- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/436/430
- Title:
- SCUBA-2 cosmology legacy survey
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/436/430
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the multiwavelength properties of a sample of 450-{mu}m-selected sources from the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey. A total of 69 sources were identified above 4{sigma} in deep SCUBA-2 450-{mu}m observations overlapping the UDS and COSMOS fields and covering 210arcmin^2^ to a typical depth of {sigma}_450_=1.5mJy. Reliable cross-identifications are found for 58 sources (84 percent) in Spitzer and Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/IR data. The photometric redshift distribution (dN/dz) of 450-{mu}m-selected sources is presented, showing a broad peak in the redshift range 1<z<3 and a median of z=1.4. Combining the SCUBA-2 photometry with Herschel SPIRE data from HerMES, the submm spectral energy distribution (SED) is examined via the use of modified blackbody fits, yielding aggregate values for the IR luminosity, dust temperature and emissivity of <L_IR_>=10^12^+/-0.8L_{sun}_, <T_D_>=42+/-11K and <{beta}_D_>=1.6+/-0.5, respectively. The relationship between these SED parameters and the physical properties of galaxies is investigated, revealing correlations between T_D_ and L_IR_ and between {beta}D and both stellar mass and effective radius. The connection between the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass is explored, with 24 percent of 450-{mu}m sources found to be `starbursts', i.e. displaying anomalously high specific SFRs. However, both the number density and observed properties of these `starburst' galaxies are found to be consistent with the population of normal star-forming galaxies.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/465/1789
- Title:
- SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/465/1789
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalogue of ~3000 submillimetre sources detected (>=3.5{sigma}) at 850um over ~5deg^2^ surveyed as part of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey (S2CLS). This is the largest survey of its kind at 850um, increasing the sample size of 850um selected submillimetre galaxies by an order of magnitude. The wide 850um survey component of S2CLS covers the extragalactic fields: UKIDSS-UDS, COSMOS, Akari-NEP, Extended Groth Strip, Lockman Hole North, SSA22 and GOODS-North. The average 1{sigma} depth of S2CLS is 1.2mJy/beam, approaching the SCUBA-2 850um confusion limit, which we determine to be {sigma}_c_~=0.8mJy/beam. We measure the 850um number counts, reducing the Poisson errors on the differential counts to approximately 4 per cent at S850~=3mJy. With several independent fields, we investigate field-to-field variance, finding that the number counts on 0.5{deg}-1{deg} scales are generally within 50 per cent of the S2CLS mean for S850>3mJy, with scatter consistent with the Poisson and estimated cosmic variance uncertainties, although there is a marginal (2{sigma}) density enhancement in GOODS-North. The observed counts are in reasonable agreement with recent phenomenological and semi-analytic models, although determining the shape of the faint-end slope (S850<3mJy) remains a key test. The large solid angle of S2CLS allows us to measure the bright-end counts: at S850>10mJy there are approximately 10 sources per square degree, and we detect the distinctive up-turn in the number counts indicative of the detection of local sources of 850um emission, and strongly lensed high-redshift galaxies. All calibrated maps and the catalogue are made publicly available at https://zenodo.org/record/57792#.W41TsRg68eM .
