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4571. Number counts predictions for surveys
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/472/4878
Title:
Number counts predictions for surveys
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/472/4878
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We estimate the number counts of line emitters at high redshift and their evolution with cosmic time based on a combination of photometry and spectroscopy. We predict the H{alpha}, H{beta}, [OII], and [OIII] line fluxes for more than 35000 galaxies down to stellar masses of ~10^9^M_{sun}_ in the COSMOS and GOODS-S fields, applying standard conversions and exploiting the spectroscopic coverage of the FMOS-COSMOS survey at z~1.55 to calibrate the predictions. We calculate the number counts of H{alpha}, [OII], and [OIII] emitters down to fluxes of 1x10^-17^erg/cm^2^/s in the range 1.4<z<1.8 covered by the FMOS-COSMOS survey. We model the time evolution of the differential and cumulative H{alpha} counts, steeply declining at the brightest fluxes. We expect ~9300-9700 and ~2300-2900-galaxies/deg^2^ for fluxes >=1x10^-16^ and >=2x10^-16^erg/cm^2^/s over the range of 0.9<z<1.8. We show that the observed evolution of the main sequence of galaxies with redshift is enough to reproduce the observed counts variation at 0.2<z<2.5. We characterize the physical properties of the H{alpha} emitters with fluxes >=2x10^-16^erg/cm^2^/s including their stellar masses, UV sizes, [NII]/H{alpha} ratios and H{alpha} equivalent widths. An aperture of R~R_e_~0.5arcsec maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio for a detection, whilst causing a factor of ~2x flux losses, influencing the recoverable number counts, if neglected. Our approach, based on deep and large photometric data sets, reduces the uncertainties on the number counts due to the selection and spectroscopic samplings whilst exploring low fluxes. We publicly release the line flux predictions for the explored photometric samples.
4572. Number counts produced by the EGG
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/602/A96
Title:
Number counts produced by the EGG
Short Name:
J/A+A/602/A96
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
This paper introduces egg, the Empirical Galaxy Generator, a tool designed within the ASTRODEEP collaboration to generate mock galaxy catalogs for deep fields with realistic fluxes and simple morphologies. The simulation procedure is based exclusively on empirical prescriptions - rather than first principles - to provide the most accurate match with current observations at 0<z<7. We considered that galaxies can be either quiescent or star-forming, and used their stellar mass (M*) and redshift (z) as the fundamental properties from which all the other observables can be statistically derived. Drawing z and M* from the observed galaxy stellar mass functions, a star-formation rate (SFR) is attributed to each galaxy from the tight SFR-M* main sequence, while dust attenuation, optical colors and simple disk plus bulge morphologies are obtained from empirical relations that we established from the high quality Hubble and Herschel observations from the CANDELS fields. Random scatter was introduced in each step to reproduce the observed distributions of each parameter. Based on these observables, an adequate panchromatic spectral energy distribution (SED) is selected for each galaxy and synthetic photometry is produced by integrating the redshifted SED in common broad-band filters. Finally, the mock galaxies are placed on the sky at random positions with a fixed angular two-point correlation function to implement basic clustering. The resulting flux catalogs reproduce accurately the observed number counts in all broad bands from the ultraviolet up to the sub-millimeter, and can be directly fed to image simulators such as SkyMaker. The images can then be used to test source extraction softwares and image-based techniques such as stacking. egg is open-source, and is made available to the community on behalf of the ASTRODEEP collaboration, together with a set of pre-generated catalogs and images.
4573. NuSTAR hard X-ray survey of the Galactic Center. II.
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/825/132
Title:
NuSTAR hard X-ray survey of the Galactic Center. II.
Short Name:
J/ApJ/825/132
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present the first survey results of hard X-ray point sources in the Galactic Center (GC) region by NuSTAR. We have discovered 70 hard (3-79 keV) X-ray point sources in a 0.6 deg^2^ region around Sgr A* with a total exposure of 1.7 Ms, and 7 sources in the Sgr B2 field with 300 ks. We identify clear Chandra counterparts for 58 NuSTAR sources and assign candidate counterparts for the remaining 19. The NuSTAR survey reaches X-ray luminosities of ~4x and ~8x10^32^ erg/s at the GC (8 kpc) in the 3-10 and 10-40 keV bands, respectively. The source list includes three persistent luminous X-ray binaries (XBs) and the likely run-away pulsar called the Cannonball. New source-detection significance maps reveal a cluster of hard (>10 keV) X-ray sources near the Sgr A diffuse complex with no clear soft X-ray counterparts. The severe extinction observed in the Chandra spectra indicates that all the NuSTAR sources are in the central bulge or are of extragalactic origin. Spectral analysis of relatively bright NuSTAR sources suggests that magnetic cataclysmic variables constitute a large fraction (>40%-60%). Both spectral analysis and logN-logS distributions of the NuSTAR sources indicate that the X-ray spectra of the NuSTAR sources should have kT>20 keV on average for a single temperature thermal plasma model or an average photon index of {Gamma}=1.5-2 for a power-law model. These findings suggest that the GC X-ray source population may contain a larger fraction of XBs with high plasma temperatures than the field population.
