- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/682/199
- Title:
- Globulars with X-ray sources in NGC 5128
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/682/199
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We detect 353 X-ray point sources, mostly low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), in four Chandra observations of Centaurus A (NGC 5128), the nearest giant early-type galaxy, and correlate this point-source population with the largest available ensemble of confirmed and likely globular clusters (GCs) associated with this galaxy. Of the X-ray sources, 31 are coincident with 30 GCs that are confirmed members of the galaxy by radial velocity measurement (two X-ray sources match one GC within our search radius), while one X-ray source coincides with a GC resolved by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. Another 36 X-ray point sources match probable, but spectroscopically unconfirmed, GC candidates.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/602/A31
- Title:
- G29.37+0.1 610MHz image
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/602/A31
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on the first detailed multiwavelength study of the radio source G29.37+0.1, which is an as-yet-unclassified object linked to the very-high-energy gamma-emitting source HESS J1844-030. The origin of the multiwavelength emission toward G29.37+0.1 has not been clarified so far, leaving open the question about the physical relationship between these sources. Using observations carried out with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), we performed high-quality full-synthesis imaging at 610MHz of the field containing G29.37+0.1. The obtained data, combined with observations at 1400MHz from the MAGPIS were used to investigate in detail the properties of its radio emission. Additionally, we reprocessed archival data obtained with the XMM-Newton and Chandra observatories in order to get a multiwavelength view of this unusual source. The radio source G29.37+0.1 mainly consists of a bright twisted structure, named the S-shaped feature. The high sensitivity of the new GMRT observations allowed the identification of potential lobes, jets and a nuclear central region in the S-shaped morphology of G29.37+0.1. We also highlight the detection of diffuse and low surface brightness emission enveloping the brightest emitting regions. The brightest emission in G29.37+0.1 has a radio synchrotron spectral index alpha=0.59+/-0.09. Variations in the spectral behaviour are observed across the whole radio source with the flattest spectral features in the central nuclear and jets components (alpha~0.3). These results lead us to conclude that the brightest radio emission from G29.37+0.1 likely represents a newly recognized radio galaxy. The identification of optical and infrared counterparts to the emission arising from the core of G29.37+0.1 strengthens our interpretation of an extragalactic origin of the radio emission. We performed several tests to explain the physical mechanism responsible for the observed X-ray emission, which appears overlapping the northeastern part of the radio emission. Our spectral analysis demonstrated that a non-thermal origin for the X-ray emission compatible with a pulsar wind nebula is quite possible. The analysis of the spatial distribution of the CO gas revealed the presence of a complex of molecular clouds located in projection adjacent to the radio halo emission and probably interacting with it. We propose that the faint halo represents a composite supernova remnant with a pulsar powered component given by the diffuse X-ray emission superimposed along the line of sight to the radio galaxy. Further broadband observations of HESS J1844-030 are needed to disentangle its origin, although its shape and position suggest an extragalactic origin connected to G29.37+0.1.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/790/49
- Title:
- Gould's Belt VLA survey. III. Orion region
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/790/49
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present results from a high-sensitivity (60{mu}Jy), large-scale (2.26deg^2^) survey obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array as part of the Gould's Belt Survey program. We detected 374 and 354 sources at 4.5 and 7.5GHz, respectively. Of these, 148 are associated with previously known young stellar objects (YSOs). Another 86 sources previously unclassified at either optical or infrared wavelengths exhibit radio properties that are consistent with those of young stars. The overall properties of our sources at radio wavelengths such as their variability and radio to X-ray luminosity relation are consistent with previous results from the Gould's Belt Survey. Our detections provide target lists for follow-up Very Long Baseline Array radio observations to determine their distances as YSOs are located in regions of high nebulosity and extinction, making it difficult to measure optical parallaxes.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/805/9
- Title:
- Gould's Belt VLA Survey. II. Serpens region
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/805/9
