- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/54
- Title:
- New Taurus members from stellar to planetary masses
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/158/54
- Date:
- 06 Dec 2021 11:31:43
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a large sample of new members of the Taurus star-forming region that extend from stellar to planetary masses. To identify candidate members at substellar masses, we have used color-magnitude diagrams and proper motions measured with several wide-field optical and infrared (IR) surveys. At stellar masses, we have considered the candidate members that were found in a recent analysis of high-precision astrometry from the Gaia mission. Using new and archival spectra, we have measured spectral types and assessed membership for these 161 candidates, 79 of which are classified as new members. Our updated census of Taurus now contains 519 known members. According to Gaia data, this census should be nearly complete for spectral types earlier than M6-M7 at A_J_<1. For a large field encompassing ~72% of the known members, the census should be complete for K<15.7 at A_J_<1.5, which corresponds to ~5-13 M_Jup_ for ages of 1-10 Myr based on theoretical evolutionary models. Our survey has doubled the number of known members at >=M9 and has uncovered the faintest known member in M_K_, which should have a mass of ~3-10 M_Jup_ for ages of 1-10 Myr. We have used mid-IR photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer to determine whether the new members exhibit excess emission that would indicate the presence of circumstellar disks. The updated disk fraction for Taurus is ~0.7 at =<M3.5 and ~0.4 at >M3.5.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASP/130/L4101
- Title:
- NGC 2112, 2477, 7789 and Col 261 members
- Short Name:
- J/PASP/130/L4101
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Membership determination of open clusters in high-noise environments is still an open question. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) in segregating likely cluster members of open clusters in high-noise environments. We use the GMM method to segregate likely cluster members of four low Galactic latitude open clusters: NGC 2112, NGC 2477, NGC 7789, and Collinder 261, based on the high-precision astrometric data of the Gaia Data Release 2 (Gaia-DR2). The GMM method is used to calculate the membership probabilities of the stars in the field of each cluster; five astrometric parameters (positions, parallaxes, and proper motions) are taken into account. We quantitatively evaluate the goodness of the cluster-field segregation for each cluster, and find that the GMM method is effective for segregating likely cluster members of these clusters, even if these clusters suffer from heavy field star contamination. We estimate the distances and absolute proper motions of these clusters using reliable cluster members; our results suggest the existence of a significant zero-point offset in Gaia-DR2 parallaxes. NGC 2112, NGC 2477, NGC 7789, and Collinder 261 are found to have a mean distance of <D>=1104+/-4, 1437+/-2, 2067+/-4 and 2802+/-21pc, respectively. Mean proper motions of (<{mu}_{alpha}_cos{delta}>, <{mu}_{delta}_>)=(-2.714+/-0.012, 4.272+/-0.012), (-2.449+/-0.006, 0.876+/-0.006), (-0.919+/-0.004, -1.938+/-0.004), and (-6.348+/-0.006, -2.714+/-0.006)mas/yr are determined for NGC 2112, NGC 2477, NGC 7789, and Collinder 261, respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/112/1438
- Title:
- NGC 205 BVRI photometry
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/112/1438
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- BVRI/CCD photometry of ~2,300 stars in the central 2.2'x3.5' area of the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC205 in the Local Group is presented. The color-magnitude diagrams of NGC 205 show: (1) a blue plume around (B-V)~0.0mag, extending up to V~19.3mag (M_V_~-5.4mag); and (2) a strong asymptotic giant branch (AGB) population, the brightest of which reaches I~19.0mag, 1.5 mag brighter than the tip of the red giant branch. BVRI photometry of three globular clusters (Hubble IV. V, and VI) is also presented. Hubble V is much bluer [(B-V)=0.37] than other globular clusters. This blue color of Hubble V leads to an estimate of the age, ~300Myrs. A V luminosity function for the blue stars has been derived: the logarithmic slope of the luminosity function for -5.7<M_V_<-3.2 is 0.64+/-0.12, which is similar to those of other nearby galaxies. The AGB stars extend to Mbol~-5.7mag, which is ~0.7mag brighter than those in NGC 185. The bolometric luminosity function of the AGB stars in NGC 205 is found to be flatter than that of the similar dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 185, but similar to that of a bulge field 4' of the nucleus of M31. Surface photometry for the central area within R=50" is presented, showing that the colors get bluer as the galactocentric radius decreases except for the nucleus region within R=1.6" where the colors get redder inward. Star formation history in NGC 205 is briefly discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/634/A51
