- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/865/56
- Title:
- Emission line & R-band continuum LCs of 17 QSOs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/865/56
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present reverberation mapping (RM) results for 17 high-redshift, high-luminosity quasars with good-quality R-band and emission-line light curves. We are able to measure statistically significant lags for Ly{alpha} (11 objects), Si IV (5 objects), C IV (11 objects), and C III] (2 objects). Using our results and previous lag determinations taken from the literature, we present an updated C IV radius-luminosity relation and provide for the first time radius-luminosity relations for Ly{alpha}, Si IV, and C III]. While in all cases the slopes of the correlations are statistically significant, the zero points are poorly constrained because of the lack of data at the low- luminosity end. We find that the emissivity-weighted distances from the central source of the Ly{alpha}, Si IV, and C III] line-emitting regions are all similar, which corresponds to about half that of the H{beta} region. We also find that 3/17 of our sources show an unexpected behavior in some emission lines, two in the Ly{alpha} light curve and one in the Si IV light curve, in that they do not seem to follow the variability of the UV continuum. Finally, we compute RM black hole (BH) masses for those quasars with highly significant lag measurements and compare them with C IV single-epoch (SE) mass determinations. We find that the RM-based BH mass determinations seem smaller than those found using SE calibrations.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASJ/60/739
- Title:
- Emission-line stars in the W5E HII region
- Short Name:
- J/PASJ/60/739
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have made a new survey of emission-line stars in the W5 E HII region to investigate the population of PMS stars near the OB stars by using the Wide Field Grism Spectrograph 2 (WFGS2). A total of 139 Halpha emission stars were detected and their g'i'-photometry was performed. Their spatial distribution shows three aggregates, i.e., two aggregates near the bright-rimmed clouds at the edge of the W5 E HII region (BRC 13 and BRC 14) and one near the exciting O7V star. The age and mass of each Halpha star were estimated from an extinction-corrected color-magnitude diagram and theoretical evolutionary tracks. We found, for the first time in this region, that the young stars near the exciting star are systematically older (4Myr) than those near the edge of the HII region (1Myr). This result supports that the formation of stars proceeds sequentially from the center of HII region to the eastern bright rim. We further suggest a possibility that the birth of low-mass stars near the exciting star of the HII region precedes the production of massive OB stars in the pre-existing molecular cloud.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/469/1186
- Title:
- Emission-line strengths for 129 galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/469/1186
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We propose a method to substantially increase the flexibility and power of template fitting-based photometric redshifts by transforming a large number of galaxy spectral templates into a corresponding collection of 'fuzzy archetypes' using a suitable set of perturbative priors designed to account for empirical variation in dust attenuation and emission-line strengths. To bypass widely separated degeneracies in parameter space (e.g. the redshift-reddening degeneracy), we train self-organizing maps (SOMs) on large 'model catalogues' generated from Monte Carlo sampling of our fuzzy archetypes to cluster the predicted observables in a topologically smooth fashion. Subsequent sampling over the SOM then allows full reconstruction of the relevant probability distribution functions (PDFs). This combined approach enables the multimodal exploration of known variation among galaxy spectral energy distributions with minimal modelling assumptions. We demonstrate the power of this approach to recover full redshift PDFs using discrete Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling methods combined with SOMs constructed from Large Synoptic Survey Telescope ugrizY and Euclid YJH mock photometry.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/804/64
- Title:
- Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/804/64
