- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/587/A64
- Title:
- Physical properties of giant exoplanets
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/587/A64
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- While giant extrasolar planets have been studied for more than two decades now, there are still some open questions as to their dominant formation and migration processes, as well as to their atmospheric evolution in different stellar environments. In this paper, we study a sample of giant transiting exoplanets detected by the Kepler telescope with orbital periods up to 400 days. We first defined a sample of 129 giant-planet candidates that we followed up with the SOPHIE spectrograph (OHP, France) in a 6-year radial velocity campaign. This allowed us to unveil the nature of these candidates and to measure a false-positive rate of 54.6+/-6.5% for giant-planet candidates orbiting within 400 days of period. Based on a sample of confirmed or likely planets, we then derived the occurrence rates of giant planets in different ranges of orbital periods. The overall occurrence rate of giant planets within 400 days is 4.6+/-0.6%. We recovered, for the first time in the Kepler data, the different populations of giant planets reported by radial velocity surveys. Comparing these rates with other yields, we find that the occurrence rate of giant planets is lower only for hot Jupiters but not for the longer-period planets. We also derive a first measurement of the occurrence rate of brown dwarfs in the brown-dwarf desert with a value of 0.29+/-0.17%. Finally, we discuss the physical properties of the giant planets in our sample. We confirm that giant planets receiving moderate irradiation are not inflated, but we find that they are on average smaller than predicted by formation and evolution models. In this regime of low-irradiated giant planets, we find a possible correlation between their bulk density and the iron abundance of the host star, which needs more detections to be confirmed.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/742/L19
- Title:
- Physics of Kepler hot rocky planetary candidates
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/742/L19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper outlines a simple approach to evaluate the atmospheric composition of hot rocky planets by assuming different types of planetary composition and using corresponding model calculations. To explore hot atmospheres above 1000K, we model the vaporization of silicate magma and estimate the range of atmospheric compositions according to the planet's radius and semi-major axis for the Kepler 2011 February data release. Our results show five atmospheric types for hot, rocky super-Earth atmospheres, strongly dependent on the initial composition and the planet's distance to the star. We provide a simple set of parameters that can be used to evaluate atmospheric compositions for current and future candidates provided by the Kepler mission and other searches.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/222/14
- Title:
- Planetary candidates from 1st yr K2 mission
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/222/14
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Kepler Space Telescope is currently searching for planets transiting stars along the ecliptic plane as part of its extended K2 mission. We processed the publicly released data from the first year of K2 observations (Campaigns 0, 1, 2, and 3) and searched for periodic eclipse signals consistent with planetary transits. Out of the 59174 targets that we searched, we detect 234 planetary candidates around 208 stars. These candidates range in size from gas giants to smaller than the Earth, and range in orbital periods from hours to over a month. We conducted initial reconnaissance spectroscopy of 68 of the brighter candidate host stars, and present high-resolution optical spectra for these stars. We make all of our data products, including light curves, spectra, and vetting diagnostics available to users online.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/605/A72
- Title:
- Planetary systems AMD-stability
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/605/A72
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present here in full detail the evolution of the angular momentum deficit (AMD) during collisions as it was described in (Laskar 2000, Physical Review Letters, 84, 3240). Since then, the AMD has been revealed to be a key parameter for the understanding of the outcome of planetary formation models. We define here the AMD-stability criterion that can be easily verified on a newly discovered planetary system. We show how AMD-stability can be used to establish a classification of the multiplanet systems in order to exhibit the planetary systems that are long-term stable because they are AMD-stable, and those that are AMD- unstable which then require some additional dynamical studies to conclude on their stability. The AMD-stability classification is applied to the 131 multiplanet systems from The Extrasolar Planet Encyclopaedia database (exoplanet.eu) for which the orbital elements are sufficiently well known.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/538/A112
- Title:
- Planetary transit candidates in CoRoT LRa01 field
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/538/A112
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- CoRoT is a pioneering space mission whose primary goals are stellar seismology and extrasolar planets search. Its surveys of large stellar fields generate numerous planetary candidates whose lightcurves have transit-like features. An extensive analytical and observational follow-up effort is undertaken to classify these candidates.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/539/A14
- Title:
- Planetary transit candidates in CoRoT SRc01 field
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/539/A14
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The space mission CoRoT is devoted to the analysis of stellar variability and the photometric detection of extrasolar planets. We present the list of planetary transit candidates detected in the first short run observed by CoRoT that targeted SRc01, towards the Galactic center in the direction of Aquila, which lasted from April to May 2007.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/508/1011