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/464/3369
- Title:
- SCUBA-2 EGS deep field
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/464/3369
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present deep observations at 450 and 850{mu}m in the Extended Groth Strip field taken with the SCUBA-2 camera mounted on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the deep SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey (S2CLS), achieving a central instrumental depth of {sigma}_450_=1.2mJy/beam and {sigma}_850_=0.2mJy/beam. We detect 57 sources at 450{mu}m and 90 at 850{mu}m with signal-to-noise ratio >3.5 over ~70arcmin^2^. From these detections, we derive the number counts at flux densities S_450_>4.0mJy and S_850_>0.9mJy, which represent the deepest number counts at these wavelengths derived using directly extracted sources from only blank-field observations with a single-dish telescope. Our measurements smoothly connect the gap between previous shallower blank-field single-dish observations and deep interferometric ALMA results. We estimate the contribution of our SCUBA-2 detected galaxies to the cosmic infrared background (CIB), as well as the contribution of 24{mu}m-selected galaxies through a stacking technique, which add a total of 0.26+/-0.03 and 0.07+/-0.01MJy/sr, at 450 and 850{mu}m, respectively. These surface brightnesses correspond to 60+/-20 and 50+/-20 per cent of the total CIB measurements, where the errors are dominated by those of the total CIB. Using the photometric redshifts of the 24{mu}m-selected sample and the redshift distributions of the submillimetre galaxies, we find that the redshift distribution of the recovered CIB is different at each wavelength, with a peak at z~1 for 450{mu}m and at z~2 for 850{mu}m, consistent with previous observations and theoretical models.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/234/22
- Title:
- SCUBA-2 Galactic Center compact source catalog
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/234/22
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new JCMT SCUBA-2 observations of the Galactic Center region from 355{deg}<l<5{deg} and b<+/-1{deg}, covering 10x2 square degrees along the Galactic Plane to a depth of 43mJy/beam at 850{mu}m and 360mJy/beam at 450{mu}m. We describe the mapping strategy and reduction method used. We present ^12^CO(3-2) observations of selected regions in the field. We derive the molecular-line conversion factors (mJy/beam per K.km/s) at 850 and 450{mu}m, which are then used to obtain the amount of contamination in the continuum maps due to ^12^CO(3-2) emission in the 850{mu}m band. Toward the fields where the CO contamination has been accounted for, we present an 850{mu}m CO-corrected compact source catalog. Finally, we look for possible physical trends in the CO contamination with respect to column density, mass, and concentration. No trends were seen in the data despite the recognition of three contributors to CO contamination: opacity, shocks, and temperature, which would be expected to relate to physical conditions. These SCUBA-2 Galactic Center data are available via http://doi.org/10.11570/17.0009.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/458/4321
- Title:
- SCUBA-2 galaxies in 850um survey
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/458/4321
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the properties of the galaxies selected from the deepest 850-{mu}m survey undertaken to date with (Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2) SCUBA-2 on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey. A total of 106 sources (>5{sigma}) were uncovered at 850{mu}m from an area of ~=150 arcmin^2^ in the centre of the COSMOS/UltraVISTA/Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) field, imaged to a typical depth of {sigma}_850_~=0.25mJy. We utilize the available multifrequency data to identify galaxy counterparts for 80 of these sources (75 per cent), and to establish the complete redshift distribution for this sample, yielding . We have also been able to determine the stellar masses of the majority of the galaxy identifications, enabling us to explore their location on the star formation rate:stellar mass (SFR:M*) plane. Crucially, our new deep 850-{mu}m-selected sample reaches flux densities equivalent to SFR~=100M_{sun}_/yr, enabling us to confirm that sub-mm galaxies form the high-mass end of the 'main sequence' (MS) of star-forming galaxies at z>1.5 (with a mean specific SFR of sSFR=2.25+/-0.19Gyr^-1^ at z~=2.5). Our results are consistent with no significant flattening of the MS towards high masses at these redshifts. However, our results add to the growing evidence that average sSFR rises only slowly at high redshift, resulting in log_10_sSFR being an apparently simple linear function of the age of the Universe.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/363/563
- Title:
- SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey. I.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/363/563
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) is a major new blank-field extragalactic submillimetre (submm) survey currently underway at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). Ultimately, SHADES aims to cover half a square degree at 450 and 850um to a 4 depth of 8umJy at 850um. Two fields are being observed, the Subaru/XMMNewton Deep Field (SXDF) (02h18m +05{deg}) and the Lockman Hole East (10h52m+ 57{deg}). The survey has three main aims: (i) to investigate the population of high-redshift submm galaxies and the cosmic history of massive dust-enshrouded star formation activity; (ii) to investigate the clustering properties of submm-selected galaxies in order to determine whether these objects could be progenitors of present-day massive ellipticals; and (iii) to investigate the fraction of submm-selected sources that harbour active galactic nuclei. To achieve these aims requires that the submm data be combined with co-spatial information spanning the radio-to-X-ray frequency range. Accordingly, SHADES has been designed to benefit from ultra-deep radio imaging obtained with the Very Large Array (VLA), deep mid-infrared observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope, submm mapping by the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimetre Telescope (BLAST), deep near-infrared imaging with the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope, deep optical imaging with the Subaru Telescope and deep X-ray observations with the XMMNewton observatory.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/372/1621