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Precise and accurate parameters for late-type (late K and M) dwarf stars are important for characterization of any orbiting planets, but such determinations have been hampered by these stars' complex spectra and dissimilarity to the Sun. We exploit an empirically calibrated method to estimate spectroscopic effective temperature (T_eff_) and the Stefan-Boltzmann law to determine radii of 183 nearby K7-M7 single stars with a precision of 2%-5%. Our improved stellar parameters enable us to develop model-independent relations between T_eff_ or absolute magnitude and radius, as well as between color and T_eff_. The derived T_eff_-radius relation depends strongly on [Fe/H], as predicted by theory. The relation between absolute K_S_magnitude and radius can predict radii accurate to ~=3%. We derive bolometric corrections to the VR_C_I_C_grizJHK_S_ and Gaia passbands as a function of color, accurate to 1%-3%. We confront the reliability of predictions from Dartmouth stellar evolution models using a Markov chain Monte Carlo to find the values of unobservable model parameters (mass, age) that best reproduce the observed effective temperature and bolometric flux while satisfying constraints on distance and metallicity as Bayesian priors. With the inferred masses we derive a semi-empirical mass-absolute magnitude relation with a scatter of 2% in mass. The best-agreement models overpredict stellar T_eff_ values by an average of 2.2% and underpredict stellar radii by 4.6%, similar to differences with values from low-mass eclipsing binaries. These differences are not correlated with metallicity, mass, or indicators of activity, suggesting issues with the underlying model assumptions, e.g., opacities or convective mixing length.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/371/579
- Title:
- Empirical relations for cluster RR Lyrae
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/371/579
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Our former study on the empirical relations between the Fourier parameters of the light curves of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars and their basic stellar parameters has been extended to considerably larger data sets. The most significant contribution to the absolute magnitude M_V_ comes from the period P and from the first Fourier amplitude A_1_, but there are statistically significant contributions also from additional higher order components, most importantly from A_3_ and in a lesser degree from the Fourier phase phi_51_. When different colors are combined in reddening-free quantities, we obtain basically period-luminosity-color relations. From the standard deviations of the various regressions, an upper limit can be obtained on the overall inhomogeneity of the reddening in the individual clusters. This yields {sigma}_E(B-V)_<0.012mag, which also implies an average minimum observational error of {sigma}_V_>0.018mag.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/590/A50
- Title:
- eMSTOs in low mass clusters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/590/A50
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an imaging analysis of four low mass stellar clusters (<~5000M_{sun}_) in the outer regions of the LMC in order to shed light on the extended main sequence turn-off (eMSTO) phenomenon observed in high mass clusters. The four clusters have ages between 1-2Gyr and two of them appear to host eMTSOs. The discovery of eMSTOs in such low mass clusters - more than 5 times less massive than the eMSTO clusters previously studied - suggests that mass is not the controlling factor in whether clusters host eMSTOs. Additionally, the narrow extent of the eMSTO in the two older clusters (~2Gyr) is in agreement with predictions of the stellar rotation scenario, as lower mass stars are expected to be magnetically braked, meaning that their colour magnitude diagrams should be better reproduced by canonical simple stellar populations. We also performed a structural analysis on all the clusters and found that a large core radius is not a requisite for a cluster to exhibit an eMSTO.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/874/32
- Title:
- Environment and hosts of Type Ia supernovae
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/874/32
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The reliability of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) may be limited by the imprint of their galactic origins. To investigate the connection between supernovae and their host characteristics, we developed an improved method to estimate the stellar population age of the host as well as the local environment around the site of the supernova. We use a Bayesian method to estimate the star formation history and mass weighted age of a supernova's environment by matching observed spectral energy distributions to a synthesized stellar population. Applying this age estimator to both the photometrically and spectroscopically classified Sloan Digital Sky Survey II supernovae (N=103), we find a 0.114+/-0.039mag "step" in the average Hubble residual at a stellar age of ~8Gyr; it is nearly twice the size of the currently popular mass step. We then apply a principal component analysis on the SALT2 parameters, host stellar mass, and local environment age. We find that a new parameter, PC1, consisting of a linear combination of stretch, host stellar mass, and local age, shows a very significant (4.7{sigma}) correlation with Hubble residuals. There is a much broader range of PC1 values found in the Hubble flow sample when compared with the Cepheid calibration galaxies. These samples have mildly statistically different average PC1 values, at ~2.5{sigma}, resulting in at most a 1.3% reduction in the evaluation of H0. Despite accounting for the highly significant trend in SN Ia Hubble residuals, there remains a 9% discrepancy between the most recent precision estimates of H0 using SN Ia and the CMB.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/135/1311
