- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/142/176
- Title:
- Exoplanet host stars. II. Speckle interferometry
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/142/176
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A study of the host stars to exoplanets is important for understanding their environment. To that end, we report new speckle observations of a sample of exoplanet host primaries. The bright exoplanet host HD 8673 (= HIP 6702) is revealed to have a companion, although at this time we cannot definitively establish the companion as physical or optical. The observing lists for planet searches and for these observations have for the most part been pre-screened for known duplicity, so the detected binary fraction is lower than what would otherwise be expected. Therefore, a large number of double stars were observed contemporaneously for verification and quality control purposes, to ensure that the lack of detection of companions for exoplanet hosts was valid. In these additional observations, 10 pairs are resolved for the first time and 60 pairs are confirmed.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/613/A41
- Title:
- 5 exoplanet light and RV curves
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/613/A41
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The measurement of the orbital obliquity of hot Jupiters, with different physical characteristics, can provide clues to the mechanisms of migration and orbital evolution of this particular class of giant exoplanets. We aim to derive the degree of alignment between planetary orbit and stellar spin angular momentum vectors and look for possible links with other orbital and fundamental physical parameters of the star-planet system. Here we focus on the characterisation of five transiting planetary systems (HAT-P-3, HAT-P-12, HAT-P-22, WASP-39 and WASP-60) and the determination of their sky-projected planet orbital obliquity through the measurement of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. We used HARPS-N high-precision radial velocity measurements, gathered during transit events, to measure the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect in the target systems and determine the sky-projected angle between the planetary orbital plane and the stellar equator. The characterisation of stellar atmospheric parameters was performed exploiting the HARPS-N spectra, using line equivalent width ratios, and spectral synthesis methods. Photometric parameters of the five transiting exoplanets were re-analysed through 17 new light curves, obtained with an array of medium-class telescopes, and other light curves from the literature. Survey-time-series photometric data were analysed for determining the rotation periods of the five stars and their spin inclination. From the analysis of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect we derived a sky-projected obliquity of {lambda}=21.2+/-8.7{deg}, {lambda=-54^+41^_-13_{deg}, {lambda=-2.1+/-3.0{deg}, lambda=0+/-11{deg} and lambda=-129+/-17{deg} for HAT-P-3 b, HAT-P-12 b, HAT-P-22 b, WASP-39 b and WASP-60 b, respectively. The latter value indicates that WASP-60 b is moving on a retrograde orbit. These values represent the first measurements of {lambda} for the five exoplanetary systems under study. The stellar activity of HAT-P-22 indicates a rotation period of 28.7+/-0.4-days, which allowed us to estimate the true misalignment angle of HAT-P-22 b, {psi}=24+/-18{deg}. The revision of the physical parameters of the five exoplanetary systems returned values fully compatible with those existing in the literature, with the exception of the WASP-60 system, for which, based on higher quality spectroscopic and photometric data, we found a more massive and younger star, and a larger and hotter planet.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/411/L46
- Title:
- Exoplanet magnetic fields
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/411/L46
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- An asymmetry between the ingress and egress times was observed in the near-UV light curve of the transit planet WASP-12b. Such asymmetry led us to suggest that the early ingress in the UV light curve of WASP-12b, compared to the optical observations, is caused by a shock around the planet, and that shocks should be a common feature in transiting systems. Here, we classify all the transiting systems known to date according to their potential for producing shocks that could cause observable light curve asymmetries.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/733/68
- Title:
- Exoplanet masses derived from RVs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/733/68
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Exoplanet searches using radial velocity (RV) and microlensing (ML) produce samples of "projected" mass and orbital radius, respectively. We present a new method for estimating the probability density distribution (density) of the unprojected quantity from such samples. For a sample of n data values, the method involves solving n simultaneous linear equations to determine the weights of delta functions for the raw, unsmoothed density of the unprojected quantity that cause the associated cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the projected quantity to exactly reproduce the empirical CDF of the sample at the locations of the n data values. We smooth the raw density using nonparametric kernel density estimation with a normal kernel of bandwidth {sigma}. We calibrate the dependence of {sigma} on n by Monte Carlo experiments performed on samples drawn from a theoretical density, in which the integrated square error is minimized. We scale this calibration to the ranges of real RV samples using the Normal Reference Rule. The resolution and amplitude accuracy of the estimated density improve with n. For typical RV and ML samples, we expect the fractional noise at the PDF peak to be approximately 80n^-log2^. For illustrations, we apply the new method to 67 RV values given a similar treatment by Jorissen et al. (2001A&A...379..992J), and to the 308 RV values listed at exoplanets.org on 2010 October 20.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASP/123/412
- Title:
- Exoplanet Orbit Database
- Short Name:
- J/PASP/123/412
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a database of well determined orbital parameters of exoplanets, and their host stars' properties. This database comprises spectroscopic orbital elements measured for 427 planets orbiting 363 stars from radial velocity and transit measurements as reported in the literature. We have also compiled fundamental transit parameters, stellar parameters, and the method used for the planets discovery. This Exoplanet Orbit Database includes all planets with robust, well measured orbital parameters reported in peer-reviewed articles. The Database is available in a searcheable, filterable, and sortable form on the Web at http://exoplanets.org through the Exoplanets Data Explorer Table, and the data can be plotted and explored through the Exoplanet Data Explorer Plotter. We use the Data Explorer to generate publication-ready plots giving three examples of the signatures of exoplanet migration and dynamical evolution: We illustrate the character of the apparent correlation between mass and period in exoplanet orbits, the different selection biases between radial velocity and transit surveys, and that the multiplanet systems show a distinct semi-major axis distribution from apparently singleton systems.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/612/511
