- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/614/A146
- Title:
- Stellar parameters of NGC3201 RGB stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/614/A146
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The origin of the globular cluster (GC) NGC3201 is under debate. Its retrograde orbit points to an extragalactic origin, but no further chemical evidence supports this idea. Light-element chemical abundances are useful to tag GCs and can be used to shed light in this discussion. Recently it was shown that the CN and CH indices are useful to identify anomalous GCs out of typical Milky Way GCs. A possible origin of anomalous clusters is the merger of two GCs and/or nucleus of a dwarf galaxy. We aim at deriving CN and CH band strengths for red giant stars in NGC3201 and compare with photometric indices and high-resolution spectroscopy and discuss in the context of GC chemical tagging. We measure molecular band indices of S(3839) and G4300 for CN and CH, respectively from low-resolution spectra of red giant stars. Gravity and temperature effects are removed. Photometric indices are used to indicate further chemical information on C+N+O or s-process element abundances, not derived from low-resolution spectra. We found three groups on the CN-CH distribution. A main sequence (S1), a secondary less-populated sequence (S2), and a group of peculiar (pec) CN-weak and CH-weak stars, one of which was previously known. The three groups seem to have different C+N+O and/or s-process element abundances, to be confirmed by high-resolution spectroscopy. These are typical characteristics of anomalous GCs. The CN distribution of NGC3201 is quadrimodal, which is more common in anomalous clusters. However, NGC3201 does not belong to the trend of anomalous GCs in the mass-size relation. NGC3201 shows signs that it can be chemically tagged as anomalous: unusual CN-CH relation, indications that pec-S1-S2 is an increasing sequence of C+N+O or s-process element abundances, and a multimodal CN distribution that seems to correlate with s-process element abundances. The differences are: it has a debatable Fe-spread and it does not follow the trend of mass-size of all anomalous clusters. Three scenarios are postulated here: (i) if the sequence pec-S1-S2 has increasing C+N+O and s-process element abundances, NGC3201 would be the first anomalous GC out of the mass-size relation; (ii) if the abundances are almost constant, NGC3201 would be the first non-anomalous GC with multiple CN-CH anti-correlation groups, or (iii) it would be the first anomalous GC without variations in C+N+O and s-process element abundances. In all cases, the definition of anomalous clusters and the scenario where they have an extragalactic origin must be revised.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/625/A104
- Title:
- Stellar parameters of OB stars in SMC wing
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/625/A104
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Stars which start their lives with spectral types O and early-B are the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae, long gamma-ray bursts, neutron stars, and black holes. These massive stars are the primary sources of stellar feedback in star-forming galaxies. At low metallicities, the properties of massive stars and their evolution are not yet fully explored. Here we report a spectroscopic study of 320 massive stars of spectral types O (23 stars) and B (297 stars) in the Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The spectra, which we obtained with the ESO Very Large Telescope, were analyzed using state-of-the-art stellar atmosphere models, and the stellar parameters were determined. We find that the stellar winds of our sample stars are generally much weaker than theoretically expected. The stellar rotation rates show broad, tentatively bi-modal distribution. The upper Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD) is well populated by the stars of our sample from a specific field in the SMC Wing. A few very luminous O stars are found close to the main sequence, while all other, slightly evolved stars obey a strict luminosity limit. Considering additionally massive stars in evolved stages, with published parameters and located all over the SMC, essentially confirms this picture. The comparison with single-star evolutionary tracks suggest a dichotomy in the fate of massive stars in the SMC. Only stars with an initial mass below ~30M_{sun}_ seem to evolve from the main sequence to the cool side of the HRD to become a red supergiant and to explode as type II-P supernova. In contrast, stars with initially more than ~30M_{sun}_ol appear to stay always hot and might evolve quasi chemically homogeneously, finally collapsing to relatively massive black holes. However, we find no indication that chemical mixing is correlated with rapid rotation. We measure the key parameters of stellar feedback and establish the links between the rates of star formation and supernovae. Our study demonstrates that in metal-poor environments the stellar feedback is dominated by core-collapse supernovae in combination with winds and ionizing radiation supplied by a few of the most massive stars. We found indications of stochastic mode of massive star-formation, where the resulting stellar population is fully capable of producing large scale structures like the supergiant shell SMC-SGS 1 in the Wing. The low level of feedback in metal-poor stellar populations allows star formation episodes to persist over long time scales.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/647/A157
