg OB2 is still one of the most massive groups of young stars known in our Galaxy making it a prime target for studies of star formation on the largest scales.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/648/A65
- Title:
- The sHRD of OB stars in NGC 2070
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/648/A65
- Date:
- 06 Dec 2021 13:26:57
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the spectroscopic analysis of 333 OB-type stars extracted from VLT-MUSE observations of the central 30x30pc of NGC 2070 in the Tarantula Nebula on the Large Magellanic Cloud, the majority of which are analysed for the first time. The distribution of stars in the spectroscopic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (sHRD) shows 281 stars in the main sequence. We find two groups in the main sequence, with estimated ages of 2.1+/-0.8 and 6.2+/-2Myr. A subgroup of 52 stars is apparently beyond the main sequence phase, which we consider to be due to emission-type objects and/or significant nebular contamination affecting the analysis. As in previous studies, stellar masses derived from the sHRD are systematically larger than those obtained from the conventional HRD, with the differences being largest for the most massive stars. Additionally, we do not find any trend between the estimated projected rotational velocity and evolution in the sHRD. The projected rotational velocity distribution presents a tail of fast rotators that resembles findings in the wider population of 30 Doradus. We use published spectral types to calibrate the HeI{lambda}4921/HeII{lambda}5411 equivalent-width ratio as a classification diagnostic for early-type main sequence stars when the classical blue-visible region is not observed. Our model-atmosphere analyses demonstrate that the resulting calibration is well correlated with effective temperature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/457/265
- Title:
- The VLT-FLAMES Survey of Massive Stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/457/265
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- An analysis is presented of VLT-FLAMES spectroscopy for three Galactic clusters, NGC 3293, NGC 4755 and NGC 6611. Non-LTE model atmosphere calculations have been used to estimate effective temperatures (from either the helium spectrum or the silicon ionization equilibrium) and gravities (from the hydrogen spectrum). Projected rotational velocities have been deduced from the helium spectrum (for fast and moderate rotators) or the metal line spectrum (for slow rotators). The origin of the low gravity estimates for apparently near main sequence objects is discussed and is related to the stellar rotational velocity. The atmospheric parameters have been used to estimate cluster distances (which are generally in good agreement with previous determinations) and these have been used to estimate stellar luminosities and evolutionary masses. The observed Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams are compared with theoretical predictions and some discrepancies including differences in the main sequence luminosities are discussed. Cluster ages have been deduced and evidence for non-coeval star formation is found for all three of the clusters. Projected rotational velocities for targets in the older clusters, NGC 3293 and NGC 4755, have been found to be systematically larger than those for the field, confirming recent results in other similar age clusters. The distribution of projected rotational velocities are consistent with a Gaussian distribution of intrinsic rotational velocities. For the relatively unevolved targets in the older clusters, NGC 3293 and NGC 4755, the peak of the velocity distribution would be 250km/s with a full-width-half-maximum of approximately 180km/s. For NGC 6611, the sample size is relatively small but implies a lower mean rotational velocity. This may be evidence for the spin-down effect due to angular momentum loss through stellar winds, although our results are consistent with those found for very young high mass stars. For all three clusters we deduce present day mass functions with Gamma-values in the range of -1.5 to -1.8, which are similar to other young stellar clusters in the Milky Way.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/I/249
- Title:
- Tokyo meridian circle catalog of O-B stars
- Short Name:
- I/249
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A catalog of the O-B stars, selected from "Blaauw-Parenago" list (1955, First IAU Symposium, "Co-ordination of galactic research") and Rubin's catalog (1962AJ.....67..491R, Cat. <V/31>), has been compiled on the FK4 system by the observations made with Gautier 8-inch Meridian Circle at the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory during the period, 1971 to 1979. It contains 1059 stars and was compiled for the future establishment of high precision proper motions of O-B stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/36
- Title:
- UBV and uvby-beta observations of Orion OB1 Association
- Short Name:
- II/36
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Catalogue of Individual UBV and uvby-beta Observations of Stars in the Region of the Orion OB 1 Association presents individual UBV observations of 106 stars in the vicinity of the Orion Nebula (the Sword region) and individual uvby-beta observations of 508 stars in all regions of the Orion OB 1 association. For the UBV data the stars are identified by their Brun (1935) numbers, with cross identifications to the chart numbers used in Warren and Hesser (1977); the uvby-beta stars are identified by the aforementioned chart numbers and HD, BD or P (Parenago 1954) numbers in that order of preference. The catalogue contains the data of all observations and is intended to provide data for investigations of variability in the Orion region. See <http://obswww.unige.ch/gcpd/ph01.html> for a full description of the UBV system, and <http://obswww.unige.ch/gcpd/ph04.html> for a description of uvby-beta system.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/121/891
- Title:
- UBV photometry of LMC OB associations
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/121/891
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using ultraviolet photometry from the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) combined with photometry and spectroscopy from three ground-based optical data sets we have analyzed the stellar content of OB associations and field areas in and around the regions N79, N81, N83, and N94 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. In particular, we compare data for the OB association Lucke-Hodge 2 (LH 2) to determine how strongly the initial mass function (IMF) may depend on different photometric reductions and calibrations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/20A
- Title:
- UBV Photometry of O and B Stars in Vela
- Short Name:
- II/20A
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Photoelectric UBV values, derived from observations made at the Boyden and ESO observatories, are presented for 358 early-type stars in the Vela section of the southern Milky Way. Remarks, accurate positions and notes have been added in July 2016 at CDS (Francois Ochsenbein)
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/128/309
- Title:
- ubvy-beta photometry of CarOB1 and CarOB2 stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/128/309
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Stromgren and H{beta} photometry of 130 stars in the Carina section of the Milky Way is presented. The color excesses and the distances of all stars are obtained. A good agreement is found between the CM and HR diagrams and the spatial distribution of these stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/639/A81
- Title:
- Variability of OB stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/639/A81
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The lack of high-precision long-term continuous photometric data for large samples of stars has impeded the large-scale exploration of pulsational variability in the OB star regime. As a result, the candidates for in-depth asteroseismic modelling have remained limited to a few dozen dwarfs. The TESS nominal space mission has surveyed the southern sky, including parts of the galactic plane, yielding continuous data across at least 27d for hundreds of OB stars. We aim to couple TESS data in the southern sky with ground-based spectroscopy to study the variability in two dimensions, mass and evolution. We focus mainly on the presence of coherent pulsation modes that may or may not be present in the predicted theoretical instability domains and unravel all frequency behaviour in the amplitude spectra of the TESS data. We compose a sample of 98 OB-type stars observed by TESS in Sectors 1-13 and with available multi-epoch, high-resolution spectroscopy gathered by the IACOB and OWN surveys. We present the short-cadence 2 min light curves of dozens of OB-type stars, which have one or more spectra in the IACOB or OWN database. Based on these light curves and their Lomb-Scargle periodograms, we performed variability classification and frequency analysis. We placed the stars in the spectroscopic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram to interpret the variability in an evolutionary context. We deduce the diverse origins of the mmag-level variability found in all of the 98 OB stars in the TESS data. We find among the sample several new variable stars, including three hybrid pulsators, three eclipsing binaries, high frequency modes in a Be star, and potential heat-driven pulsations in two Oe stars. We identify stars for which future asteroseismic modelling is possible, provided mode identification is achieved. By comparing the position of the variables to theoretical instability strips, we discuss the current shortcomings in non-adiabatic pulsation theory and the distribution of pulsators in the upper Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
