- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/814/65
- Title:
- Jupiter HST light curves
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/814/65
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Deducing the cloud cover and its temporal evolution from the observed planetary spectra and phase curves can give us major insight into the atmospheric dynamics. In this paper, we present Aeolus, a Markov chain Monte Carlo code that maps the structure of brown dwarf and other ultracool atmospheres. We validated Aeolus on a set of unique Jupiter Hubble Space Telescope (HST) light curves. Aeolus accurately retrieves the properties of the major features of the Jovian atmosphere, such as the Great Red Spot and a major 5{mu}m hot spot. Aeolus is the first mapping code validated on actual observations of a giant planet over a full rotational period. For this study, we applied Aeolus to J- and H-band HST light curves of 2MASS J21392676+0220226 and 2MASS J0136565+093347. Aeolus retrieves three spots at the top of the atmosphere (per observational wavelength) of these two brown dwarfs, with a surface coverage of 21%+/-3% and 20.3%+/-1.5%, respectively.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/596/A114
- Title:
- Jupiter internal structure different EOS
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/596/A114
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Heavy elements, even though its smaller constituent, are crucial to understand Jupiter formation history. Interior models are used to determine the amount of heavy elements in Jupiter interior, nevertheless this range is still subject to degeneracies due to uncertainties in the equations of state. Prior to Juno mission data arrival, we present Jupiter optimized calculations exploring the ect of different model parameters in the determination of Jupiter's core and heavy element's mass. We perform comparisons between equations of state published recently. The interior model of Jupiter is calculated from the equations of hydrostatic equilibrium, mass and energy conservation, and energy transport. The mass of the core and heavy elements is adjusted to match Jupiter's observational constrains radius and gravitational moments
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/750/52
- Title:
- Jupiter model with improved EOS
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/750/52
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The amount and distribution of heavy elements in Jupiter gives indications on the process of its formation and evolution. Core mass and metallicity predictions, however, depend on the equations of state (EOSs) used and on model assumptions. We present an improved ab initio hydrogen EOS, H-REOS.2, and compute the internal structure and thermal evolution of Jupiter within the standard three-layer approach. The advance over our previous Jupiter models with H-REOS.1 by Nettelmann et al. (2008ApJ...683.1217N) is that the new models are also consistent with the observed >~2 times solar heavy element abundances in Jupiter's atmosphere. Such models have a rock core mass M_c_=0-8M_{earth}_, total mass of heavy elements M_Z_=28-32M_{earth}_, a deep internal layer boundary at >=4Mbar, and a cooling time of 4.4-5.0Gyr when assuming homogeneous evolution. We also calculate two-layer models in the manner of Militzer et al. (2008ApJ...688L..45M) and find a comparable large core of 16-21M_{earth}_, out of which ~11M_{earth}_ is helium, but a significantly higher envelope metallicity of 4.5 times solar. According to our preferred three-layer models, neither the characteristic frequency ({nu}_0_~156{mu}Hz) nor the normalized moment of inertia ({lambda}~0.276) is sensitive to the core mass but accurate measurements could well help to rule out some classes of models.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/554/A74
- Title:
- Jupiter's zonal winds in 2011
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/554/A74
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The general circulation of Jupiter's atmosphere at cloud level is dominated by a system of zonal jets that alternate in direction with latitude. The winds, measured in high-resolution images obtained by different space missions and the Hubble Space Telescope, are overall stable in their latitude location with small changes in intensity at particular jets. However, the atmosphere experiences repetitive changes in the albedo of particular belts and zones that are subject to large-scale intense disturbances that may locally influence the profile. The lack of high-resolution images has not allowed the wind system to be studied with the regularity required to assess its stability with respect to these major changes or to other types of variations (e.g., seasonality). To amend that, we present a study of the zonal wind profile of Jupiter using images acquired around the 2011 opposition by a network of observers operating small-size telescopes with apertures in the range 0.20-1m. Using an automatic correlation technique, we demonstrate the capability to extract the mean zonal winds in observing periods close to the opposition. A broad collaboration with skilled amateur astronomers opens the possibility to regularly study short- and long-term changes in the jets of Jupiter. We compare the 2011 Jovian wind profile to those previously obtained. The winds did not experience significant short-term changes over 2011 but show noteworthy variations at particular latitudes when compared with wind profiles from previous years. Most of these variations are related to major changes in the cloud morphology of the planet, in particular at 7{deg}N where an intense eastward jet varies around 40m/s in its intensity according to the development or not of the "dark projection" features, confirming previous results.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/594/A50
- Title:
- K2-30 b and K2-34 b K2 light curves
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/594/A50