4574. NuSTAR serendipitous survey: the 40-month catalog
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/836/99
Title:
NuSTAR serendipitous survey: the 40-month catalog
Short Name:
J/ApJ/836/99
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present the first full catalog and science results for the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) serendipitous survey. The catalog incorporates data taken during the first 40 months of NuSTAR operation, which provide ~20Ms of effective exposure time over 331 fields, with an areal coverage of 13deg^2^, and 497 sources detected in total over the 3-24keV energy range. There are 276 sources with spectroscopic redshifts and classifications, largely resulting from our extensive campaign of ground-based spectroscopic follow-up. We characterize the overall sample in terms of the X-ray, optical, and infrared source properties. The sample is primarily composed of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), detected over a large range in redshift from z=0.002 to 3.4 (median of <z>=0.56), but also includes 16 spectroscopically confirmed Galactic sources. There is a large range in X-ray flux, from log(f_3-24keV_/erg/s/cm^2^)~-14 to -11, and in rest-frame 10-40keV luminosity, from log(L_10-40keV_/erg/s)~39 to 46, with a median of 44.1. Approximately 79% of the NuSTAR sources have lower-energy (<10keV) X-ray counterparts from XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Swift XRT. The mid-infrared (MIR) analysis, using WISE all-sky survey data, shows that MIR AGN color selections miss a large fraction of the NuSTAR-selected AGN population, from ~15% at the highest luminosities (L_X_>10^44^erg/s) to ~80% at the lowest luminosities (L_X_<10^43^erg/s). Our optical spectroscopic analysis finds that the observed fraction of optically obscured AGNs (i.e., the type 2 fraction) is F_Type2_=53_-15_^+14^% , for a well-defined subset of the 8-24keV selected sample. This is higher, albeit at a low significance level, than the type 2 fraction measured for redshift- and luminosity-matched AGNs selected by <10keV X-ray missions.
4575. NUV and FUV measurements of planet host stars
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/890/23
Title:
NUV and FUV measurements of planet host stars
Short Name:
J/ApJ/890/23
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We search for evidence of the cause of the exoplanet radius gap, i.e., the dearth of planets with radii near 1.8R_{Earth}_. If the cause were photoevaporation, the radius gap should trend with proxies for the early-life high-energy emission of the planet-hosting stars. If, alternatively, the cause were core-powered mass loss, no such trends should exist. Critically, spurious trends between the radius gap and stellar properties arise from an underlying correlation with instellation. After accounting for this underlying correlation, we find that no trends remain between the radius gap and stellar mass or present-day stellar activity as measured by near-UV emission. We dismiss the nondetection of a radius gap trend with near-UV emission because present-day near-UV emission is unlikely to trace early-life high-energy emission, but we provide a catalog of Galaxy Evolution Explorer near-UV and far-UV emission measurements for general use. We interpret the nondetection of a radius gap trend with stellar mass by simulating photoevaporation with mass-dependent evolution of stellar high-energy emission. The simulation produces an undetectable trend between the radius gap and stellar mass under realistic sources of error. We conclude that no evidence, from this analysis or others in the literature, currently exists that clearly favors either photoevaporation or core-powered mass loss as the primary cause of the exoplanet radius gap. However, repeating this analysis once the body of well-characterized <4R_{Earth}_ planets has roughly doubled could confirm or rule out photoevaporation.