- Title:
- Planetary transit of TrES-1 and TrES-2
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/508/1011
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The aim of this work is a detailed analysis of transit light curves from TrES-1 and TrES-2, obtained over a period of three to four years, in order to search for variabilities in observed mid-transit times and to set limits for the presence of additional third bodies. Using the IAC 80cm telescope, we observed transits of TrES-1 and TrES-2 over several years. Based on these new data and previously published work, we studied the observed light curves and searched for variations in the difference between observed and calculated (based on a fixed ephemeris) transit times. To model possible transit timing variations, we used polynomials of different orders, simulated O-C diagrams corresponding to a perturbing third mass and sinusoidal fits. For each model we calculated the chi-squared residuals and the False Alarm Probability (FAP). For TrES-1 we can exclude planetary companions (>1M_{earth}_) in the 3:2 and 2:1 MMRs having high FAPs based on our transit observations from ground. Additionally, the presence of a light time effect caused by e.g. a 0.09M_{sun}_ mass star at a distance of 7.8AU is possible. As for TrES-2, we found a better ephemeris of Tc=2453957.63512(28)+2.4706101(18)xEpoch and a good fit for a sine function with a period of 0.2days, compatible with a moon around TrES-2 and an amplitude of 57s, but it was not a uniquely low chi-squared value that would indicate a clear signal. In both cases, TrES-1 and TrES-2, we were able to put upper limits on the presence of additional perturbers masses. We also conclude that any sinusoidal variations that might be indicative of exomoons need to be confirmed with higher statistical significance by further observations, noting that TrES-2 is in the field-of-view of the Kepler Space Telescope.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/408/1494
- Title:
- Planetary transits of TrES-2 and TrES-3
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/408/1494
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the first extrasolar planet observations from the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). We used the Optical System for Imaging and low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy (OSIRIS) tunable filter imager on the GTC to acquire high-precision, narrow-band photometry of the transits of the giant exoplanets, TrES-2b and TrES-3b. We obtained near-simultaneous observations in two near-infrared wavelengths (790.2 and 794.4nm). We provide normalized flux ratios for each target, where the flux ratio is defined as the target flux divided by the total combined flux from several non-variable reference stars. The flux ratios have been normalized against the baseline (out-of-transit) flux ratio for each target. We provide normalized flux ratios for each target, where the flux ratio is defined as the target flux divided by the total combined flux from several non-variable reference stars. The flux ratios have been normalized against the baseline (out-of-transit) flux ratio for each target.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/705/1226
- Title:
- Planet-bearing stars in Spitzer
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/705/1226
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using the MIPS camera on the Spitzer Space Telescope, we have searched for debris disks around 104 stars known from radial velocity studies to have one or more planets. Combining this new data with 42 already published observations of planet-bearing stars, we find that 14 of the 146 systems have IR excess at 24 and/or 70um. Only one star, HD 69830, has IR excess exclusively at 24um, indicative of warm dust in the inner system analogous to that produced by collisions in the solar system's asteroid belt. For the other 13 stars with IR excess the emission is stronger at 70um, consistent with cool dust (<100K) located beyond 10AU, well outside of the orbital location of the known planets.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/226/7
- Title:
- Planet candidates discovered using K2's 1st yr
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/226/7
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present 197 planet candidates discovered using data from the first year of the NASA K2 mission (Campaigns 0-4), along with the results of an intensive program of photometric analyses, stellar spectroscopy, high-resolution imaging, and statistical validation. We distill these candidates into sets of 104 validated planets (57 in multi-planet systems), 30 false positives, and 63 remaining candidates. Our validated systems span a range of properties, with median values of R_P_=2.3R_{Earth}_, P=8.6 days, Teff=5300K, and Kp=12.7mag. Stellar spectroscopy provides precise stellar and planetary parameters for most of these systems. We show that K2 has increased by 30% the number of small planets known to orbit moderately bright stars (1-4R_{Earth}_, Kp=9-13mag). Of particular interest are 76 planets smaller than 2R_{Earth}_, 15 orbiting stars brighter than Kp=11.5mag, 5 receiving Earth-like irradiation levels, and several multi-planet systems-including 4 planets orbiting the M dwarf K2-72 near mean-motion resonances. By quantifying the likelihood that each candidate is a planet we demonstrate that our candidate sample has an overall false positive rate of 15%-30%, with rates substantially lower for small candidates (<2R_{Earth}_) and larger for candidates with radii >8R_{Earth}_ and/or with P<3days. Extrapolation of the current planetary yield suggests that K2 will discover between 500 and 1000 planets in its planned four-year mission, assuming sufficient follow-up resources are available. Efficient observing and analysis, together with an organized and coherent follow-up strategy, are essential for maximizing the efficacy of planet-validation efforts for K2, TESS, and future large-scale surveys.