- Title:
- NGC 330 seen by MUSE
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/634/A51
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A majority of massive stars are part of binary systems, a large fraction of which will inevitably interact during their lives. Binary-interaction products (BiPs), i.e. stars affected by such interaction, are expected to be commonly present in stellar populations. BiPs are thus a crucial ingredient in the understanding of stellar evolution. We aim to identify and characterize a statistically significant sample of BiPs by studying clusters of 10-40Myr, an age at which binary population models predict the abundance of BiPs to be highest. One example of such a cluster is NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud. Using MUSE WFM-AO observations of NGC 330, we resolve the dense cluster core for the first time and are able to extract spectra of its entire massive star population. We develop an automated spectral classification scheme based on the equivalent widths of spectral lines in the red part of the spectrum. We characterize the massive star content of the core of NGC 330 which contains more than 200 B stars, 2 O stars, 6 A-type supergiants and 11 red supergiants. We find a lower limit on the Be star fraction of 32+/-3% in the whole sample. It increases to at least 46+/-10% when only considering stars brighter than V=17mag. We estimate an age of the cluster core between 35 and 40Myr and a total cluster mass of 88^+17^_-18_*10^3M_{sun}_. We find that the population in the cluster core is different than the population in the outskirts: while the stellar content in the core appears to be older than the stars in the outskirts, the Be star fraction and the observed binary fraction are significantly higher. Furthermore, we detect several BiP candidates that will be subject of future studies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/652/A70
- Title:
- NGC 330 seen by MUSE. II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/652/A70
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Observations of massive stars in open clusters younger than 8 Myr have shown that a majority of them are in binary systems, most of which will interact during their life. While these can be used as a proxy of the initial multiplicity properties, studying populations of massive stars older than ~20Myr allows us to probe the outcome of such interactions after a significant number of systems have experienced mass and angular momentum transfer and possibly even merged. Using multi-epoch integral-field spectroscopy, we aim to investigate the multiplicity properties of the massive-star population in the dense core of the ~40Myr-old cluster NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud in order to search for possible imprints of stellar evolution on the multiplicity properties. We obtained six epochs of VLT/MUSE observations operated in wide-field mode with the extended wavelength setup and supported by adaptive optics.We extract spectra and measure radial velocities for stars brighter than m_F814W_=19. We identify single-lined spectroscopic binaries through significant RV variability with a peak-to-peak amplitude larger than 20km/s. We also identify double-lined spectroscopic binaries, and quantify the observational biases for binary detection. In particular, we take into account that binary systems with similar line strength are difficult to detect in our data set. The observed spectroscopic binary fraction among the stars brighter than m_F814W_=19 (~5.5M_{sun}_ on the main sequence) is f^obs^_SB_=13.2+/-2:0%. Considering period and mass ratio ranges from log(P)=0.15-3.5 (about 1.4 to 3160d), and q=0.1-1.0, and a representative set of orbital parameter distributions, we find a bias-corrected close binary fraction of f_cl_=34^+8^_-7_%. This fraction seems to decline for the fainter stars, which indicates either that the close binary fraction drops in the B-type domain, or that the period distribution becomes more heavily weighted towards longer orbital periods.We further find that both fractions vary strongly in different regions of the color-magnitude diagram that corresponds to different evolutionary stages. This probably reveals the imprint of the binary history of different groups of stars. In particular, we find that the observed spectroscopic binary fraction of Be stars (f^obs^_SB_=2+/-2%) is significantly lower than the one of B-type stars (f^obs^_SB_=9+/-2%). In this work we provide the first homogeneous RV study of a large sample of B-type stars at a low metallicity ([Fe/H]<~-1.0). The overall bias-corrected close binary fraction (log(P)<3.5d) of the B-star population in NGC 330 is lower than the one reported for younger Galactic and LMC clusters in previous works. More data are, however, needed to establish whether the observed differences result from an age or a metallicity effect.