4576. NUV-J colours of red-sequence galaxies
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/385/2097
Title:
NUV-J colours of red-sequence galaxies
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/385/2097
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present GALEX near-ultraviolet (NUV) and Two-Micron All-Sky Survey J-band photometry for red-sequence galaxies in local clusters. We define quiescent samples according to a strict emission threshold, removing galaxies with very recent star formation. We analyse the NUVJ colour-magnitude relation (CMR) and find that the intrinsic scatter is an order of magnitude larger than for the analogous optical CMR (~0.35 rather than 0.05mag), in agreement with previous studies. Comparing the NUVJ colours with spectroscopically derived stellar population parameters, we find a strong (>5.5sigma) correlation with metallicity, only a marginal trend with age, and no correlation with the alpha/Fe ratio. We explore the origin of the large scatter and conclude that neither aperture effects nor the UV upturn phenomenon contribute significantly. We show that the scatter could be attributed to simple 'frosting' by either a young or a low-metallicity subpopulation.
4577. NUV sources in CDF-S and HDF-N GOODS fields
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/132/2014
Title:
NUV sources in CDF-S and HDF-N GOODS fields
Short Name:
J/AJ/132/2014
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present an ultraviolet-selected sample of 268 objects in the two fields of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS). We used the parallel observations taken with the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 in the U band (F300W), which covered 88% of the GOODS fields, to identify sources and selected only objects with GOODS Advanced Camera for Surveys counterparts. Spectroscopic redshifts for 95 of these sources are available, and we have used the multiwavelength GOODS data to estimate photometric redshifts for the others. Most of the objects have redshifts 0.2<z<0.8. We used the spectral types obtained by photometric redshift fitting to identify starburst galaxies. We have also visually checked all objects and looked for tidal effects and nearby companions.
4578. NUV to NIR photometry of type IIP ASASSN-16at
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/873/L3
Title:
NUV to NIR photometry of type IIP ASASSN-16at
Short Name:
J/ApJ/873/L3
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We report distinctly double-peaked H{alpha} and H{beta} emission lines in the late-time, nebular-phase spectra (>~200 days) of the otherwise normal at early phases (<~100 days) type IIP supernova ASASSN-16at (SN2016X). Such distinctly double-peaked nebular Balmer lines have never been observed for a type II SN. The nebular-phase Balmer emission is driven by the radioactive ^56^Co decay, so the observed line profile bifurcation suggests a strong bipolarity in the ^56^Ni distribution or in the line-forming region of the inner ejecta. The strongly bifurcated blueshifted and redshifted peaks are separated by ~3x10^3^km/s and are roughly symmetrically positioned with respect to the host-galaxy rest frame, implying that the inner ejecta are composed of two almost-detached blobs. The red peak progressively weakens relative to the blue peak, and disappears in the 740 days spectrum. One possible reason for the line-ratio evolution is increasing differential extinction from continuous formation of dust within the envelope, which is also supported by the near-infrared flux excess that develops after ~100 days.
4579. NVSS and FIRST variable sources
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/A+C/25.176
Title:
NVSS and FIRST variable sources
Short Name:
J/other/A+C/25.1
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
In the present study we have cross-correlated NVSS and FIRST radio catalogues having radio flux measurements at the same 1.4GHz frequency. This way we benefit from repeated observations from both catalogues, as they give more accurate positions and fluxes and more important, reveal large differences between the two measured fluxes, thus allowing to establish radio variability. As a result 79382 radio variables have been revealed, including 6301 with flux differences at 1.4GHz larger than 15mJy, 1917 with flux differences 45mJy and 260 with flux differences 200mJy. By using a special technique (Mickaelian & Sinamyan 2010 (J/MNRAS/407/681) Mickaelian+ 2011 (J/MNRAS/415/1061)), 2425 optically variable objects out of 6301 radio sources have been revealed. 2425 radio sources with both high radio and optical variability into four categories have been divided. 1206 (19%) out of 6301 radio sources have activity types from available catalogues and 619 (25.5%) out of 2425 radio sources with at the same time radio and optical variability have activity types from available catalogues. In addition, 279 radio sources out of 2425 have high variability in optical range. We have established their activity types when available. The IR fluxes and colours for the 6301 variable radio sources have been studied. Colour-colour diagrams show that most of the "unknown" sources are galaxies. The activity types for 110 (42%) out of 260 extremely high variable radio sources also have been retrieved.
4580. NW Ser and V1446 Aql uvby light curves
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/472/565
Title:
NW Ser and V1446 Aql uvby light curves
Short Name:
J/A+A/472/565
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present accurate photometric time series of two Be stars: NW Ser and V1446 Aql. Both stars were observed at the Observatorio de Sierra Nevada (Granada) in July 2003 with an automatic four-channel Stroemgren photometer. We also present a preliminary theoretical study showing that the periodic variations exhibited by these stars can be due to pulsation.