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the discovery of the two hot Jupiters K2-30 b and K2-34 b. The two planets were detected during campaigns 4 and 5 of the extension of the Kepler mission, K2; they transit their main-sequence stars with periods of ~4.099 and ~2.996 days. Subsequent ground-based radial velocity follow-up with SOPHIE, HARPS-N, and CAFE established the planetary nature of the transiting objects. We analyzed the transit signal, radial velocity, and spectral energy distributions of the two systems to characterize their properties. Both planets (K2-30 b and K2-34 b) are bloated hot Jupiters (1.20R_Jup_ and 1.22R_Jup_) around relatively bright (V=13.5 and V=11.5) slow rotating main-sequence (G8 and F9) stars. Thus, these systems are good candidates for detecting the Rossiter-MacLaughlin effect in order to measure their obliquity and for atmospheric studies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/601/A128
- Title:
- K2-19b and K2-19c radial velocity curves
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/601/A128
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present radial velocity follow-up observations of K2-19,a compact planetary system hosting three planets, of which the two larger ones, K2-19b and K2-19c, are close to the 3:2 mean motion resonance. An analysis considering only the radial velocity measurements detects K2-19b, the larger and more massive planet in the system, with a mass of 54.8+/-7.5M_{earth}_ provides a marginal detection of K2-19c, with a mass of Mc,=5.9^+7.6^_-4.3_M_{earth}_. We also used the TRADES code to simultaneously model both our RV measurements and the existing transit timing measurements. We derived a mass of 54.4+/-8.9M_{earth}_ for K2-19b and of 7.5^+3.0^_-1.4_M_{earth}_ for K2-19c. For K2-19b, these masses are consistent with a previous determination that was principally based on a photodynamical analysis of the K2-19 light curve. Differences remain mainly in the mass determination of the more lightweight planet, driven likely by the limited precision of the RV measurements and possibly some as yet unrecognized systematics.
297. K2-19b light curve
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/582/A33
- Title:
- K2-19b light curve
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/582/A33
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The K2 mission has recently begun to discover new and diverse planetary systems. In December 2014 Campaign 1 data from the mission was released, providing high-precision photometry for ~22000 objects over an 80 day timespan. We searched these data with the aim of detecting further important new objects. Our search through two separate pipelines led to the independent discovery of K2-19b & c, a two-planet system of Neptune sized objects (4.2 and 7.2R_{earth}_), orbiting a K dwarf extremely close to the 3:2 mean motion resonance. The two planets each show transits, sometimes simultaneously due to their proximity to resonance and alignment of conjunctions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/612/A95
- Title:
- K2-141 b radial velocity and light curve
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/612/A95
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on the discovery of K2-141 b (EPIC 246393474 b), an ultra-short-period super-Earth on a 6.7-hour orbit transiting an active K7 V star based on data from K2 campaign 12. We confirmed the planet's existence and measured its mass with a series of follow-up observations: seeing-limited MuSCAT imaging, NESSI high-resolution speckle observations, and FIES and HARPS high-precision radial-velocity monitoring. K2-141 b has a mass of 5.31+/-0.46M_{Earth}_ and radius of 1.54+0.10-0.09R_{Earth}_, yielding a mean density of 8.00^+1.83^_-1.45_g/cm^3^ and suggesting a rocky-iron composition. Models indicate that iron cannot exceed ~70% of the total mass. With an orbital period of only 6.7 hours, K2-141 b is the shortest-period planet known to date with a precisely determined mass.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/805/175
- Title:
- Keck and APF radial velocities of HD7924
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/805/175
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the discovery of two super-Earth-mass planets orbiting the nearby K0.5 dwarf HD 7924, which was previously known to host one small planet. The new companions have masses of 7.9 and 6.4M_{Earth}_, and orbital periods of 15.3 and 24.5 days. We perform a joint analysis of high-precision radial velocity data from Keck/HIRES and the new Automated Planet Finder Telescope (APF) to robustly detect three total planets in the system. We refine the ephemeris of the previously known planet using 5yr of new Keck data and high-cadence observations over the last 1.3yr with the APF. With this new ephemeris, we show that a previous transit search for the inner-most planet would have covered 70% of the predicted ingress or egress times. Photometric data collected over the last eight years using the Automated Photometric Telescope shows no evidence for transits of any of the planets, which would be detectable if the planets transit and their compositions are hydrogen-dominated. We detect a long-period signal that we interpret as the stellar magnetic activity cycle since it is strongly correlated with the CaII H and K activity index. We also detect two additional short-period signals that we attribute to rotationally modulated starspots and a one-month alias. The high-cadence APF data help to distinguish between the true orbital periods and aliases caused by the window function of the Keck data. The planets orbiting HD 7924 are a local example of the compact, multi-planet systems that the Kepler Mission found in great abundance.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/582/A17
- Title:
- Keck+HIRES spectra of HD 80606 and HD 80607
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/582/A17
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We explore the probable chemical signature of planet formation in the remarkable binary system HD 80606/7. The star HD 80606 hosts a giant planet with 4 MJup detected by both transit and radial velocity techniques. We study condensation temperature Tc trends of volatile and refractory element abundances to determine whether there is a depletion of refractories that could be related to the terrestrial planet formation. Finally, we speculate about a possible planet around the star HD 80607.