46. NGC 6067 stars
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/469/1330
- Title:
- NGC 6067 stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/469/1330
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- NGC 6067 is a young open cluster hosting the largest population of evolved stars among known Milky Way clusters in the 50-150Ma age range. It thus represents the best laboratory in our Galaxy to constrain the evolutionary tracks of 5-7M_{sun}_ stars. We have used high-resolution spectra of a large sample of bright cluster members (45), combined with archival photometry, to obtain accurate parameters for the cluster as well as stellar atmospheric parameters. We derive a distance of 1.78+/-0.12 kpc, an age of 90+/-20Ma and a tidal radius of 14.8^+6.8^_-3.2_ arcmin. We estimate an initial mass above 5700M_{sun}_, for a present-day evolved population of two Cepheids, two A supergiants and 12 red giants with masses ~=6M_{sun}_. We also determine chemical abundances of Li, O, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Ni, Rb, Y and Ba for the red clump stars. We find a supersolar metallicity, [Fe/H]=+0.19+/-0.05, and a homogeneous chemical composition, consistent with the Galactic metallicity gradient. The presence of a Li-rich red giant, star 276 with A(Li)=2.41, is also detected. An overabundance of Ba is found, supporting the enhanced s-process. The ratio of yellow to red giants is much smaller than 1, in agreement with models with moderate overshooting, but the properties of the cluster Cepheids do not seem consistent with current Padova models for supersolar metallicity.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/588/A148
- Title:
- NGC 6397 stars MUSE spectra
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/588/A148
- Date:
- 23 Mar 2022 16:26:54
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We demonstrate the high multiplex advantage of crowded field 3D spectroscopy with the new integral field spectrograph MUSE by means of a spectroscopic analysis of more than 12000 individual stars in the globular cluster NGC 6397. The stars are deblended with a point spread function fitting technique, using a photometric reference catalogue from HST as prior, including relative positions and brightnesses. This catalogue is also used for a first analysis of the extracted spectra, followed by an automatic in-depth analysis via a full-spectrum fitting method based on a large grid of PHOENIX spectra. We analysed the largest sample so far available for a single globular cluster of 18 932 spectra from 12 307 stars in NGC 6397. We derived a mean radial velocity of v_rad_=17.84+/-0.07km/s and a mean metallicity of [Fe/H]=-2.120+/-0.002, with the latter seemingly varying with temperature for stars on the red giant branch (RGB). We determine Teff and [Fe/H] from the spectra, and log g from HST photometry. This is the first very comprehensive Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD) for a globular cluster based on the analysis of several thousands of stellar spectra, ranging from the main sequence to the tip of the RGB. Furthermore, two interesting objects were identified; one is a post-AGB star and the other is a possible millisecond-pulsar companion.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/631/A14
- Title:
- NGC 2808 stellar population spectra
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/631/A14
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Galactic globular clusters (GCs) are now known to host multiple populations displaying particular abundance variations. The different populations within a GC can be well distinguished following their position in the pseudo two-colors diagrams, also referred to as "chromosome maps". These maps are constructed using optical and near-UV photometry available from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) UV survey of GCs. However, the chemical tagging of the various populations in the chromosome maps is hampered by the fact that HST photometry and elemental abundances are both available only for a limited number of stars. The spectra collected as part of the MUSE survey of globular clusters provide a spectroscopic counterpart to the HST photometric catalogs covering the central regions of GCs. In this paper, we use the MUSE spectra of 1155 red giant branch (RGB) stars in NGC 2808 to characterize the abundance variations seen in the multiple populations of this cluster. We use the chromosome map of NGC 2808 to divide the RGB stars into their respective populations. We then combine the spectra of all stars belonging to a given population, resulting in one high signal-to-noise ratio spectrum representative of each population. Variations in the spectral lines of O, Na, Mg, and Al are clearly detected among four of the populations. In order to quantify these variations, we measured equivalent width differences and created synthetic populations spectra that were used to determine abundance variations with respect to the primordial population of the cluster. Our results are in good agreement with the values expected from previous studies based on high-resolution spectroscopy. We do not see any significant variations in the spectral lines of Ca, K, and Ba. We also do not detect abundance variations among the stars belonging to the primordial population of NGC 2808.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/562/303
- Title:
- Old Stellar Populations of the SMC
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/562/303
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Photometry is given for six data sets of SMC photometry, all in the V and I bands. Field names in the file summary below are the names used in the STScI archive for the WFPC2 observations. WFPC2 observations of NGC 121 and the SMC fields reach limiting magnitudes of V=26 and I=25.5; ground-based observations cover a square region of 14.5 arcmin on a side and reach V=25.5 and I=24.5.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/116/1
- Title:
- Old Stellar Populations. VI. Absorption-Line
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/116/1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present absorption-line strengths on the Lick/IDS line-strength system of 381 galaxies and 38 globular clusters in the 4000--6400 angstrom region. All galaxies were observed at Lick Observatory between 1972 and 1984 with the Cassegrain Image Dissector Scanner spectrograph, making this study one of the largest homogeneous collections of galaxy spectral line data to date. We also present a catalogue of nuclear velocity dispersions used to correct the absorption-line strengths onto the stellar Lick/IDS system. Extensive discussion of both random and systematic errors of the Lick/IDS system is provided. Indices are seen to fall into three families: alpha-element-like indices (including CN, Mg, Na D, and TiO2) that correlate positively with velocity dispersion; Fe-like indices (including Ca, the G band, TiO1, and all Fe indices) that correlate only weakly with velocity dispersion and the alpha indices; and Hbeta which anti-correlates with both velocity dispersion and the alpha indices. C2 4668 seems to be intermediate between the alpha and Fe groups. These groupings probably represent different element abundance families with different nucleosynthesis histories.
