- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/457/4089
- Title:
- Frequency of snowline-region planets
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/457/4089
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a statistical analysis of the first four seasons from a 'second-generation' microlensing survey for extrasolar planets, consisting of near-continuous time coverage of 8 deg^2^ of the Galactic bulge by the Optical Gravitational Lens Experiment (OGLE), Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA), and Wise microlensing surveys. During this period, 224 microlensing events were observed by all three groups. Over 12 per cent of the events showed a deviation from single-lens microlensing, and for ~one-third of those the anomaly is likely caused by a planetary companion. For each of the 224 events, we have performed numerical ray-tracing simulations to calculate the detection efficiency of possible companions as a function of companion-to-host mass ratio and separation. Accounting for the detection efficiency, we find that 55^+34^_-22_ per cent of microlensed stars host a snowline planet. Moreover, we find that Neptune-mass planets are ~10 times more common than Jupiter-mass planets. The companion-to-host mass-ratio distribution shows a deficit at q~10^-2^, separating the distribution into two companion populations, analogous to the stellar-companion and planet populations, seen in radial-velocity surveys around solar-like stars. Our survey, however, which probes mainly lower mass stars, suggests a minimum in the distribution in the super-Jupiter mass range, and a relatively high occurrence of brown-dwarf companions.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/603/A58
- Title:
- Full spectrum of Proxima Centauri
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/603/A58
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The discovery of Proxima b, a terrestrial temperate planet, presents the opportunity of studying a potentially habitable world in optimal conditions. A key aspect to model its habitability is to understand the radiation environment of the planet in the full spectral domain. We characterize the X-rays to mid-IR radiative properties of Proxima with the goal of providing the top-of-atmosphere fluxes on the planet. We also aim at constraining the fundamental properties of the star, namely its mass, radius, effective temperature and luminosity. We employ observations from a large number of facilities and make use of different methodologies to piece together the full spectral energy distribution of Proxima. In the high-energy domain, we pay particular attention to the contribution by rotational modulation, activity cycle, and flares so that the data provided are representative of the overall radiation dose received by the atmosphere of the planet.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/452/2127
- Title:
- Fundamental parameters of Kepler stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/452/2127
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a study of 33 Kepler planet-candidate host stars for which asteroseismic observations have sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio to allow extraction of individual pulsation frequencies. We implement a new Bayesian scheme that is flexible in its input to process individual oscillation frequencies, combinations of them, and average asteroseismic parameters, and derive robust fundamental properties for these targets. Applying this scheme to grids of evolutionary models yields stellar properties with median statistical uncertainties of 1.2 per cent (radius), 1.7 per cent (density), 3.3 per cent (mass), 4.4 per cent (distance), and 14 per cent (age), making this the exoplanet host-star sample with the most precise and uniformly determined fundamental parameters to date. We assess the systematics from changes in the solar abundances and mixing-length parameter, showing that they are smaller than the statistical errors. We also determine the stellar properties with three other fitting algorithms and explore the systematics arising from using different evolution and pulsation codes, resulting in 1 per cent in density and radius, and 2 per cent and 7 per cent in mass and age, respectively. We confirm previous findings of the initial helium abundance being a source of systematics comparable to our statistical uncertainties, and discuss future prospects for constraining this parameter by combining asteroseismology and data from space missions. Finally, we compare our derived properties with those obtained using the global average asteroseismic observables along with effective temperature and metallicity, finding excellent level of agreement. Owing to selection effects, our results show that the majority of the high signal-to-noise ratio asteroseismic Kepler host stars are older than the Sun.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/445/4395
- Title:
- Fundamental properties of giant gas planets
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/445/4395
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It is already stated in the previous studies that the radius of the giant planets is affected by stellar irradiation. The confirmed relation between radius and incident flux depends on planetary mass intervals. In this study, we show that there is a single relation between radius and irradiated energy per gram per second (l-), for all mass intervals. There is an extra increase in radius of planets if l- is higher than 1100 times energy received by the Earth (l_{earth}_). This is likely due to dissociation of molecules. The tidal interaction as a heating mechanism is also considered and found that its maximum effect on the inflation of planets is about 15 percent. We also compute age and heavy element abundances from the properties of host stars, given in the TEPCat catalogue (Southworth). The metallicity given in the literature is as [Fe/H]. However, the most abundant element is oxygen, and there is a reverse relation between the observed abundances [Fe/H] and [O/Fe]. Therefore, we first compute [O/H] from [Fe/H] by using observed abundances, and then find heavy element abundance from [O/H]. We also develop a new method for age determination. Using the ages we find, we analyse variation of both radius and mass of the planets with respect to time, and estimate the initial mass of the planets from the relation we derive for the first time. According to our results, the highly irradiated gas giants lose 5 percent of their mass in every 1Gyr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/766/9
- Title:
- GALEX observations of exoplanet host stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/766/9