- Title:
- Stellar parameters of the EXPRESS sample
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/647/A157
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- As part of the search for planets around evolved stars, we can understand planet populations around significantly higher-mass stars than the Sun on the main sequence. This population is difficult to study any other way, particularly with radial-velocities since these stars are too hot and rotate too fast to measure precise velocities. Here we estimate stellar parameters for all of the giant stars from the EXPRESS project, which aims to detect planets orbiting evolved stars, and study their occurrence rate as a function of stellar mass. We analyse high resolution echelle spectra of these stars, and compute the atmospheric parameters by measuring the equivalent widths for a set of iron lines, using an updated method implemented during this work. Physical parameters are computed by interpolating through a grid of stellar evolutionary models, following a procedure that carefully takes into account the post-MS evolutionary phases. Probabilities of the star being in the red giant branch (RBG) or the horizontal branch (HB) are estimated from the derived distributions. Results: We find that, out of 166 evolved stars, 101 of them are most likely in the RGB phase, while 65 of them are in the HB phase. The mean derived mass is 1.41 and 1.87M_{sun}_ for RGB and HB stars, respectively. To validate our method, we compared our results with interferometry and asteroseismology studies. We find a difference in the radius with interferometry of 1.7%. With asteroseismology, we find 2.4% difference in logg, 1.5% in radius, 6.2% in mass, and 11.9% in age. Compared with previous spectroscopic studies, and find a 0.5% difference in Teff, 1% in logg, and 2% in [Fe/H]. We also find a mean mass difference with respect to the EXPRESS original catalogue of 16%. We show that the method presented here can greatly improve the estimates of the stellar parameters for giant stars compared to what was presented previously.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/237
- Title:
- Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system
- Short Name:
- II/237
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This catalogue gives photometric data in the UBVRIJHKLMN colors and some additional information. Data for the JHKLMN bands come from NASA Ref. Pub. 1294 (1993). More complete information is found in Wisconsin Astrophysics 504 (1993) The effective wavelength of the Johsnon filters are: U = 360 nm B = 450 nm V = 555 nm R = 670 nm I = 870 nm J = 1.2 um H = 1.62um K = 2.2 um L = 3.5 um M = 5.0 um N = 9.0 um
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/568/A119
- Title:
- Stellar physical parameters for young stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/568/A119
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A uvbyH{beta} Stromgren photometric survey covering 16 square degrees in the anticenter direction was carried out using the Wide Field Camera at the Isaac Newton Telescope. Physical parameters like stellar distances and extinctions for the young stars of our survey are presented here. We developed a new method for deriving physical parameters from Stromgren photometry and also implemented and tested it. This is a model-based method that uses the most recent available stellar atmospheric models and evolutionary tracks to interpolate in a 3D grid of the unreddened indexes [m1], [c1] and H{beta}. Distances derived from both this method and the classical pre-Hipparcos calibrations were tested against Hipparcos parallaxes and found to be accurate. Furthermore, a shift in the atmospheric grids in the range Teff=[7000,9000]K was detected and a correction is proposed. The two methods were used to compute distances and reddening for around 12000 OBA-type stars in our Stromgren anticenter survey. Data from the IPHAS and 2MASS catalogs were used to complement the detection of emission line stars and to break the degeneracy between early and late photometric regions. We note that photometric distances can differ by more than 20%, those derived from the empirical calibrations being smaller than those derived with the new method, which agree better with the Hipparcos data.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/206
- Title:
- Stellar Polarization Bibliography
- Short Name:
- II/206