- Title:
- Environments of moderate redshift radio galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/135/1311
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In the local universe, high-power radio galaxies live in lower-density environments than low-luminosity radio galaxies. If this trend continued to higher redshifts, powerful radio galaxies would serve as efficient probes of moderate redshift groups and poor clusters. Photometric studies of radio galaxies at 0.3<~z<~0.5 suggest that the radio luminosity-environment correlation disappears at moderate redshifts, though this could be the result of foreground/background contamination affecting the photometric measures of environment. We have obtained multi-object spectroscopy in the fields of 14 lower luminosity (L_1.4GHz_<4x10^24^W/Hz) and higher luminosity (L_1.4GHz_>1.2x10^25^W/Hz) radio galaxies at z~0.3 to spectroscopically investigate the link between the environment and the radio luminosity of radio galaxies at moderate redshifts. Our results support the photometric analyses; there does not appear to be a correlation between the luminosity of a radio galaxy and its environment at moderate redshifts. Hence, radio galaxies are not efficient signposts for group environments at moderate redshifts.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/628/A64
- Title:
- EPIC 212036875b griz light curves
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/628/A64
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Although more than 2000 brown dwarfs have been detected to date, mainly from direct imaging, their characterisation is difficult due to their faintness and model dependent results. In the case of transiting brown dwarfs it is, however, possible to make direct high precision observations. Our aim is to investigate the nature and formation of brown dwarfs by adding a new well-characterised object, in term of its mass, radius and bulk density, to the currently small sample of less than 20 transiting brown dwarfs. One brown dwarf candidate was found by the KESPRINT consortium when searching for exoplanets in the K2 space mission Campaign 16 field. We combined the K2 photometric data with a series of multi-colour photometric observations, imaging and radial velocity measurements to rule out false positive scenarios and to determine the fundamental properties of the system. We report the discovery and characterisation of a transiting brown dwarf in a 5.17 day eccentric orbit around the slightly evolved F7V star EPIC 212036875. EPIC 212036875b is a rare object that resides in the brown dwarf desert. In the mass-density diagram for planets, brown dwarfs and stars, we find that all giant planets and brown dwarfs follow the same trend from 0.3M_J_ to the turn-over to hydrogen burning stars at 73M_J_. EPIC 212036875b falls on the theoretical line for H/He dominated planets in this diagram as determined by interior structure models, as well as on the empirical fit. We argue that EPIC 212036875b formed via gravitational disc instabilities in the outer part of the disc, followed by a quick migration. Orbital tidal circularisation may have started early in its history for a brief period when the brown dwarf's radius was larger. The lack of spin-orbit synchronisation points to a weak stellar dissipation parameter which implies a circularisation timescale of 23Gyr, or suggests an interaction between the magnetic and tidal forces of the star and the brown dwarf.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/566/A43
- Title:
- EPOCH Project. EROS-2 LMC periodic variables
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/566/A43
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The EPOCH (EROS-2 periodic variable star classification using machine learning) project aims to detect periodic variable stars in the EROS-2 light curve database. In order to classify these variables, we first build a training set by compiling known variables in the Large Magellanic Could area from the OGLE and MACHO surveys. We crossmatch these variables with the EROS-2 sources and extract 22 variability features from 28,392 light curves of the corresponding EROS-2 sources. We then use Random Forests to classify the EROS-2 sources in the training set. We design the model to separate not only Delta Scuti stars, RR Lyraes, Cepheids, eclipsing binaries and long-period variables, the "superclasses", but also their subclasses, such as RRab, RRc, RRd and RRe for RR Lyraes, and similarly for the other variable types. We apply the trained model to the entire EROS-2 LMC database containing about 29 million sources and find 117,234 periodic variable candidates. Out of these 117,234 periodic variables, 55,285 have not been discovered by either OGLE or MACHO variability studies. This set comprises 1906 Delta Scuti stars, 6,607 RR Lyraes, 638 Cepheids, 178 Type II Cepheids, 34,562 eclipsing binaries and 11,394 long-period variables.