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present deep (~17{mu}Jy) radio continuum observations of the Serpens molecular cloud, the Serpens south cluster, and the W40 region obtained using the Very Large Array in its A configuration. We detect a total of 146 sources, 29 of which are young stellar objects (YSOs), 2 of which are BV stars, and 5 more of which are associated with phenomena related to YSOs. Based on their radio variability and spectral index, we propose that about 16 of the remaining 110 unclassified sources are also YSOs. For approximately 65% of the known YSOs detected here as radio sources, the emission is most likely non-thermal and related to stellar coronal activity. As also recently observed in Ophiuchus, our sample of YSOs with X-ray counterparts lies below the fiducial Guedel & Benz (1993ApJ...405L..63G) relation. Finally, we analyze the proper motions of nine sources in the W40 region. This allows us to better constrain the membership of the radio sources in the region.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/775/63
- Title:
- Gould's Belt VLA Survey. I. Ophiuchus complex
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/775/63
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present large-scale (~2000arcmin^2^), deep (~20{mu}Jy), high-resolution (~1") radio observations of the Ophiuchus star-forming complex obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array at {lambda}=4 and 6cm. In total, 189 sources were detected, 56 of them associated with known young stellar sources, and 4 with known extragalactic objects; the other 129 remain unclassified, but most of them are most probably background quasars. The vast majority of the young stars detected at radio wavelengths have spectral types K or M, although we also detect four objects of A/F/B types and two brown dwarf candidates. At least half of these young stars are non-thermal (gyrosynchrotron) sources, with active coronas characterized by high levels of variability, negative spectral indices, and (in some cases) significant circular polarization. As expected, there is a clear tendency for the fraction of non-thermal sources to increase from the younger (Class 0/I or flat spectrum) to the more evolved (Class III or weak line T Tauri) stars. The young stars detected both in X-rays and at radio wavelengths broadly follow a Gudel-Benz relation, but with a different normalization than the most radioactive types of stars. Finally, we detect a ~70mJy compact extragalactic source near the center of the Ophiuchus core, which should be used as gain calibrator for any future radio observations of this region.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/814/1
- Title:
- GRB 120326A, 100418A & 100901A multi-wavelength obs.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/814/1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present multi-wavelength observations and modeling of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that exhibit a simultaneous re-brightening in their X-ray and optical light curves, and are also detected at radio wavelengths. We show that the re-brightening episodes can be modeled by injection of energy into the blastwave and that in all cases the energy injection rate falls within the theoretical bounds expected for a distribution of energy with ejecta Lorentz factor. Our measured values of the circumburst density, jet opening angle, and beaming-corrected kinetic energy are consistent with the distribution of these parameters for long-duration GRBs at both z~1 and z>~6, suggesting that the jet launching mechanism and environment of these events are similar to that of GRBs that do not have bumps in their light curves. However, events exhibiting re-brightening episodes have lower radiative efficiencies than average, suggesting that a majority of the kinetic energy of the outflow is carried by slow-moving ejecta, which is further supported by steep measured distributions of the ejecta energy as a function of Lorentz factor. We do not find evidence for reverse shocks over the energy injection period, implying that the onset of energy injection is a gentle process. We further show that GRBs exhibiting simultaneous X-ray and optical re-brightenings are likely the tail of a distribution of events with varying rates of energy injection, forming the most extreme events in their class. Future X-ray observations of GRB afterglows with Swift and its successors will thus likely discover several more such events, while radio follow-up and multi-wavelength modeling of similar events will unveil the role of energy injection in GRB afterglows.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/428/729
- Title:
- GRB Swift X-ray light curves analysis
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/428/729