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This preliminary version of Bibliographic Catalogue of Stellar Polarization (BCSP) contains data about polarization measurements of more than 1600 galactic objects published during the period 1977-1981. All the information included in the Catalogue has been taken from original papers published during this period. The main goal of the Catalogue is to present necessary bibliography to explorers studying a certain object and to give them some primary polarization data concerning with it. See the full documentation in file "bcsp.doc" (or bcsp.tex)
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/226
- Title:
- Stellar polarization catalogs agglomeration
- Short Name:
- II/226
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an agglomeration of stellar polarization catalogs with results for 9286 stars. We have endeavoured to eliminate errors, provide accurate positions, sensibly weight multiple observations of the same star, and provide reasonable distances.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/471/795
- Title:
- Stellar population ages and metallicities from colors
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/471/795
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Two important stellar-population parameters (age and metallicity) of the dominant stellar populations (DSPs) of galaxies are usually estimated by comparing the observed absorption line indices or colors to predictions of some simple stellar population models. However, some studies show that there is actually recent star formation in galaxies, including early type ones. This suggests that we may not be obtaining accurate the two stellar-population parameters for the DSPs of galaxies. This is obvious when we estimate the two parameters by colors, because the youngest populations dominate the light and make the fitted stellar populations younger and richer in metal. We study how young populations (YSPs) in composite stellar populations (CSPs) affect the colors of star systems and to analyze how the stellar ages and metallicities derived from colors possibly deviate from those of the DSPs. It is found that the age and mass fraction of a YSP affect colors of a mixed star system significantly, but the former is stronger. In addition, our results show that the stellar ages and metallicities derived directly from a pair of colors are about 2.14Gyr younger, while 0.0027 more metal rich on average than those of the DSPs of composite stellar systems. Some possible distributions of the differences between stellar-population parameters determined by colors and those of DSPs of CSPs are presented. The possible distributions of the differences between colors of CSPs and those of their DSPs are also shown. Stellar ages and metallicities measured by colors and line-strength indices are compared in the work, with a sample of 18 galaxies. Furthermore, the YSPs may affect the fundamental plane and Kormendy relation of early type galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/474/1081
- Title:
- Stellar population gradients in bulges. I
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/474/1081
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This is the first paper presenting our long-term project aimed at studying the nature of bulges through analyzing their stellar population gradients. We present deep spectroscopic observations along the minor axis and the data reduction for a sample of 32 bulges of edge-on spiral galaxies. We explain in detail our procedures for measuring their dynamical parameters (rotation curves and velocity dispersion profiles) and line-strength indices, including the conversion to the Lick/IDS system. Tables giving the values of the dynamical parameters and line-strength indices at each galactocentric radius are presented (in electronic form) for each galaxy of the sample. The derived line-strength gradients from this dataset will be analyzed in a forthcoming paper to set constraints on the different scenarios for the formation of the bulges.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/474/763
- Title:
- Stellar population gradients in bulges. II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/474/763
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the analysis of the radial gradients of stellar absorption lines in a sample of 32 bulges of edge-on spiral galaxies, spanning nearly the full Hubble sequence (from S0 to Sc types), and a large range of velocity dispersion (from about 60 to 300km/s). Different diagnostics such as index-index, gradient-gradient diagrams, and simple stellar population models are used to tackle the origin of the variation of the bulge stellar population. We find that the vast majority of bulges show older age, lower metallicity and higher [alpha/Fe] in their outer regions than in their central parts. The radial gradients in [Fe/H] are 2 to 3 times larger than in Log(age). The relation between gradient and bulge velocity dispersion is interpreted as a gradual build up of the gradient mean values and their dispersions from high to low velocity dispersion, rather than a pure correlation. The bulge effective radii and the Hubble type of the parent galaxies seem to play a more minor role in causing the observed spatial distributions. At a given velocity dispersion, bulges and ellipticals share common properties.