- Title:
- Exoplanet radio emission
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/612/511
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We predict the radio flux densities of the extrasolar planets in the current census, making use of an empirical relation - the radiometric Bode's law - determined from the five "magnetic" planets in the solar system (the Earth and the four gas giants). Radio emission from these planets results from solar wind-powered electron currents depositing energy in the magnetic polar regions. We find that most of the known extrasolar planets should emit in the frequency range 10-1000 MHz and, under favorable circumstances, have typical flux densities as large as 1mJy. We also describe an initial, systematic effort to search for radio emission in low radio frequency images acquired with the Very Large Array (VLA). The limits set by the VLA images (~300mJy) are consistent with, but do not provide strong constraints on, the predictions of the model.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/615/A39
- Title:
- Exoplanets interior structures & Love numbers
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/615/A39
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Space missions such as CoRoT and Kepler have made the transit method the most successful technique in observing extrasolar planets. However, although the mean density of a planet can be derived from its measured mass and radius, no details about its interior structure, such as the density profile, can be inferred so far. If determined precisely enough, the shape of the transiting light curve might, in principle, reveal the shape of the planet, and in particular, its deviation from spherical symmetry. These deformations are caused, for instance, by the tidal interactions of the planet with the host star and by other planets that might orbit in the planetary system. The deformations depend on the interior structure of the planet and its composition and can be parameterized as Love numbers k_n_. This means that the diversity of possible interior models for extrasolar planets might be confined by measuring this quantity. We present results of a wide-ranging parameter study in planet mass, surface temperature, and layer mass fractions on such models for super-Earths and their corresponding Love numbers. Based on these data, we find that k_2_ is most useful in assessing the ratio of rocky material to iron and in ruling out certain compositional configurations for measured mass and radius values, such as a prominent core consisting of rocky material. Furthermore, we apply the procedure to exoplanets K2-3b and c and predict that K2-3c probably has a thick outer water layer.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/559/A36
- Title:
- Exoplanets WASP-65b and WASP-75b
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/559/A36
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present two newly discovered hot Jupiters from the WASP transit survey. WASP-65b (M_pl_=1.55+/-0.16M_J_; R_pl_=1.11+/-0.06R_J_), and WASP-75b (M_pl_=1.07+/-0.05M_J_; R_pl_=1.27+/-0.05R_J_). They orbit their host star every 2.311, and 2.484 days, respectively. WASP-65b is one of the densest known exoplanets in the mass range 0.1 and 2.0M_J_, and is one of only a handful of planets with masses of around 1.5M_J_. The radius of WASP-75b is slightly inflated (~<10%) as compared to theoretical planet models with no core. We present the Radial Velocity measurements, the WASP light curves, and the high-precision light curves for the transiting planetary systems WASP-65, and WASP-75.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/646/523
- Title:
- Exoplanet systems with stellar companions
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/646/523
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present results of a reconnaissance for stellar companions to all 131 radial velocity-detected candidate extrasolar planetary systems known as of 2005 July 1. Common proper-motion companions were investigated using the multi-epoch STScI Digitized Sky Surveys and confirmed by matching the trigonometric parallax distances of the primaries to companion distances estimated photometrically. We also attempt to confirm or refute companions listed in the Washington Double Star Catalog (<I/237>), in the Catalogs of Nearby Stars Series by Gliese and Jahreiss (<V/70>, in Hipparcos results (<I/239>, and in Duquennoy & Mayor's radial velocity survey (1991A&A...248..485D). Our findings indicate that a lower limit of 30 (23%) of the 131 exoplanet systems have stellar companions. We report new stellar companions to HD 38529 and HD 188015 and a new candidate companion to HD 169830. We confirm many previously reported stellar companions, including six stars in five systems, that are recognized for the first time as companions to exoplanet hosts. We have found evidence that 20 entries in the Washington Double Star Catalog are not gravitationally bound companions. At least three (HD 178911, 16 Cyg B, and HD 219449), and possibly five (including HD 41004 and HD 38529), of the exoplanet systems reside in triple-star systems. Three exoplanet systems (GJ 86, HD 41004, and Cep) have potentially close-in stellar companions, with planets at roughly Mercury-Mars distances from the host star and stellar companions at projected separations of 20AU, similar to the SunUranus distance. Finally, two of the exoplanet systems contain white dwarf companions. This comprehensive assessment of exoplanet systems indicates that solar systems are found in a variety of stellar multiplicity environments - singles, binaries, and triples - and that planets survive the post-main-sequence evolution of companion stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/573/A21
- Title:
- Extinction of Titan haze at 3 micron
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/573/A21
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The chemical nature of the Titan haze is poorly understood. The investigation carried out by the Cassini-Huygens suite of instruments is bringing new insights into this question. This work aims at deriving the vertical variation of the spectral structure of the 3.3-3.4um absorption feature of the Titan haze from Cassini VIMS solar occultation data recorded between 250 and 700km altitude.