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a comprehensive statistical analysis of Swift X-ray light curves of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) collecting data from more than 650 GRBs discovered by Swift and other facilities. The unprecedented sample size allows us to constrain the rest-frame X-ray properties of GRBs from a statistical perspective, with particular reference to intrinsic time-scales and the energetics of the different light-curve phases in a common rest-frame 0.3-30keV energy band. Temporal variability episodes are also studied and their properties constrained. Two fundamental questions drive this effort: (i) Does the X-ray emission retain any kind of 'memory' of the prompt {gamma}-ray phase? (ii) Where is the dividing line between long and short GRB X-ray properties? We show that short GRBs decay faster, are less luminous and less energetic than long GRBs in the X-rays, but are interestingly characterized by similar intrinsic absorption. We furthermore reveal the existence of a number of statistically significant relations that link the X-ray to prompt {gamma}-ray parameters in long GRBs; short GRBs are outliers of the majority of these two-parameter relations. However and more importantly, we report on the existence of a universal three-parameter scaling that links the X-ray and the {gamma}-ray energy to the prompt spectral peak energy of both long and short GRBs: E_X,iso_{prop.to}E^1.00+/-0.06^_{gamma},iso_/E^0.60+/-0.10^_pk_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/880/76
- Title:
- 6 GRBs with Swift XRT and Fermi GBM obs.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/880/76
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The jet photosphere has been proposed as the origin for the gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission. In many such models, characteristic features in the spectra appear below the energy range of the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) detectors, so joint fits with X-ray data are important in order to assess the photospheric scenario. Here we consider a particular photospheric model which assumes localized subphotospheric dissipation by internal shocks in a non-magnetized outflow. We investigate it using Bayesian inference and a sample of eight GRBs with known redshifts which are observed simultaneously with Fermi GBM and the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT). This provides us with an energy range of 0.3keV-40MeV and much tighter parameter constraints. We analyze 32 spectra and find that 16 are well described by the model. We also find that the estimates of the bulk Lorentz factor, {Gamma}, and the fireball luminosity, L_0,52_, decrease while the fraction of dissipated energy, {epsilon}_d_, increases in the joint fits compared to GBM-only fits. These changes are caused by a small excess of counts in the XRT data, relative to the model predictions from fits to GBM-only data. The fact that our limited implementation of the physical scenario yields 50% accepted spectra is promising, and we discuss possible model revisions in the light of the new data. Specifically, we argue that the inclusion of significant magnetization, as well as removing the assumption of internal shocks, will provide better fits at low energies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/826/45
- Title:
- GRB X-ray afterglows light curves analysis
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/826/45
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a correlation between the average temporal decay ({alpha}_X,avg,>200s_) and early-time luminosity (L_X,200s_) of X-ray afterglows of gamma-ray bursts as observed by the Swift X-ray Telescope. Both quantities are measured relative to a rest-frame time of 200s after the {gamma}-ray trigger. The luminosity-average decay correlation does not depend on specific temporal behavior and contains one scale-independent quantity minimizing the role of selection effects. This is a complementary correlation to that discovered by Oates et al. (2012MNRAS.426L..86O, 2015MNRAS.453.4121O) in the optical light curves observed by the Swift Ultraviolet Optical Telescope. The correlation indicates that, on average, more luminous X-ray afterglows decay faster than less luminous ones, indicating some relative mechanism for energy dissipation. The X-ray and optical correlations are entirely consistent once corrections are applied and contamination is removed. We explore the possible biases introduced by different light-curve morphologies and observational selection effects, and how either geometrical effects or intrinsic properties of the central engine and jet could explain the observed correlation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/884/59
- Title:
- GRB X-ray flare temporal and spectral properties
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/884/59
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be divided into three subclasses: X-ray flash (XRF), X-ray rich (XRR), and classical GRB (C-GRB). An X-ray flare is the rebrightening emission shown in the early X-ray afterglow of some GRBs. In this paper, we comprehensively examine the X-ray flare properties among XRF, XRR, and C-GRB subclasses. We utilize the XRF, XRR, and C-GRB subclass samples obtained from the Swift-BAT3 catalog, and the X-ray flare observational properties are collected from Falcone+ (2007ApJ...671.1921F), Chincarini+ (2010MNRAS.406.2113C), and Yi+ (2016, J/ApJS/224/20). We find that XRFs and XRRs have more bright X-ray flares than C-GRBs. The ratio of the X-ray flare fluence to the prompt emission fluence has different distributions between XRF and C-GRB subclasses. The linear correlation between the duration and the peak time of the X-ray flares is also different between XRF and C-GRB subclasses. We are inclined to identify the GRBs with the bright X-ray flares as XRFs or XRRs. We discuss some issues that are related to the XRF/XRR/C-GRB classification. We also caution the selection effects and the instrument bias in our investigation. Large samples are required in the future to further confirm our results.