- Title:
- SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey. II
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/372/1621
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present maps, source catalogue and number counts of the largest, most complete and unbiased extragalactic submillimetre survey: the 850-m SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES). Using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT), SHADES mapped two separate regions of sky: the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field (SXDF) and the Lockman Hole East (LH). Encompassing 93 per cent of the overall acquired data (i.e. data taken up to 2004 February 1), these SCUBA maps cover 720arcmin^2^ with a rms noise level of about 2mJy and have uncovered >100 submillimetre galaxies. In order to ensure the utmost robustness of the resulting source catalogue, data reduction was independently carried out by four subgroups within the SHADES team, providing an unprecedented degree of reliability with respect to other SCUBA catalogues available from the literature. Individual source lists from the four groups were combined to produce a robust 120-object SHADES catalogue; an invaluable resource for follow-up campaigns aiming to study the properties of a complete and consistent sample of submillimetre galaxies. For the first time, we present deboosted flux densities for each submillimetre galaxy found in a large survey. Extensive simulations and tests were performed separately by each group in order to confirm the robustness of the source candidates and to evaluate the effects of false detections, completeness and flux density boosting. Corrections for these effects were then applied to the data to derive the submillimetre galaxy source counts. SHADES has a high enough number of detected sources that meaningful differential counts can be estimated, unlike most submillimetre surveys which have to consider integral counts. We present differential and integral source number counts and find that the differential counts are better fit with a broken power law or a Schechter function than with a single power law; the SHADES data alone significantly show that a break is required at several mJy, although the precise position of the break is not well constrained. We
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/380/199
- Title:
- SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey. III
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/380/199
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Determining an accurate position for a submillimetre (submm) galaxy (SMG) is the crucial step that enables us to move from the basic properties of an SMG sample source counts and 2D clustering to an assessment of their detailed, multiwavelength properties, their contribution to the history of cosmic star formation and their links with present-day galaxy populations. In this paper, we identify robust radio and/or infrared (IR) counterparts, and hence accurate positions, for over two-thirds of the SCUBA HAlf-Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES) Source Catalogue, presenting optical, 24um and radio images of each SMG.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/379/1571
- Title:
- SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey. IV
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/379/1571
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the redshift distribution of the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) Half Degree Survey (SHADES) galaxy population based on the rest-frame radio-mm-far-infrared (FIR) colours of 120 robustly detected 850um sources in the Lockman Hole East (LH) and Subaru XMM-Newton Deep Field (SXDF). The redshift distribution derived from the full spectral energy distribution (SED) information is shown to be narrower than that determined from the radiosub-mm spectral index, as more photometric bands contribute to a higher redshift accuracy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/784/9
- Title:
- SCUBA-2 high-redshift galaxies sample
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/784/9
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We use the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope's SCUBA-2 camera to image a 400 arcmin^2^ area surrounding the GOODS-N field. The 850 {mu}m rms noise ranges from a value of 0.49 mJy in the central region to 3.5 mJy at the outside edge. From these data, we construct an 850 {mu}m source catalog to 2 mJy containing 49 sources detected above the 4{sigma} level. We use an ultradeep (11.5 {mu}Jy at 5{sigma}) 1.4 GHz image obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array together with observations made with the Submillimeter Array to identify counterparts to the submillimeter galaxies. For most cases of multiple radio counterparts, we can identify the correct counterpart from new and existing Submillimeter Array data. We have spectroscopic redshifts for 62% of the radio sources in the 9' radius highest sensitivity region (556/894) and 67% of the radio sources in the GOODS-N region (367/543). We supplement these with a modest number of additional photometric redshifts in the GOODS-N region (30). We measure millimetric redshifts from the radio to submillimeter flux ratios for the unidentified submillimeter sample, assuming an Arp 220 spectral energy distribution. We find a radio-flux-dependent K-z relation for the radio sources, which we use to estimate redshifts for the remaining radio sources. We determine the star formation rates (SFRs) of the submillimeter sources based on their radio powers and their submillimeter fluxes and find that they agree well. The radio data are deep enough to detect star-forming galaxies with SFRs>2000 M_{sun}_/yr to z~6. We find galaxies with SFRs up to ~6000 M_{sun}_/yr over the redshift range z=1.5-6, but we see evidence for a turn-down in the SFR distribution function above 2000 M_{sun}_/yr.