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using the far-UV (FUV) and near-UV (NUV) photometry from the NASA Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), we searched for evidence of increased stellar activity due to tidal and/or magnetic star-planet interactions (SPI) in the 272 known FGK planetary hosts observed by GALEX. With the increased sensitivity of GALEX, we are able probe systems with lower activity levels and at larger distances than what has been done to date with X-ray satellites. We compared samples of stars with close-in planets (a<0.1AU) to those with far-out planets (a>0.5AU) and looked for correlations of excess activity with other system parameters. This statistical investigation found no clear correlations with a, M_p_, or M_p_/a, in contrast to some X-ray and CaII studies. However, there is tentative evidence (at a level of 1.8{sigma}) that stars with radial-velocity-(RV)-detected close-in planets are more FUV-active than stars with far-out planets, in agreement with several published X-ray and Ca II results. The case is strengthened to a level of significance to 2.3{sigma} when transit-detected close-in planets are included. This is most likely because the RV-selected sample of stars is significantly less active than the field population of comparable stars, while the transit-selected sample is similarly active. Given the factor of 2-3 scatter in fractional FUV luminosity for a given stellar effective temperature, it is necessary to conduct a time-resolved study of the planet hosts in order to better characterize their UV variability and generate a firmer statistical result.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/SoSyR/50.344
- Title:
- Galilean moons & Jupiter positions
- Short Name:
- J/other/SoSyR/50
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Observational results are presented for Jupiter and its Galilean moons from the Normal Astrograph at Pulkovo Observatory in 2013-2015. The following data are obtained: 154 positions of the Galilean satellites and 47 calculated positions of Jupiter in the system of the UCAC4 (ICRS, J2000.0) catalogue; the differential coordinates of the satellites relative to one another are determined. The mean errors of the satellites normal places in right ascension and declination over the entire observational period are, respectively: (eps)RA=0.0065" and (eps)DE=0.0068", and their standard deviations are (sigm)RA=0.0804" and (sigm)DE=0.0845". The equatorial coordinates are compared with planetary and satellite motion theories. The average (O-C) residuals in the two coordinates relative to the motion theories are 0.05" or less. The best agreement with the observations is achieved by a combination of the EPM2011m and V. Lainey-V.2.0|V1.1 motion theories; the average (O-C) residuals are 0.03" or less. The (O-C) residuals for the features of the positions of Io and Ganymede are comparable with measurement errors. Jupiter's positions calculated from the observations of the satellites and their theoretical jovicentric coordinates are in good agreement with the motion theories. The (O-C) residuals for Jupiter's coordinates are, on average, 0.027" and -0.025" in the two coordinates.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/SoSyR/52.312
- Title:
- Galilean moons positions
- Short Name:
- J/other/SoSyR/52
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Results of the Galilean moons observationals taken with Normal Astrograph of the Pulkovo Observatory in 2016-2017 are presented. 761 positions of the Galilean moons of Jupiter in the system of the Gaia DR1 catalog (ICRF, J2000.0) and 854 differential coordinates of the satellites relative to each other were obtained. The mean errors in the satellites' normal places and the corresponding root-mean-square deviations are (eps)RA=0.0020", (eps)DE=0.0027", (sigm)RA=0.0546", and (sigm)DE=0.0757". The equatorial coordinates of the moons are compared to the motion theories of planets and satellites. On average, the (O-C) residuals in the both coordinates relative to the motion theories are less than 0.031". The best agreement with observations is achieved by a combination of the EPM2015 and V. Lainey-V.2.0|V1.1 motion theories, which yields the average (O-C) residuals of approximately 0.02". Peculiarities in the behavior of the (O-C) residuals and error values in Ganymede have been noticed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/427/371
- Title:
- Galilean satellites ephemerides
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/427/371
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new model of the four Galilean satellites Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, able to deliver accurate ephemerides over a very long time span (several centuries). In the first paper (Lainey et al., 2004A&A...420.1171L) we gave the equations of the dynamical model. Here we present the fit of this model to the observations, covering more than one century starting from 1891. Our ephemerides, based on this first fit called L1, are available on the web page of the IMCCE at the URL http://www.imcce.fr/ephemeride_eng.html .
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/SoSyR/49.383
- Title:
- Galilean satellites & Jupiter positions
- Short Name:
- J/other/SoSyR/49
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- For observational period of 2009-2011 we have obtained 140 positions of Galilean satellites and 42 calculated positions of Jupiter in the system of UCAC4 catalogue (ICRS, J2000.0). Accuracy estimation gives error of mean position as 0.02-0.04". The resulting equatorial coordinates satellites were compared with the eight contemporary theories of the motion of planets and satellites. On average, the (O-C) residuals in both coordinates do not exceed 0.08" relative to all theories of motion. Comparison of the calculated equatorial coordinates of Jupiter (were obtained from observations of galilean satellites) with the INPOP10 theory of planetary motion has shown satisfactory results. The average deviations were obtained respectively (O-C)RA=0.040" and (O-C)DE=-0.053". This work was supported by the Program 22 of the Presidium of RAS and RFBR grant (12-02-00675-a).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/383/719
- Title:
- Galilean Satellites mutual events 2002-2003
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/383/719
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Mutual occultations and eclipses of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter will occur in 2002-2003. This paper provides predictions of these events as well as information useful for their observations. Such events are uncommon, since they occur only every 6 years when the Earth and the Sun pass through the common orbital plane of the Galilean satellites. Therefore, we encourage professional and amateur astronomers to join the networks of observers in order to get as many observations as possible. Data on the predictions of the events are available on the web server of the Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul de Ephemerides (IMCCE) ( http://www.bdl.fr ).